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    M254 Exam 2 Stew Study Guide

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    M254 Exam 2 Stew Study Guide

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    M254 Exam 2 Stew Study Guide

    Uploaded by

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    Study Guide for Calculus I - Exam #2

    CHAPTER 2

     Remember what you know about continuity and evaluating limits.


    f ( x+ h )−f (x)
    o Using Limit Definition of the derivative: f ' ( x )=lim ❑
    h →0 h
    ' ' dy d
    o Notation: f ( x )= y = = [f ( x ) ]
    dx dx
    o Finding the slope at a point, finding equation of the tangent line at a point
    o Differentiability (determine whether derivative exists everywhere)
    o Second, third, fourth derivatives.

    CHAPTER 3

    3.1 Derivatives of Polynomials and Exponentials

     Power Rule: If f ( x )=x n , then f ' ( x )=nx n−1


     Derivative of a constant = 0.
     Constant Multiple Rule (multiplication by constant does not affect differentiation)
     Sum and Difference Rules (you can take derivatives of each piece separately if there is a
    “+” or “–“ sign in between)
    d x
     ( e ) =e x
    dx

    3.2 Product and Quotient Rules


    d
     ( uv )=u' v + v ' u
    dx

     dx v ()
    d u u ' v−v ' u
    =
    v
    2

     Simplifying to factored form

    3.3 Derivatives of Trig Functions

     If f ( x )=sin x , then f ' ( x )=cos x


     If f ( x )=cos x , then f ' ( x )=−sin x
     If f ( x )=tan x , then f ' ( x )=sec 2 x
     Derivatives of other trig functions via quotient rule (you don’t have to memorize these)

    3.4 Chain Rule

    dy dy du d
     = or equivalently, [f (g ( x ))]=¿ f ' (g ( x ) )∙ g' (x)
    dx du dx dx
    (Take derivative of the outermost thing first while keeping argument the same, and if
    the argument is not x (or t, etc.), take the derivative of the argument).
     Simplifying to factored form

    3.5 Implicit Differentiation

     Explicit differentiation is solving for “y” and using the rules above.
     Implicit differentiation is where you don’t solve for y, and you apply chain rule to
    anything involving y.
     Finding tangent lines to implicitly defined equations.
     Finding the derivative of a basic inverse trig function using implicit differentiation and
    SOHCAHTOA on a triangle.

    3.6 Derivatives of Logs and Logarithmic Differentiation

    d 1
     ( ln x )=
    dx x
     Be able to use logarithmic differentiation (taking a log on both sides) to solve problems
    that would be difficult or impossible to differentiate otherwise

    3.7 & 3.8 Rates of Change in Science & Exponential Growth and Decay

     Be able to solve applied science problems about rates of change


     Solving falling objects and other physics problems using s' ( t )=v ( t ) and v ' ( t )=a( t)
    dy
     Know that the solution to the differential equation =ky is of the form y ( t ) = y 0 ekt ,
    dx
    and use that equation to solve growth and decay problems

    3.9 Related Rates

     Follow the following steps for all related rates problems:

    1. Draw a diagram or picture if possible.


    2. Introduce notation: assign variables to things that are changing over time (that you have
    information about, or that you want to find). Assign numbers to things that are static.
    3. Using your notation, write any given rates as well as the rate you want to find in terms
    dθ
    of derivatives (for instance, if an angle is changing)
    dt
    4. Write an equation that relates all the variables together. If there are more than 2
    variables, you may sometimes try to eliminate any variable that you can by similar
    triangles or other tricks, before differentiation.
    5. Differentiate both sides of the equation with respect to t. NOT x. Apply the chain rule
    wherever necessary (it is FREQUENTLY necessary…all of your variables should now
    either be derivatives, or have derivatives attached due to product or chain rules).
    6. NOW you may substitute temporary numbers for variables and plug in any rates you are
    given, and solve for the unknown rate.

     You should know:


     Pythagorean Theorem
     Law of Similar Triangles
     SOHCAHTOA
     Area of a rectangle and area of a triangle
     Area of circle
     Volume of a rectangular or triangular prism

     Don’t bother memorizing volumes or areas of other objects, law of cosines, other
    trigonometric identities, etc.

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