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water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth. This cycle is powered by energy from the
sun and involves several key processes:
1. Evaporation: Water from oceans, rivers, lakes, and other bodies of water is heated by the sun
and turns into vapor, rising into the atmosphere.
2. Transpiration: Plants also release water vapor into the atmosphere through small openings in
their leaves in a process called transpiration.
3. Condensation: As water vapor rises and cools in the atmosphere, it condenses to form clouds.
4. Precipitation: Water falls from clouds back to Earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
5. Infiltration: Some of the water that precipitates onto the land surface infiltrates the soil and
replenishes groundwater supplies.
6. Runoff: Water that doesn't infiltrate the ground flows over the land surface and collects in
rivers, lakes, and oceans, eventually making its way back to the ocean.
7. Storage: Water can be stored in various reservoirs, including glaciers, ice caps, oceans, lakes,
rivers, and underground aquifers.
This cycle is essential for sustaining life on Earth, regulating climate, and shaping the planet's
surface.