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Tut (2) - Finite Element, 3-Node Bar Element (GCM)

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Mouid Jaber
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54 views10 pages

Tut (2) - Finite Element, 3-Node Bar Element (GCM)

Uploaded by

Mouid Jaber
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Finite Element Method

Generalized Coordinates Method (GCM)

3-Node Bar Element

By: Mokhtar Musa Ismail


Example (1)
The 3-node bar finite element shown in figure (1) is of a material with
young’s modulus with x-sectional area and body force :
(a) Show that the shape functions of the element are:

(b) Show that these functions satisfy the correct shape function’s properties.
(c) Show that the element stiffness matrix and the element nodal load vector
are:

[ ] [ ] { } { }

Figure (1)
Solution:
Suitable displacement function:

Apply at nodes:

Node (1) (i)

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Node (2) (ii)

Node (2) (iii)

Subs in :

[ ]

Subs in the displacement function:

[ ] [ ]

[ ] [ ] [ ]

(b) Check for the shape function:


at node at other nodes

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At node (1)

At node (2)

At node (3)

(c)-Strain and Stress relationships

* +{ } [ ]{ }

Stress
[ ]{ }

-Stiffness Matrix:

[𝐾 ] = 𝑉
[𝐵]𝑇 [ ][𝐵] 𝑉
[ ] [ ]

[ ] * +

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[𝐾 ] [* +]

[ ]

( ) ( )( ) ( )( )

[𝐾 ] ( )( ) ( ) ( )( )

∫ [( )( ) ( )( ) ( ) ]

[ ] [ ]

-Nodal Load Vector :

{𝑅 } = 𝑉
[ ]𝑇 [ ]

{ } ∫ [ ]

[ ]

{ }

[ ] [ ]

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{ } { }

{ }

Example (2)
Considering the bar shown in figure (2) and using 3-node generalized
coordinate method determine:
(I)The Nodal Displacements
(II) The Reactions.

Figure (2)

Solution:
(I) Nodal Displacement:
1-Discretize the Element Types:

2-Select a displacement function:

{ } { }

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3- Strain and Stress relationships:

[ ]{ } [ ]{ }

[ ]{ }

4-The element Stiffness Matrix and Nodal Load Vector:

[𝐾 ] = 0
[𝐵 ]𝑇 [𝐵 ]

[ ] [ ]

[ ] [ ] [ ]

[ ] [ ] [ ]

Element Nodal Load Vector:


{𝑅 } = 0
[ ]𝑇 [ ]

{ } { }

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{ } { } { }

{ } { } { }

5-Assemble the Element to Global Equations and introduce boundary


conditions:
Structure nodal load vector {𝑅 }

{ } { } { }

{ } { } { }

[ ]
B.C:

{ } { } , [ ] [ ]

6-Solve for the unknowns:


[ ]{ } { }

{ } [ ] { } { }

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(II)The Reactions:

[ ]{ } { }

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Problems
1-Considering the bar shown in figure (3-b) and using the minimum number
of the finite element in figure (3-a):

(a) Determine the nodal displacements


(b) Determine the reactions

Figure (3-a) Figure (3-b)


2- Consider the bar in figure (4) loaded as shown. Determine the nodal
displacements, element stresses, and support reactions. Solve this problem by
using 3-node finite elements.

Figure (4)

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