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Assignment: Data Base System

DBMS part

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zahid
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6 views

Assignment: Data Base System

DBMS part

Uploaded by

zahid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASSIGNMENT

ON

DATA BASE SYSTEM

Submitted To: Sir. Zahid Sb

Submitted By: ShairZaman Khan

Program Title: BS Computer Science (2021—2025)

Semester: 4th

PUNJAB GROUP OF COLLEGES


JAMPUR
Primary key:
A primary key is a candidate key
that is selected by the database designer to the tuples
uniquely in a relation. A relation may contain many
candidate keys. When designer selects one of them to
identify a tuple in the relation, it becomes a primary
means that if there is only one candidate key, it will be
automatically selected as primary.
Some most important points about a primary key are:
• A relation can have only one primary key.
• Each value in primary key attribute must be
unique.
• Primary key cannot contain null values.
Roll No Name Address
1 Ali Faisalabad
2 Ahmad Lahore
3 Nadeem Peshawar
Roll No is an Primary Key:
Composite key:
A composite key is a primary key that consists of two or
more columns in a table. It is used when no single
attribute can uniquely identify a row, but a
combination of attributes can. Here's an example of a
table with a composite key:

Roll No Subject Marks


1 English 52
1 Math 77
1 Computer 64
2 English 58
2 Math 69
2 Computer 49
3 English 82
3 Math 98
3 Computer 86
Roll No and Subject are both Composite Primary Key:
Alternate Key:
The candidate keys that are not
selected as primary key are known as alternate keys.
Suppose student relation contains different attributes
such as Reg No, Roll No, Name & Class. The attributes
Reg No and Roll No can be used to identify each
student in the table. If Reg No is selected as primary
key then Roll No attribute is known as alternate key.
Reg No Roll No Name Class

10 1 Nadeem Khalil MSc

20 2 M.Usman BSc

30 3 Noman Qadir FSc

Reg No primary key


Roll No alternate key
Foreign Key:
A foreign key is an attribute or set
of attributes in a relation whose values match an
primary key in another relation. The relation in which
foreign key is created is known dependent table or
child table. The relation to which the foreign key refers
is known as parent table. The key connects to another
relation is established b/w two relations. A relation
may contain many foreign keys. The following figures
shows two relations. The Roll No attribute in parent
relation used as primary key. The Roll No attribute in
child relation is used as foreign key. It refers Roll No
attribute in parent relation.
Table # 01 is Parent Table:
Roll No Name Address

1 Nadeem Khalil Faisalabad

2 M.Usman Lahore

3 Noman Qadir Peshawar

Table # 02 is Child Table:


Roll No Subject Marks
1 English 52
1 Math 77
1 Computer 64
2 English 58
2 Math 69
2 Computer 49
3 English 82
3 Math 98
3 Computer 86

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