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Electrostatic Assignment1

Electrostatic assignment

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Fezile
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8 views5 pages

Electrostatic Assignment1

Electrostatic assignment

Uploaded by

Fezile
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: Fezile MS

Surname: Mazibuko
Student Number:240114550

Question 1:

The van de Graaff generator is the device that accumulates large amounts of static
electricity through a process involving charge separation and transportation. Here is
breakdown of its principle of operation:

• Charge Separation: The moving belt that’s made of an insulating material,


such as rubber, passes over two rollers. One roller at the bottom is grounded,
while the other at the top is connected to a high-voltage terminal (which is the
hollow sphere).

• Charge Transfer: As the belt moves, the friction source which near the
bottom roller charges the belt with static electricity. The type of charge usually
depends on the materials involved.

• Charge Accumulation: The charged belt carries the static electricity upward
towards the hollow sphere and at the top, another brush transfers the charge
to the inner surface of the sphere.

• Charge Distribution: Since the sphere is a conductor, the charge spreads


evenly over its outer surface due to electrostatic repulsion. This creates a high
potential difference between the sphere and the ground.

Question 2:
To determine the electric field within the cylindrical charge distribution, we can apply
Gauss’s Law. Let’s consider a cylindrical Gaussian surface with radius r (where r <
R) and length L, concentric with the charge distribution.
• Gauss’s Law: The electric flux through the Gaussian surface is equal to the
enclosed charge divided by ε₀: Φ = Qenc / ε₀.

• Enclosed Charge: The charge enclosed within the Gaussian surface is given
by Qenc = p * V, where V is the volume of the Gaussian surface.

• Electric Field: Since the electric field is uniform and perpendicular to the
Gaussian surface, the electric flux is Φ = E * A, where A is the surface area of
the Gaussian surface.

• Equating and Solving: By equating the two expressions for electric flux and
substituting the enclosed charge, we can solve for the electric field E. After
simplification, we arrive at E = pr / 2ε₀.

Question 3:

The Electromotive force (EMF) is the energy per unit charge wgich is supplied by a
source, such as a battery or generator,to maintain a potential difference across its
terminals.

Here’s the Diagram:


Question 4:
Water Analogy:

• Voltage: Represents the water pressure in a pipe. Higher voltage


corresponds to higher water pressure, causing a faster water flow.

• Current: Represents the flow rate of water through the pipe. Higher current
means more water flowing per second.

• Resistance: Represents a narrow section in the pipe that restricts water flow.
Higher resistance leads to a lower water flow rate for the same pressure.

• Power: Represents the rate at which water does work. Higher power means
more work is done by the water per second.
Here is the Diagram below:

• Pump (Battery): The pump creates water pressure (voltage) to push the
water (electric current) through the pipe (circuit).

• Pipe (Wire): The pipe allows the water (current) to flow from the pump to the
turbine (light bulb).

• Valve (Resistor): The valve partially obstructs the water flow (resistance),
reducing the water flow rate (current) for a given pressure (voltage).

• Turbine (Light Bulb): The water flow (current) turns the turbine, generating
mechanical work (light and heat).
G
References :
Halliday, D., Resnick, R., & Walker, J. (2014). Fundamentals of Physics (10 th ed., pp.
456-458). Wiley.
Griffiths, D. J. (2017). Introduction to Electrodynamics (4th ed., pp. 72-75). Pearson.
Sears, F. W., Zemansky, M. W., Young, H. D., & Freedman, R. A. (2016). University
Physics with Modern Physics (14th ed., pp. 612-615). Pearson.
Giancoli, D. C. (2014). Physics: Principles with Applications (7th ed., pp. 450-453).
Pearson.

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