Adjective

Adjective
যে Part of Speech দ্বারা Noun বা Pronoun এর
য াষ, গুণ, অবস্থান, পররমাণ বা সংখ্যা ইত্যার প্রকাশ
করা হয়, ত্াকক Adjective বকে।
 For example:

• Sheema has blue eyes. (বৈশিষ্ট্য)

• My room gets messy all time. (দ োষ)
• Hashem is the first boy in the class. (অৈস্থোন)
• We have five pets. (সংখ্যো)
Uses of Adjective:

i. Attributive Uses: যখ্ন Adjective, Noun এর পূর্ৈে ৈর্স ঐ Noun দে

Modify ের্র, Adjective এর এরূপ ৈযৈহোরই হর্ ো Adjective এর
Attributive Use ।

Example:
My mother loves to have spicy foods.
Uses of Adjective:
ii. Predicative Uses: যখ্ন Adjective, Predicative Verb এর পর্র ৈর্স
Subject দে Modify ের্র, Adjective এর এরূপ ৈযৈহোর হর্ ো
Adjective এর Predicative Use ।
– Predicative Verb ৈ র্ে মূ ে Be verb দৈোঝোয়।

Example:
This food is spicy.
 Classification of Adjective
• প্রধানত্ চার প্রকার:

I. Adjective of Quality or, Descriptive Adjective.

II. Adjective of Quantity or, Quantitative Adjective.
III. Adjective of Number or, Numeral Adjective.
IV. Pronominal Adjective.
I. Adjective of Quality

দয Adjective, Noun ৈো Pronoun এর গুণ, দ োষ ৈো অৈস্থো প্রেোি ের্র,

েোর্ে Adjective of Quality ৈর্ ।

Example:
This cup is fancy.
II. Adjective of Quantity

দয Adjective, Noun এর পশরমোণ শনর্ ে ি ের্র, েোর্ে Adjective of

Quantity ৈর্ ।

Example:
Drink enough water.
III. Adjective of Number

দয Adjective, Noun এর সংখ্যো, ক্রশমে অৈস্থোন ৈো পযেোয় দৈোঝোয়, েোর্ে

Adjective Of Number ৈর্ ।

Example:
December is the last month of the year.
Numeral Adjective 3 types:

1. Cardinal: One, Two, Three etc.

2. Ordinal: First, Second, Third, Last etc.
3. Multiplicative: Single, Double, Threefold etc.

এর্ রর্ে Definite Numeral Adjective ও ৈর্ ।

Indefinite Numeral Adjective:

দয সে Numeral Adjective শনর্ িষ্ট্ দেোর্নো সংখ্যো প্রেোি নো ের্র, সংখ্যোর

ধোরণো প্রেোি ের্র, েোর্ে Numeral Adjective ৈর্ ।

Example:
No student should leave the class.

■ All, Some, Enough, No, Or, None, Many, Few, Several, Sundry
ইেযোশ Adjective of Number ।
**** রকছু Adjective, Quantitative এবং Numeral উভয়রূকপ বযবহৃত্ হয়।

যখ্ন Adjective গুশ ,

• Countable Noun এর পূর্ৈে ৈর্স েখ্ন Numeral.
• Uncountable Noun এর পূর্ৈে ৈর্স েখ্ন Quantitative.
Example:
i. Give me some water. Quantitative
ii. He lost all his wealth.
iii. We had enough sweets for today. Numeral
iv. I gave Gian some playcards.
IV. Pronominal Adjective

Pronoun যখ্ন Noun এর পূর্ৈে ৈর্স Adjective এর মে েোজ ের্র

েখ্ন েোর্ে Pronominal Adjective ৈর্ ।

Example:
• She is my sister.
• Every student must bring his book.
• Which song do you like the most?
• This house is ours.
Pronominal Adjective প্রধানত্ ৪ প্রকারঃ

1. Demonstrative Adjective
2. Interrogative Adjective
3. Distributive Adjective
4. Possessive Adjective
Demonstrative Adjective
Demonstrative Pronoun যখ্ন Noun এর পূর্ৈে ৈর্স Adjective এর মে
েোজ ের্র েখ্ন েোর্ে Demonstrative Adjective ৈর্ ।

Example:
• This house is ours.
• These pancakes are mouth watering.
• This girl is emotionally very strong.
Interrogative Adjective

Interrogative Pronoun যখ্ন Noun এর পূর্ৈে ৈর্স Adjective এর মে

েোজ ের্র েখ্ন েোর্ে Interrogative Adjective ৈর্ ।

Example:
• Which song do you like the most?
• Whose pen is in your pocket?
• What color is your favourite?
Distributive Adjective
Distributive Pronoun যখ্ন Noun এর পূর্ৈে ৈর্স Adjective এর মে েোজ
ের্র েখ্ন েোর্ে Distributive Adjective ৈর্ ।

Each, Every, Either, Neither এ চোরটি Distributive Adjective শহর্সর্ৈ

ৈযৈহৃে হয়।

Example:
• Every student must bring his book.
• You shall watch either side side of the street.
• We support neither team.
Possessive Adjective
Possessive Pronoun যখ্ন Noun এর পূর্ৈে ৈর্স Adjective এর মে েোজ ের্র
েখ্ন েোর্ে Pronominal Adjective ৈর্ ।

Possessive Pronoun- my, our, your, their, his, her, its.

Example:
• She is my sister.
• This is our car.
• We went to their farmhouse.
 Some other Adjective
Proper Adjective:
দয Adjective, Proper Noun দের্ে গঠিে হয়, েোর্ে Proper Adjective
ৈর্ ।

Proper Noun → Proper Adjective

– Bangladesh → Bangladeshi
– Japan → Japanese
– Shakespeare → Shakespearean
 Some other Adjective

Relative Adjective:
Relative Pronoun যখ্ন Noun এর পূর্ৈে ৈর্স Adjective এর মে েোজ ের্র েখ্ন
েোর্ে Relative Adjective ৈর্ ।

Example:
• Tell me which book should I read.
• Ask her what food she wants.
 Some other Adjective

Exclamatory Adjective:
“What” যখ্ন Exclamation প্রেোি ের্র এৈং Adjective এর মে েোজ ের্র, েখ্ন
েোর্ে Exclamatory Adjective ৈর্ ।

Example:
• What a wonderful world!
• What a management!
• What foolishness is it!
 Some other Adjective

Emphasizing Adjective:
Own ও Very যখ্ন emphasize(দজোর দ য়ো) দৈোঝোয়, েখ্ন েোর্ র
Emphasizing Adjective ৈর্ ।

Example:
• This is the very earing which I lost.
• I heard the news with my own ears.
 Some other Adjective

Compound Adjective:
দয Adjective এেোশধে word শনর্য় গঠিৎ, েোর্ে Compound Adjective ৈর্ ।

Example:
• We share a seven-year-long friendship.
• They have a five storey building.
Adverb
 Adverb
দয Part of Speech, Noun ও Pronoun ব্যতীত অনয
দয দেোর্নো parts of speech, এমন শে দেোর্নো
Sentence দে modify ের্র, েোর্ে Adverb ৈর্ ।
• Adverb, Adjective দে modify ের্রেঃ She is very pretty.
• Adverb, Verb দে modify ের্রেঃ My father walks fast.
• Adverb, Adverb দে modify ের্রেঃ Hasan talks very nicely.
• Adverb, Preposition দে modify ের্রেঃ She is just around 25.
• Adverb, Conjunction দে modify ের্রেঃ She had just arrived before I left.
• Adverb, Sentence দে modify ের্রেঃ Certainly we will pass.
• Adverb, Participle দে modify ের্রেঃ That was an exciting trip.
Adverb Classification:
1. Simple Adverb
2. Interrogative Adverb
3. Relative or Conjunctive Adverb
Simple Adverb

দেোর্নো Word ৈো Sentence দে modify ের্র দয Adverb েোর্ে Simple

Adverb ৈর্ ।

Example:
• Simi talks politely.
• He runs very fast.
• Fortunately we arrived at time.
• My mother treated the child softly.
 Kinds of Simple Adverb
1. Adverb of Time
2. Adverb of Place
3. Adverb of Manner
4. Adverb of Degree
5. Adverb of Number
6. Adverb of Order
7. Adverb of Cause & Effect
8. Adverb of Assertion
Adverb of Time
দয Adverb Verb এর েোযে সম্পো র্নর সময় প্রেোি ের্র, েোর্ে Adverb of Time
ৈর্ ।

Often, Sometimes, After, Before, Today, Tomorrow, Yesterday, Daily,

Always, Now, Then, Ago, Never, Already, When, While, Early,
Immediately, Instantly, Formerly, Presently, Since, Soon etc are used as
Adverb of Time.

Example:
We planned the trip instantly.
Adverb of Place

দয Adverb, Verb এর েোযে সম্পো র্নর স্থোন প্রেোি ের্র, েোর্ে Adverb of Place
ৈর্ ।

Anywhere, Nowhere, Here, There, Up, Down,Below, Far, Near, Outside,

Inside, In, Out, Neither, Thither, Above, Below etc are used as Adverb
of Place.

Example:
The children remained inside the home.
Adverb of Manner

দয Adverb Verb এর েোযে সম্পো র্নর পদ্ধশে প্রেোি ের্র, েোর্ে Adverb of
Manner ৈর্ ।

Quickly, Slowly, Wisely, Badly, Highly, Silently, certainly, Justly,

Probably, Gently, Hardly, Well, So, Thus, How etc are used as Adverb
of Manner.

Example:
The salesman asked what we wanted gently.
Adverb of Degree

দয Adverb, Verb of Adjective এর পশরমোণ ৈো মোত্রো প্রেোি ের্র েোর্ে Adverb

of Degree ৈর্ ।

Fully, Wholly, Almost, Twice, Very, Much, Half, So, Extremely, Too,
Quite, How etc are used as Adverb of Degree.

Example:
We have seen the movie twice.
Adverb of Number
দয Adverb Verb এর েোযে সম্পো র্নর সংখ্যো প্রেোি ের্র, েোর্ে Adverb of
Number ৈর্ ।

Once, Twice, Often, Never, Always, Sometimes, Again, Seldom etc

are used as Adverb of Number.

Example:
We visited our village sometimes.
Adverb of Order
দয Adverb Verb এর েোযে সম্পো র্নর পযেোয় প্রেোি ের্র, েোর্ে Adverb of
Order ৈর্ ।

First, Second, Third, Last, Lastly, Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly etc are
used as Adverb of Order.

Example:
Firstly we made our dough for the pizza.
Adverb of Cause & Effect

দয Adverb Verb এর েোযে সম্পো র্নর েোরণ ৈো ফ োফ প্রেোি ের্র,

েোর্ে Adverb of Cause & Effect ৈর্ ।

Hence, Accordingly, Consequently, Why, Therefore, Wherefore,

As, Yet, So, Become etc are used as Adverb of Cause & Effect.

Example:
It had been raining since morning yet we started for our trip.
Adverb of Assertion

দয Adverb Verb এর েোযে সম্পো র্নর হ্ যো দৈোধে, নো দৈোধে, সর্েহ ৈো শনশ্চয়েো

প্রেোি ের্র, েোর্ে Adverb of Assertion ৈর্ ।

Yes, No, Surely, Certainly, Truly, Probably, Indeed, Really, Possibly

etc are used as Adverb of Assertion.

Example:
I am truly grateful for your help.
Interrogative Adverb

দয Adverb প্রশ্ন শজর্েস েরর্ে ৈযৈহৃে হয়, েোর্ে Interrogative Adverb

ৈর্ ।

Example:
• When did they arrive?
• How do you know about the secret?
• Why has he lied?
• How much is this box of colour?
• Where did you go?
Conjunctive Adverb
দয Adverb টি ু Clause দে সংযুক্ত ের্র এৈং দেোন Word দে modify েোর্ে
Conjunctive Adverb ৈর্ ।
● শেন্তু Adverb এর পূর্ৈে antecedent েোের্ েো Relative Adverb.

Example:
• Can you sent me the address where he lives? Relative adverb
• Can you tell me where he lives? Conjunctive Adverb
 Some Other Adverb

Prepositional Adverb:
দয Adverb, Noun ৈো Adjective এর পূর্ৈে শেছু Preposition যুক্ত হর্য় গঠিে, েোর্ে
Prepositional Adverb ৈর্ ।

To-day, To-morrow, Be-sides, A-way, In-deed, A-new, A-fresh, A-shore

etc are Prepositional Adverb.

Example:
Let’s start it afresh.
 Some Other Adverb

Introductory Adverb:
Here ৈো There শ র্য় েখ্র্নো েখ্র্নো Sentence শুরু হয়, এৈং এরো Adverb of
Place দৈোঝোয় নো, এর্ র Introductory Adverb ৈর্ ।

Example:
Here is our ride.
There lived a old lady.
 Some Other Adverb

Compound Adverb:
দয Adverb ইু ৈো ের্েোশধে িব্দ যুক্ত হর্য় গঠিে, েোর্ে Compound Adverb ৈর্ ।

Sometimes( Some+times), Beside( By+side), Somehow( Some+how),

Somewhere( Some+where),Thereupon (There+upon), Therefore(
There+fore), Otherwise( Other+wise)etc are Compound Adverb.
 Some Other Adverb

Sentence Adverb:
দয Adverb সম্পূণে Sentence দে modify ের্র, েোর্ে Sentence Adverb ৈর্ ।

এ জোেীয় Adverb, Sentence এর শুরুর্ে ৈর্স, দযমনেঃ Then, Now, Perhaps,

Therefore, So, Yet, Otherwise, Moreover, However, Consequently etc.
 Some Other Adverb
Quasi-adverb:
Idiomatically ৈযৈহৃে শেছু Adjective শৈর্িষ অেে প্রেোি ের্র, এর্ র Quasi
Adverb ৈর্ ।

Prior, Contrary, Previous, Preparatory, Preliminary, Pursuant,

Regardless, Irrespective etc are used as Quasi-Adverb.

Example:
We rushed to the protest regardless of its consequences.
 Some Other Adverb

Adverbial Phrases
ইু ৈো ের্েোশধে Word পোিোপোশি ৈর্স Adverb এর নযোয় ৈযৈহৃে হর্ , েোর্ে
Adverbial Phrases ৈর্ ।

• ইু ৈো ের্েোশধে Adverb এেশত্রে হর্য়েঃ All on a sudden we heard a scream.

• Infinitive যখ্ন েোরণ, উর্েিয ৈো ফ োফ ৈুঝোর্ৈেঃ I went there to meet him.
• Noun ৈো Gerund এর পূর্ৈে Preposition ৈসোর্ েঃ After getting her call, we rushed to
her place.
• Nominative Absolute ৈুঝোর্ েঃ The show being over, we returned to our bed.
Use of Some
Adverb
 1. Before and Ago

• Present Perfect, Simple Past, Past Perfect tense এর দের্ত্র

ৈযৈহৃে হয়- Before.
• শুধুমোত্র Simple Past Tense এ ৈযৈহৃে হয়- Ago.

Example:
I have seen this movie before.
The food was delivered ten minutes ago.
 2. Late and Lately/Recently
Late ির্ব্দর অেে ‘দ শর ের্র’। Lately/Recently ির্ব্দর অেে ‘সম্প্রশে’

• Present Perfect Tense এ ৈযৈহৃে হয়- Lately.

• Present Perfect / Simple Past Tense এ ৈযৈহৃে হয়- Recently

Example:
Last day she came school late.
I have been feeling sick lately.
 3. Hard and Hardly
Hard ির্ব্দর অেে ‘েঠিন’। Hardly ির্ব্দর অেে ‘ে োশচৎ’

• Verb এর পর্র ৈর্স Hard

• Verb এর পূর্ৈে ৈর্স Hardly

Example:
He works very hard.
My uncle hardly comes home.
 4. At present and Presently
At present ির্ব্দর অেে ‘এখ্ন’। Presently ির্ব্দর অেে ‘িীঘ্র’

Example:
We are at present staying in my uncle’s house.
I will come home presently.
 5. Presently and Just now

• Future action দৈোঝোর্ে- Presently ৈর্স।

• Past action দৈোঝোর্ে - Just now ৈর্স।

Example:
We shall leave the house presently.
My father has just reached home.
 6. Very and Much

• Positive degree এর পূর্ৈে Very ৈর্স।

• Comparative degree এর পূর্ৈে much ৈর্স।

Example:
We are very proud for you.
Hema is much quicker than Lisa.
 7. Very much, Too much, Too many
Very much ির্ব্দর অেে ‘পূণে রূর্প’। Too much ির্ব্দর অেে ‘অনুশচেভোর্ৈ দৈশি’। Too many ির্ব্দর অেে ‘অর্নে’।

• Too much , Uncountable Noun এর পূর্ৈে ৈর্স।

• Too many, Countable Noun এর পূর্ৈে ৈর্স।

Example:
We loved the cat very much.
Too much water is bad for health.
There are too many people in the hall.
 8. Well and Good
• Well, Adverb শহর্সর্ৈ ৈযৈহৃে হয়।
• Good, Adjective শহর্সর্ৈ ৈযৈহৃে হয়।

Example:
Hasan can write well.
She did a very good job.
9. Gradually and By and by
• Gradually অেে ‘ধীর্র ধীর্র’।
• By and by অেে ‘দৈি আর্গ’।

Example:
I am learning about the project gradually.
We will forget this matter by and by.
 10. Since and Ever since

• Since, Present Perfect এৈং Past Perfect Tense এ ৈযৈহৃে হয়।

• Ever since, অেীর্ের ঘটনো দৈোঝোর্ে ৈযৈহৃে হয়।

Example:
We have been here since last monday.
We met three years ago and have called each other ever
since.
 11. Already, Yet and Still

● Already ির্ব্দর অেে ‘ইর্েোমর্ধয’।

● Yet ির্ব্দর অেে ‘এখ্ন পযেন্ত’।
● Still ির্ব্দর অেে ‘এখ্ন পযেন্ত চ র্ে েোেো দেোর্নো েোজ’।

Example:
I have already finished my dinner.
My brother has not come yet.
We are still waiting for the letter.
 12. Fairly and Rather

● দেোর্নো Adjective/Adverb দ্বোরো পছে দৈোঝোর্ , Fairly ৈর্স।

● দেোর্নো Adjective/Adverb দ্বোরো অপছে দৈোঝোর্ , Rather ৈর্স।

Example:
Nobody likes him because he is rather a lier.
Everybody admires her because she is fairly intelligent.
13. Too+Adjective/Adverb

এর অেে ‘অনুশচে ভোর্ৈ দৈশি’।

Example:
The weather is too hot.
He is too late for the meeting.
 14. Too+Infinitive

এটি দ্বোরো ‘দেোর্নো শেছু নো হওয়োর েোরণ’ দৈোঝোয়।

Example:
Saima is too weak to walk.
The cup is too hot to hold.
15. Adjective/Adverb + Enough

এটি দ্বোরো ‘যর্েষ্ট্ ৈো উশচৎ মোত্রো’ দৈোঝোয়।

Example:
I am intelligent enough to pass the exam.
The weather is fair enough for a rickshaw ride.
Thank you