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Tutorial in C++

Solving some practice Questions

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kanishk.23bce10588
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9 views

Tutorial in C++

Solving some practice Questions

Uploaded by

kanishk.23bce10588
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Tutorial C++

Kanishk Tomar

23BCE10588

1. Demonstrate Operator Overloading concept in C++ with proper

source code.

// Operator Overloading Example

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

// User: [Your Name], Reg. No.: [Your Registration Number]

// Complex number class

class Complex {

private:

float real;

float imag;

public:

// Constructor

Complex(float r = 0, float i = 0) : real(r), imag(i) {}

// Overload the '+' operator

Complex operator + (const Complex &c) const {

return Complex(real + c.real, imag + c.imag);

// Function to display the complex number

void display() const {

cout << real << " + " << imag << "i" << endl;

};
int main() {

Complex c1(3.5, 2.5), c2(1.5, 4.5);

Complex c3 = c1 + c2; // Calls the overloaded '+' operator

c3.display(); // Outputs: 5.0 + 7.0i

return 0;

2. Discuss the concept of Virtual function , pure virtual function in

Polymorphism . Do justify your answer with suitable code .

In C++, polymorphism allows functions to behave differently based on the object that invokes them.
Virtual functions enable late binding, and pure virtual functions define an interface in a base class
that derived classes must implement.

Virtual Function: A virtual function is a member function in a base class that you expect to override
in derived classes. When you refer to a derived object using a pointer or reference to the base class,
you can call a virtual function to execute the derived class’s version of that function.

Pure Virtual Function: A pure virtual function is a virtual function that has no implementation in the
base class. It is declared by assigning 0 to the function in the base class. A class containing a pure
virtual function is abstract and cannot be instantiated.

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

// User: [Your Name], Reg. No.: [Your Registration Number]

// Base class

class Shape {

public:

// Virtual function

virtual void draw() {

cout << "Drawing a shape" << endl;

// Pure virtual function

virtual void area() = 0; // Must be implemented by derived classes


};

// Derived class 1

class Circle : public Shape {

public:

void draw() override {

cout << "Drawing a circle" << endl;

void area() override {

cout << "Area of circle = πr²" << endl;

};

// Derived class 2

class Rectangle : public Shape {

public:

void draw() override {

cout << "Drawing a rectangle" << endl;

void area() override {

cout << "Area of rectangle = length × width" << endl;

};

int main() {

Shape *s1 = new Circle();

Shape *s2 = new Rectangle();

s1->draw(); // Outputs: Drawing a circle


s1->area(); // Outputs: Area of circle = πr²

s2->draw(); // Outputs: Drawing a rectangle

s2->area(); // Outputs: Area of rectangle = length × width

delete s1;

delete s2;

return 0;

3. Illustrate different types of inheritance in C++ using suitable examples.

Inheritance allows one class to inherit properties and behaviors (methods) from another class. There
are several types of inheritance in C++:

a. Single Inheritance

A derived class inherits from only one base class.

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

// User: [Your Name], Reg. No.: [Your Registration Number]

// Base class

class Animal {

public:

void eat() {

cout << "Eating..." << endl;

};

// Derived class

class Dog : public Animal {

public:
void bark() {

cout << "Barking..." << endl;

};

int main() {

Dog d;

d.eat(); // Inherited from Animal

d.bark(); // Defined in Dog

return 0;

b. Multiple Inheritance

A derived class inherits from more than one base class.

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

// User: [Your Name], Reg. No.: [Your Registration Number]

// Base class 1

class A {

public:

void showA() {

cout << "Class A" << endl;

};

// Base class 2

class B {

public:

void showB() {

cout << "Class B" << endl;


}

};

// Derived class

class C : public A, public B {

public:

void showC() {

cout << "Class C" << endl;

};

int main() {

C c;

c.showA(); // Inherited from A

c.showB(); // Inherited from B

c.showC(); // Defined in C

return 0;

c. Multilevel Inheritance

A derived class inherits from another derived class, forming a chain.

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

// User: [Your Name], Reg. No.: [Your Registration Number]

// Base class

class A {

public:

void showA() {

cout << "Class A" << endl;

}
};

// Derived class 1

class B : public A {

public:

void showB() {

cout << "Class B" << endl;

};

// Derived class 2

class C : public B {

public:

void showC() {

cout << "Class C" << endl;

};

int main() {

C c;

c.showA(); // Inherited from A

c.showB(); // Inherited from B

c.showC(); // Defined in C

return 0;

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