36 A TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
Examination Control Division
2075 Baisakh

Subject: - Electrical Machin e I (EEs 5 I)

,/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
,/ Attempt All questions.
The figures in the margin indicate FuIl Marks.
,/ Assume suitable data if necessary.

1. a) Describe different types of losses on the transformer. Derive the expression for the
maximum efficiency also. t5+3]
b) A 50 KVA, 44001220V transformer has R1 :3.450, R2 : 0.0090, Xr : 5.2e2 and
X2 : 0.015f). Calculate
(i) equivalent resistance, reactance and impedance as referred to both primary and
secondary sides
(ii) total copper loss using individual resistance of the two windings and using
equivalent resistances as referred to each side. l4+4]
2. a) Explain the different three phase transformer connections with neat sketch. Write their
application also. ,.
[s+3]
b) A mild steel ring of 3 0 cm mean circumference has a cross-sectional area of 6 cm2
and has a winding of 500 turns on it. The ring is cut through at a point so as to provide
an air gap of 1mm in the magnetic circuit. It is found that a current of 4,A in the
winding, produces a flux density of lT in the air gap. Find (i) the relative permeability
of the mild steel and (ii) inductance of the winding. t8l
3. a) Describe the method of excitation and types of D.C. Generator. t8l
b) A 4 pole d.c shunt generator with a field resistance of 100 O and an armature
resistanceof lC) has 378 wave connected conductors in its'armature. The flux per pole
is 0.02 wb. If a total resistance of 10O is connected across the armature terminals and
the generator is driven at 1000rpm. Calculate the power absorbed by the load. t8l
4. a) What is the necessity of a starter in a d.c. motor. Describe the working of 3-point
starter. t2+61
b) A 200V d.c. series motor runs at 800 rpm when taking a line current of l5A. The
armature and field resistances are 0.6f) and 0.4Q respectively. Find the speed at
which it will run when connected in series with a 5f) resistance and taking the same
current at the same voltage. Ig]
5. a) Define synchronous speed of three phase induction motor. Why does the rotor of a
three phase induction motor rotate in the same direction as the rotating magnetic
field? Why rotor can never reach the speed of stator field. [2+3+31
b) An 8 pole, 50 Hz, three phase induction motor develops a starting torque of 50 Kg-m.
The rotor has an impedance of (0.8+j4) ohm per phase. At what speed the motor will
develop maximum torque and calculate the magnitude of maximum torque. t8]
***
*
TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF ENGTNEERING
Examination Control Division
2074 Bhadra

stlj 9!r : ELSctrf g g-1"

-$*'ni3.9
I (F EIJ ! )
"
,/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
'/ Attempt r4'll questions-
/ 4!l questions carry equal marlcs.
'/ Assume suitable data if necessary.
1. a) A magnetic core consists of circular ring with outer diameter 5.5 cm and inner
diameter 3.5 cm. The relative permeability of the iron is 2000. A radial airgap of
2 mmis cut in this core. Calculate the direct current that will be required in a coil of
1000 turns ruriformly distributed around the core to produce a magnetic flux of
0.3 mWb in the airgap. Assume the magnetic leakage is negligible-
b) Draw the equivalent circuit of a transformer with their parameters as it is in primary
side and secondary side. How all parameters can be transferred to primary side -
explain with mathematical derivation.
Z. a) Open circuit and Short circuit test on 5kVA, 2201400V, 50H2, single phase
transformer gave the following results.
short circuit test (on H.v. side): 40v, 17.4A, 200 watts
Determine the efficiency and the voltage regulation of the transformer at full load at
0.9pf lagging
b) State the conditions for proper operation of two transformers in parallel giving
reasons for imposition of each of these conditions.

3. a) Explain the voltage build-up process of dc shunt Generator and define the meaning of
critical resistance and critical speed.
b) A dc shgnt generator gives full load output of 30 kW at 4 terminal voltage of 200 V.
The armature and shunt field resistances are 0.05 ohm and 50 ohm respectively. The
iron and friction losses are 1000 W. Calculate: (i) generated emf; (ii) copper losses;
(iii) efficiency
4. a) A 500V dc series motor runs at 500 rpm and takes 604'. The resistance of the field
and the armature are 0.3Q and 0.2Q respectively. Calculate the value of the resistance
to be shunted rvith the series field in order that speed be increased to 600{Pffi, if the
load torque is assumed to be constant. Saturation may be neglected.

b) Explainrthe operation of 3-point dc motor starter with neat diagram.

5. a) Derive the relationship for torque developed by a 3-phase induction motor. Draw a
typical torque-slip characteristic and deduce the condition for maximum torque.
b) The rotor resistance and reactance of a 4-pole, 50 Hz, 3-phase slip ring induction
motor are 0.4 and 4 ohm/phase respectively at stand still. Calculate the speed at
maximum torque and the ratio (max torque) / (Starting torque). What value should the
resistance per phase have so that the starting torque is half of maximum torque?
t **
 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING i Full Marks i 80

* Examination Control Division

2073 Bhadra

S ubject: - Electrical Machine I (EEs s I)

,/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
'/ Attempt 44 questions.
,/ The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks.
,/ Assume suitable data if necessary.

1. a) Define Magnetic Circuit and hence list out the similarities between Magnetic and
Electric Circuits. Deduce ohms law for magnetic circuit. t8]
b) A transfonner is rated at 100kVA. At full load its copper loss is 1200 W and its iron
loss is 960 W. Calculate: t8l
i) Efficiency at full load, unity power factor
ii) Efficiency at half load, 0.8 power factor
2. a) Explain no-load and loaded operation of single phase transformer. Prove that the
magnetic flux in the core at no load and load conditions remains same. t8]
b) The data obtained from the test of a 10 KVA, 250Y11000V single phase transformer
are given below: t8]
No-load test (ON L.V side):250 V,0.8 A,80 watt
Short circuittest (ON H.V side): 80 V, l0 A, 120 watt
Calculate the equivalent circuit parameters refer to primary side and draw the
equivalent circuit.
3. a) Explain voltage build up process in a dc shunt generator and define its critical
resistance and critical speed. 14+2+21

b) A dc long shunt compound dc generator has armature winding resistance of 0.4 ohm,
series field winding resistance of 0.5 ohm and shunt-field winding resistance of 100
ohms. The generator delivers a current of 40 A to the load at 200 volt. Calculate the
emf generated by the armature. t8]
4. a) A 240V dc shunt motor has armature resistance of 0.4 O and field winding resistance
of 120 Q. It runs at 1500 rpm and draws a cuffent of 54. with certain load on its shaft.
A resistance of 0.lf) is connected in series with armature winding and the load on the
shaft is reduced by 20yo, calculate the new speed of the motor. t8]
b) Why a dc motor draws high current at starting? Explain the operation of a dc motor
starter with neat circuit diagram. t8]
5. a) Explain- how an induction motor can be used as induction generator. Explain the
procedure to determine the value of excitation capacitor required for voltage build up
in the generator. t8l
b) A 4-pole, 50Hz 3-$ slip ring induction motor has star connected stator and rotor
windings. The rotor winding has resistance 0.8O and reactance of 4Q per phase at
standstill. The emf induced between slip rings at standstill is 400 V. The Stator to
rotor turn ratio is 4. The motor runs at1490 rpm at no-load and 1300 rpm at full-load.
Calculate: t8l
i) Starting current
ii) No-load current
 fi--0 ,4"
I
. 43 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
Exam.
Level BE
Regular
Full Marks 80
BEX, BCT,
Examination Control Division Programme
BME. BIE
Pass Marks 32

2071 Bhadra Year / Part II/II Time 3 hrs.

Subject: - Electrical Machine (E8554)

,/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
y' Attempt Allquestions.
r' The/igures in the margin indicate Full Marks. Q"uPg D
y' Assume suitable data tf necessary. €--L-D
'o) '"o'P
'tu

l. a) What are different types of losses in transformer? Derive the expression of effrciency O'QI-/
oftansformer. - -'':':"-J
t\,
b) An iron ring of mean diameter 100cm and cross sectional area l0cm2 is wound with D "
1000 turns and has tr4: 2000. Compute (i) reluctance (ii) flux produced when the
current through the coil is lA (iii) Flux in the ring if a saw cut of lmm length is made,
the current through the coil remaining the same. t8t
" r'-l$ A'25 KVA, single phase, I I KV / 400V tansformer has impedance of primary and
secondary 0.4 + j2O and 0.02 + jlA respectively. Determine the load terminal voltage
fit?, and primary current at half load. t8l
b) Describe the constnrction and working principle of a dc generator with neat diagram.
Also derive the emf equation of a dc generator. t8I
3. a) Describe different methods of controlling the speed of shunt DC motor. t8I
b) Explain with necessary vector diagram how rotating magnetic field is produced in a d_,\
three phase induction motor. Also explain how this rotating magnetic field helps the
motor to rotate. t8l
4. a) Explain torque slip characteristics of 3-phase induction motor. Why the induction
motor operates only in linear portion of torque-slip characteristics. t8l
b) A 3.3 KV, 3-phase star connected synchronous motor has impedance of
0.2 + jz.z0lpbase of the armature winding. The motor is operated at 0..1 pf leading
with line current of 100 A. Determine the back emf per phase_ and also draw phasor
Bt-
n."'**5. diagram.

Give reasons for the following statements.

,{V
l4x4l
t8l
c*n'
a) Single phase induction motors are not'self starting
b) Serio motor has longer length and smaller diameier compared to other normal motor
c) DC series motor can also be operated from ac supply
d) Hysteresis and eddy current losses depends on the frequency of supply system
***

v'.ft.ua

PI fl= 0h
 .TRIBHUVAN
43 ,] IJNIVERSTI'Y Exam. Itcgrrlrr r'
INSTITU E OF ENGINEERING Level BE Marlts 80
Examination Control Division Programme
BEX, BCT
Pass Marks 32
BIE
2072 Ashwir Year / Part il/il Time 3 hrs.

Subiect: - Electrical Machine (EEss4)

{ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
r' AnemptAll questions.
{ All questions carry equal morks.
{ Assume suitable data if necessary.

1. a) Explain the operating principle of an ideal transformer and derive the emf equation.
b) A ring of 30 cm mean diameter is made up of round iron rod 2.5 cm in diameter. A
saw cut of I mm is made on the ring. It is uniformly wound with 500 turns of wire.
Calculate the current required by the exciting coil to produce a total flux of 4m Wb.
Assume a relative permeability of iron at this flux density as 800.
2- a) Explain the operation principle of dc generator. What are main functions of carbon
brush in dc generator?
b) A 20 kVA, 25AYD500V, 50Hz single phase transformer gave the following test i
results:
No-load test (on L.V. side): 250V, 1.4A, 105 watts
Short circuit test (on H.V.side): 120V, I A, 320 rvatts
Calculate the equivalent circuit parameters referred to prinrary side and draw the
equivalent circuit.
3. a) Sketch and explain the torque slip characteristics of a 3-phase induction motor
indicating the staning torque, maximum torque and the operating region. How does
rotor resistance affect the torque slip characteristics?
b) A 200V DC shunt motor drives a centrifugal pump where constant torque is required.
The motor draws a current of 50 A when running at l000qprn. What value of
resistance must be inserted in the arnature circuit to reduce the speed to 800rpm at
constant torque? Given that armature winding resistance, &:
0.1 CJ and field
winding resistance, Rr: 100 Cl
4. a) With the help of phasor diagrams, explain the effect of excitation in a 3-phase
synchronous motor.
b) A 4-pole, 50 Hz, 3 phase induction motor develops a starting torque of 50 N-m. The
rotor winding has an impedance of (0.8+j2) Q per phase at stand still. At what speed
the motor will develop maximum torque and calculate magnitude of the rnaximum
torque.
5- a) What do you understand by double field revolving theory? Explain it with the help of
a neat diagrarn.

b) A 500 KVA, 50 Hz, 6600V/400V, l- phase transformer have primary and secondary
winding resistances are 0.4 O and 0.001 O respectively. If the iron loss is 3.0 KW,
Calculate the efficiency at (a) tull load (b) half full load.
{'**

| ',-

LD
t

43 TRIBHUVAN I.'NIVERSITY Exam. Regular

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks 80

Examination Control Division BEX, BCT,

Programme Pass Marks 32
BME. BIE
20TlBhadra Year / Part II/II Time 3 hrs.

Subject: - Electrical Machine (EES54)

r' Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
r' Attempt All questions.
r' The/igures in the margin indicate Fult Martes.
y' Assume suitable data if necessary.
,/
,/
1.
Iyf ofWhat are different tlpes of losses in transformer? Derive the expression of efficiency
hansformer. t8I
A/A"iron ring of mean diameter 100cm and cross sectional area l0cm2 is wound with
( 1000 turns and has p : 2000. Compute (i) reluctance (ii) flux produced when the
current through the coil is lA (iii) Flux in the ring if a saw cut of lmm length is made,
the current through the coil remaining the same. t8l
2. a) A 25 KVA, single phase, I t KV I 400Y transformer has impedance of primary and
secondary 0.4 + jzC2 and 0.02 + jlA respectively. Determine the load terminal voltage
current at half load. t8I
the constnrction and working principle of a dc generator with neat diagnm.
Also derive the emf equation ofa dc generator t8I
3 different methods of contolling the speed of shunt DC motor. t8l
with necessary vector diagram how rotating magnetic field is produced in a
three induction motor. Also explain how this rotating magnetic field helps the
rotate. t8I
4. torque slip characteristics of 3-phase Why the induction
motor operates only in linear portion of torque-slip t8l
b) A 3.3 KV, 3-phase star connected synchronous motor has impedance of
0.2 + j2.20lphase of the armature winding. The motor is operated at 0.5 pf leading
with line current of 100 A. Determine the back emf per phase and also draw phasor
diagram. t8I
5. Give for the following statements. l4x4l
a) phase induction motors are not self starting
motor has longer length and smaller diameter compared to other normal motor
series motor.can also be operated from ac supply
and eddy current losses depends on the frequency ofsupply system
***
 26 TRIBHUVANUMVERSITY Exam. OLD Back (2065 & Earlier Batch)
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks 80

Examination Control Division Programme BEL, BEX, BCT Pass lVlarks 32

2071 Year / Part II/II Time 3 hrs.

r' Attempt arry Five questions.

r' The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks,
y' Assume suitable data if necessary.

la) Why soft magnetic material is used to make transformer core or armature core of the electical
"equip"m'ent? State and expldin
Paraday's laws of elecUomagnctic induction.Describe different processes
. of EMF induced in a coil. [101

b) A 30 on long circular iron is bent into circular ring and 600 turns of windings ar"e wound on it. the-
diameter of the rod is 20mm and relative permeability of the iron is 4000. A time varying current
I=5.Sin3l4t is passed through the winding. Calculate inducance and average value of the emf induced
in the coil. t6l

2a) A 25 kV
"
l\
250V n500V, 50IIz single phase transformer gave the following test results:
" No
load test (on L. V. 3ide): 'Z1AV,I.4A, 105 watts
Short circuit test (on H. V. side): 120V, 8A, 320 watts
Calculate the equivalent circuit parameters referred to primary side and draw the equivalent circuit. [81

,b) Explain thg operation of transformcr at diffenent loading conditions (resistive, inductive,
capacitive) showing &eir cilrresponding circuit diagram and ptusor diagram. t8l

3.a) What is meant by transformer inrush current? Discuss the term *doublirtg efrect'in hansformer
in detail. 12+61
,b)A 4-Pole dc shunt generator has wave wound amrature. The armature and field winding resistances
I
die A.2G2-and 60O rcspectively. The brush contact drop contact drop is volt per brush. Ttrc
generator is delivering apower of 3 kW at 120V.
Calculate:
a) Total armatrne cuneotcomingout from the bnrsh-
b) Current in each armature conductor.
c) Generator Eil,f (E). [2+3+31

4 a) Discrrss t$e types of arrrdure winding in dc machine in brief. Draw the sketch for lap winding in
which.no. of slot = 12, no. of pole:2 and no. of commutator segments =12. 14+41

,b) A 240V dc shunt motor bas armature winding resistance of 0.4Q and field winding resistance of
- ' I20O'. It draws a current of 27Aat half load and the corresponding speed is 600rpnt.
i) If a resistance of I O connected in series with the armature *i"dit g keeping the load torque
constant to halfload torque, calculate the new speed.
ii) If a resistanoe of lQ connected in series with the armature winding and the load toryue is
-. --- full load torque, calculate the new speed. [4+41
-ins[ea5gdJg
5 a) What rire.ste types of dc generator, discuss each tlpe in brief. Explain loading characteristics of
conrpound"{qffira{nr. I4+41
fi*etai" tw'o reaction model of salient pole synchronous machine. 18l

6 a) Itrow-doesvoltagebuild up occurs in an induction geRerator? Explain t8l

t) A +-'pote,S0Ha 3 phase induction motor with star connected rotor gives 500V between the slip
ring5.at stt ldstill. Calculate the magnitude and frequency of enrf iuduced per phase in rotor circuit at a
speedof I460RPM. t8l
***
 -. --4

4I TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY Exam, Neu" Back & Later Batch

INSTITUT'E OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks 80

Examination Control Division Programme

BEX, BCT,
Pass Marks 32
BIE
2071 Magh Year / Part II Time 3 hrs.

Subject: - Electrical Machine (EESi4)

r' Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
/ Attempt 4!questions.
/ Thefigures in the margin indicate Full Marks.
/ Assume suitable dalo if necessary.

l. a) A rectangular iron core is shown in figure L It has a mean length of magnetic path of
100 cm, cross-section of (2 cm x 2 cm), relative permeability of 1400 and an ah-gap
of 5 mm cut in the core. The three coils canied by the core have number of turns,
N. = 335, Nb : 600 and N. = 600; and the respective currents are 1.6 A, 4 Aand 3 A.
The directions of the currents are as shown in the figure. Find the flux in the air-gap. t6l

Air Gap

l"

Figure I
b) State Faraday's [,aws of electromagnetic induction. Distinguish between statically
induced emf and dynamically induced emf. t6l
2. a) Explain the u,orking of an ideal transformer under (i) no-load and (ii) loaded
conditions and derive expressions for voltage and current ratios relating to
l4+4)
a

transformer turns ratio. :

b) The following test results were obtained for open circuit and short circuit tests on a
8 kVA, 4001120 V, 50 Hz transformer: t8l
Open-circuit Test (LV Side) : 120 V ,4 A, 75 W
Short-circuit Test (HV Side) : 9.5 V, 20 A, I l0 W
Calculate the equivalent circuit parameters referred to high voltage side. Also
calculate the efficiency at half full load and 0.8 power factor lagging load.
3. a) Explain the working principle of dc generator with neat diagram. [3+3]
b) A short shunt compound generator supplies a load current of 100 A at 250 V. The
generator has the following winding resistances: shunt field 130 Q, armature 0.1 Q
and the series field 0.1 C). Find the emf generated and the armature current, if the
brush drop is I V per brush. t6I
 .::& ,

I 4. a) What is back emP FIow does back emf play an important role in DC motor? [2+4]
b) A dc shunt motor runs at 600 RPIVI taking 60 A from a 230 V supply. Armature
resistance is 0.2 () and field resistance is 115 O. Find the speed when the current
through the armatrre is 30 A. t6I
5. a) Explain the torque-slip characteristics of an induction motor. Show the condition for
which the maximum torque develops in the induction motor. [3+3]
b) A 3-phase delta connected 440 volts, 50 Hz,4-pole induction motor has a rotor stand-
still emf perphase of 130 volts. If the motor is running atl,440 RPM, calculate for
this speed : (i) the slip, (ii) the frequency of rotor induced emf, (iii) the value of the
rotor induced emf per phase, and (iv) stator to rotor turn ratio. t4]
6. a) What do you mean by V-curve and inverted V-curve for a synchronous rnotor?
Explainwithaneatdiagram ,..: .. ,,_.i., t6l
b) What are the advantages of rotating magnetic system and stationary arrnature system
in ac machine? t4l
c) Write short notes on the following: [2"4]
i) Universal motor
ii) AC servo motor
***

lrrr:t.;
 t'+:*.

26 TRIBHUVANUNIVERSITY Exam. OLD Back (2065 & Earlier Batch)

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks 80",.^,
Examination Control Division Programme BEL, BEX, BCT Pass Marks 32
2071 Year / Part II/II Time 3 hrs.

- Electrical Machinel (EG|77EE)

Candidates are to give their answers their own words as far as practicable.
/ Auempt any Five questions.
'/ Thefigures in the margin indicate Full Marks-.
/ Assume suitable data if necessary.
la) Why soft magnetic material is used to make transformer core or armatrue core of the electrical
bquipment? State and explain Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction.Describe different processes
. of EMF induced in a coil. l10l

b) A 30 cm long circular iron is bent into circular ring and 600 turns of windings are wound on it. The'
diameter of the rod is 20mm and relative permeability of the iron is 4000. A time varying current
I=5.Sin3l4t is passed through the winding. Calculate inductance and average value of the emf induced
in the coil. 16l

2a) A 25 kV A,250Y 12500V, 50 IIz single phase transformer gave the following test results:
No load test (ori L. V. side): 250V,1.4A, 105 watts
Short circuit test (on H. V.side): 120V, 8A, 320 watts
Calculate the equivalent circuit parameters referred to primary side and draw the equivalent circuit. [81

.b) Explain the operation oftransformer at different loa.ding conditions (resistive, inductive,
capacitive) showing their corresponding circuit diagram and phasor diagram. tSl

3.a) What is meant by transformer inrush curent? Discuss the term "doubling effect" in tansformer
in detail. 12+61
,b)A zl--Pole dc shunt generator has wave wound armature. The armature and field winding resistances
aie A.2O and 60O rcspectively. 'ftre brush contact drop contact drop is I volt per brush. The
generator is delivering a power of 3 kW at 120V.
Calculate:
a) Total armature current coming out from the brustu
b) Currcnt in each armafure oonductor.
c) Generator EMF (E). t2+3+31

4 a) Discuss the types of armature winding in dc machine in brief. Draw the sketch for lap winding in
which no. of slot = 12, no. of pole =2 and no. of commutator segnents =12. 14+41

. b) A 240V dc shunt motor has armature winding resistance of 0.4 Q and field winding resistance of
' 120O. It draws a current of 274 at half load and the corresponding speed is 600rpm.
i) If a registance of I Q connected in series with the armature winding keeping the load torque
constant tp halfload torque, calculate the new speed.
. ii) If a resistanci of lC) corurected in series with the armature winding and the load torque is
increased to full load torque, calculate the new speed. [4+41

5 a) What are the types of dc generator, discuss each type in brief. Explain loading characteristics of
compound dc,g.gnerator. [4+41
b) Explain two reaction model of salient pole synchronous machine. ISI

6 a) Howdoesvoltage build up .occurs in an induction gene.rator? Explain t8l

star connected rotor gives 500V between the tlip
' Aringl
b) 4-pole,50Hz, 3 phase induction
motor with -
at standstill. Calculate the magnitude and *equency of emf induced per phase in rotor circuit at a
speed of I460RPM; I8l
 t. rili:iri,t . ,
i, t:,i'i:.!:;,
,. , ,. l
r_ ., .,:*il
.i
*

i
, ...:l " l
:r-1.,:ri;i,., -,
I

4i TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY Exam. Net'Ilacli (2066 & Later Batch)

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks 80

Examination Control :Division Programme

BEX, BCT,
BME. BIE'
Pass Marks
207lMagh Year / Part II/II Time 3 hrs.

Subject: - Electrical Machine (88554)

,iL

r' Candidates are required to give their answers in their owr words as far as practicable.
r' Attempt All que.ttions.
{ Thefigyres in the margin indicate Full Marks.
y' Assume suitable data tf necessary.
..:- -..,.:.....,.:..i...,, .. ..-..-,:: l-*ffii-
1. a) A rectangular iron core is shown in figure l. It has a mean length of magretic path of
- ',:...1 100 cm, cross.s6ctign of (2 cm x 2 cm), refyiyp.pgr.meability of 1400 and an air-gap ,,_,, ,:r ri:'
of 5 mm cut in the core. The three coils canied by the core have number of tums,
' N" = 335, Nr : 600 and N. = 600; and the respective currents are 1.6 A, 4 A and 3 A.
'The directions of the4unents are as shown in the figure. Find the flux in the air-gap. t6l

Air Gap'

lc

Figure I
b) State Faraday's [,aws of electromagnetic induction. Distinguish between statically
induced emf and dynamically induced emf. , [6]
2. a) Explain the working of an ideal transformer under (i) no-load and (ii) loaded
conditions and derive expressions for voltage and current ratios relating to
hansformer turns ratio. 14+41

b) The following test results were obtained for open circuit and short circuit tests on a
8 kVA, 4001120 V, 50 Hz transformer: t8I
Open-circuifTest (LV Side) : 120 V,4 A, 75 W
Short-circuit Test (HV Side) : 9.5 V,20 A, I l0 W
Calculatq the equivalent circuit parameters referred to high voltage side. Also
calculate the efficiency at half full load and 0.8 power factor lagging load.
3. a) Explain the working principle of dc generator with neat diagrarn [3+3]
b) A short shunt compound generator supplies a load current of 100 A at 250 V. The
generator has the following winding resistances: shunt field 130 O, armature 0.1 Q
and the series field 0.1 O. Find the emf generated and the armature current, if the
brush drop is I V per brush. t6I
 ::,-;.,: ,lnixF-.i,l
, ':

4. a) Whatisbackemf?.HowdoesbackemfplayanimportantroleinDCmotor?[2+4)
b) Adc,shunt-motor,runsat.600RPMtaking60]Afroma230Vsupply.Anr1ature
resistance is 0.2 Q and field resistance is ll5 Q. Find the speed when the current
through the armature is 30 A. : t6]
5. a) Explain the torque-slip characteristics of an induction rfiotor. Show the condition for
.:, .

a:
which the maximum torque develops in the induction motor. [3+3J
i;i::ii:r l
r''i':
b) A 3-phase delta connected 440 volts, 50 Hz, 4-pole induction m.otor has a rotor stand-
lr'
still emf per phase of 130 volts. If the motor is running at 1,440 RPM, calculate for
i:r,, :r
:i: i:,r , this speed : (i) the slip, (ii) the frequency of rotor induced emt (iii) the value of the
:' r :.1
rotor induced emf per phase, and (ir) stator to rotor turn ratio. t4l
" 6.a) \llhat do'yoir';meah;by Vlcurvg.and inaertbC'rv"-cu'rvA for a'synchronoirs 6616i|:i ,:'r ',:";: 1;'.,,'ir.i j

Explain with a neat diagram. t6l -

. j... . .. b) What are the advantages of rotating rnagngtic System and stationary ar.m3fur-e $yst@rn . - - .. *t:i1i..
in ac machine? t4I
c) Write short notes on the following: l2x4l
D Universal motor
iD AC servo motor
***
.t
:

)
 26 TRIBHUVAN UMVERSITY Exam. OLD Back (2065 & Earlier Batch)
"" . INSTITUTE OF ENGINEEf,.ING Level BE Full Marks 80
. .:i .. -,

Examination Control Prograffie BEL, BEX, BCT Pass Marks 32

2071 Year / Part II/II Tfme 3 hrs.

| (EG5
Candidates are to give their in their own words as far as
Attempt any Five questions. l

Thefigures in the margin indicate Full Maiki,

Assume suitable data if necessary.

la) Why soft magnetic material is used to make transformer core or annature core of the electical
"equippitt? Stati and eipliiin Faradat's laws of electrompg4etic induction.Describe different processes
. of EMF induced in a coil. l10l
b) A 30 cm long circular iron is bent into circular nng an$ 600 turns of wind.ings ar-e wound on it. t'he"
" ..-::: i'
" l.ndiacueltir of thp rod is 20mm.end.relatiy-e ,penneability 9f the iron.is.4000. A,time*arying cur.rent i:r,,i.1r':i.;:
I=5.Sin3l4t is passed through the winding. Calculate induitance and average value of the emiinduced
inthecoil' [61
'' '1 Ir ' t
2a) A 25 kY 4 250Y f2500V, 50 ltz single phase transformer gave the following test results:
" - No load tbst (on L. V. Side): ^'' 250V,1.44 105 watts
Short circuit test (on H. V. side): 120V, 8A, 320 watts
Calculate the equivalent circuit parameters referred to primary side and draw the equivalent circuit. [81

.b) Explain thg operation of transfornier at differcnt loading condi.tions (rcsistiVe, inductive,
cipacitive) showing their corresponding circuit diagram and phasor diagram. I8l
3.a) What is meant by transformer inrush current? Discuss the term "doubling elfect" in tansformer
iri detail. 12+41
,b)A 4-Pole dc shunt generator has wave wormd armature. The.armature and field winding resistances
aie O.z0-and 60Cl respectively. The brush contact drop contact drop is I volt per bnrsh. The
generator is delivering apower of 3 kW at 120V.
Calculate:
a) Total armature cun€ot coming out from the brustr-
b) Current in each armature oonductor.
c) Generator EMF (E). , 12+3+31

4 a) Discuss Qe types of amratuie winding in d-c machine in brief. Draw the sketch for lap winding in
wlich no. of glot = 12, no. of pole = 2 and no. of commutator segments =12. 14+;41
'dc
. b) A 240V shunt motor has arrrature winding resistance of 0.4 Q and field winding resistance of
'- ' lzTdl'.It draws a currdt of 27Aat half loatl dnd the corresponding speed is 600rpm.
. i) If a registance of l'O cormected in series with the annature winding keeping the load torque
c,onstant tp halfload torque, calculate the new speed.
ii) If a resistancd of I C) connected in series with the armature winding and the load torque is
increased to full load torque, calculate the new speed. [4+41

5 a) What ers,the types of dc generator, discuss each type in brief. Explain loading characteristics of
,compound.{qglry.nrator. V+41
b),Expfain two reaction model of salient pole synchronous machine. ISI

6a)}trow.does.voltagebui1dupoccurs.inaninductiongenerator?Explaint8]
brA.4rpole 5OH?.3 phase induction motorwith rotor gives 500V between the slip
stEr connected
rings at standstill. Calculate the magnitude and &equency of emf induced per phase in rotor circuit at a
speedofl460RPM. r, ISI
*,t*
 tle-\
-S.\rzrnk-/l;. Pn

33 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY Exam. Rcgul:rr

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE FuIl Marks 80
Examination Control Division BEX, BCT,
Programme Pass Marks 32
BME. BIE
2070 Bhadra Year / Part il/il Time 3 hrs.

Subiect: - Electrical Machine (EEss4)

'/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
r' Attempt All guestions.
r' Thefigures in the margin indicate Full Marks.
{ Assume suitable data if necessary.

l. a) The flux in transformer remains practically constant from no load to full load. Justi$ the
statement. l4j
. b) Derive an eypression for Cuppving in an auto-transfonner.- .. : . . t4i
c) A 230 V I BA0 V single-phase transformer is excited by 230 V ac voltage. The equivalent
resistance and reactance referred to primary side are 0.1 Q and 0.4 O respectively. Given that
: :
& 500 O and Xs 200 O. The load impedance is (400 + j600) C). Calculate: (i) Primary
current and input power factor (ii) Secondary terminal voltage. t8I
2. a) Derive an emf equation for a dc generator. L4l
b) DC shunt generator shall be started keeping its output terminal open. Justifr the statement. t4l
c) A 4 pole, 250 V long shunt dc compound generator supplies a load of l0 KW at the rated
voltage. The armature, series and shunt field resistances are 0.1 Cr, 0.15 O and
250 O respectively. The armature is lap wound with 300 conductors.If the flux per pole is 50
mWb, calculate the speed of the generator. t8I
3. a) With the help of a neat sketch, explain the working principle of three terminal DC motor
starter, tsl
b) A dc series motor of resistance I Ct between terminals runs at 1,000 RPM at250 V with a
current of 20 A. Find the speed at which it will run when cannected in series with a 6 Q
resistance and taking the same current at the same supply voltage. tsI
A circular iron core has a cross-sectional area of 5 sq.cm. and mean length of 25 cm including
"J an air gap of 4 mm. The core is wound with 500 turns of winding. Calculate the inductance of
the coil. If a dc current of l0 Ampere passed through the coil, calculate magnetic flux in the
core. Given that relative permeability ofthe core is 2000. t6l
4. a) What will be the condition for ma:rimum torque and explain torque slip characteristics of
3-phase induction motor. t8I
b) A 3-phase, 50Hz induction motor has starting torque which is 1.25 times full load torque and
a maximum torque which is 2.5 times the full load torque. Neglecting stator resistance and
rotational losses and assuming constant rotor resistance. Find t81

i) slip at maximum torque

ii) the slip at full load
iii) the current at starting in per unit full load culrent
5. a) With the help of phasor diagrams, explain the effect of excitation in a 3-phase synchronous
motor. t8I
b) A 1200 KVA, 6600 V, 3-phase star connected stator of a synchronous generator has a
armature resistance of 0.4 C)/phase and synchronous reactance of 6 f)/phase. The generator
delivers full load current at pf of 0.8 lagging at normal rated voltage. Calculate the terminal
voltage for the same excitation and load current at 0.8 pf leading. t8l
***
\\ 33 TRIBHUVAN I.JNIVERSITY Exam. \or llitcli (2{)66 Jii l.:rtu'lirrlch)
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks EO

Examination Control Division BEX, BCT,

Programme Pass Marks 32
BME. BIE
2070 Magh Year / Part IIiII Time 3 hrs.

Subject: - Electrical Machine (EEss4)

{ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
r' Attempt All questions.
{ The/igures in the margin indicate Full Marlcs.
{ Assume suitable data tf necessary.

l. a) Explain the working of an ideal tansformer under (i) no-load and (ii) loaded
conditions and derive expressions for voltage and current ratios relating to
tansformer ratio. t8I
b) The following test results were obtained on a 20 kVA, 2200/220 V, 50 Hz single
phase transformer: t8l
Open-circuit Test (LV Side): 220 V , l.l A, 125 W
Short-circuit Test (HV Side): 52.7 V,8.4 A, 287 W
Calculate the equivalent circuit reffered to L.V side and draw the equivalent circuit.
2. a) Explain torque-armature current and speed-torque characteristics of DC shunt and DC
series motor. t8l
b) A 220Y dc shunt motor draws a current of 40A at full load and runs with speed of
l400rpm. Calculate the value of resistance required to be inserted in the armture
circuit so that speed drops to l200rmp at constant load. Given that R"=0.02ohm and
RrlOOohms. t8l
3. a) Explain why synchronous motor is not self starting? Explain the starting method using
damper winding. t8l
b) A 4-pole dc shurt generator has wave wound armature. The armature and field
winding resistance arc 0.2 ohm and 60 ohms respectively. The brush contact drop is
lV per brush. The generator is delivering a power of 3 kW at 120V. Calculate: t8l
i) Total armature current coming out from the brush
ii) Cunent in each annature conductor
iii) Generated EMF (E)
4. a) Explain the torque-slip characteristics of 3 phase induction motor. Show the condition
for which the marimum torque develops in the induction motor. Discuss the effect of
variation of rotor resistance on this maximum torque. t8I
b) A 8-pole, 50 Hz, 3 phase induction motor develops a starting torque of 50 N-. The
rotor winding has an impedance of (0.8+j2) Q per phase. At what speed the motor
will develop ma:rimum torque and calculate the magnitude of maximum torque. t8I
s. a) What do you trnderstand by double field revolving theory? Explain it with the help of
a neat diagram. t8l
b) A ring of 30 cm mean diameter is made up of round iron rod 2.5 cm in diameter. At
one end, a saw cut of I mm wide is made through it. It is uniformly wound with 500
turns of wire. Calculate the current required by the exciting coil to produce a total flux
of 4 mWb. Take relative permeability of iron as 800. Neglect leakage and fringing. t8l
*rl.*
 33 TRIBHUVA}.II.,MVERSITY Exam. Itcgul:rr' (206(r & [,atcr l];rtch)
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE f,'ull Marks 80
Examination Control Division. Programme
BEX, BCT,
Pass Marks 32
BME. BIE
2069 Bhadra Yehr/Part II/II Time 3 hrs.

- Electrical Machine
'/ Candidates are required to give their answers in'their own words as far as practicable.
,/ Attempt All questioru.
{ AII questions carry equal marks.
{ Assume suitable data if necessary.

1. a) Explain the no-load and loaded operation of an Ideal tansformer. Prove that the net
magnetic flux in the core remains lonstant at any load.
b) A magnetic circuit consists of a circular iron core having mean length of l0cm and
cross-s.ectional area of 10.0mm2. The air gap is 2mm and ttre core has 600 turns of
winding. Calculate the magnitude of current to be passed through the winding to
produce air gap flux of I Telsa. Given p, = 4000.
2. a) Explain the working principle of a d.c. motor and derive the equation of Torque
developed by the arrnature of the d.e. motor.
,b) A dc series motor with aqmature resistance of 0.06O, and field winding resistance of
0.040 is supplied by a 220Y source. If the motor draws 25A when rurming at
l200rpm, calculate the currerlt drawn by motor when running at 800 rpm.
3. a) Expla"in the Armature control method and field control method of speed control of DC
shunt motor.
b) A 4 pole dc shunt generator has armature and field winding resistance are of 0.2C) and
60C) respectively. The brush contact drop is tV per brush. The generator is delivering
apowerof 3KW atl20Y. Calculate:
i) Total armature current coming out from the brush
ii) Current in each armafure conductor
iii) Generated EMF(E)

:
4. a) Explain the armature reaction in a synchronous generator for resistive, inductive and
capacitive loading with necessary diagram
b) A-3phase, slip-ring, induction motor with star-connected rotor has an induced e.m.f.
of 120 volts between slip-rings at standstill with normal voltage applied to the stator.
The rotor winding has resistance per phase of 0.3 Ohm and standstill leakage
reactance per phase of 1.5 Ohm. Calculate the current/phase when running short-
circuited with 4% slip.
5. a) Explain the nature magnetic field created by signal phase induction motor with the
help of double field revolving theory and explain why single phase induction motor is
self starting
b) Write about the working principle of a signal stack stepper motor with neat diagram.
**t

I
 33 TRIBHUVAN L'NIVERSITY Exam. Nerr Back (2066 & Latcr llltch)
TNSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks 80
Examination Control Division BEX, BCT,
Programme BME, Pass Marks 32
BIE
2068 Magh Year / Part IIlII Time 3 hrs.

Subjecl: - Electrical Machine

,/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
,/ Auempt any Ftve questions.
'/ Thefigures in the mmgin indicate Full Marks.
./ Assume suitable data if necessary.
l. a) Explain the working principle of a single phase induction motor. What is the effect of
' air gap in the magnetic circuit? [5+3]
b) A cast steel ring has a circular cross section of 3cm in diameter and mean
circumference of 80cm. A lmm air-gap is cut in the ring which is wound with a coil of
600 turns. Estimate the current required to establish a flux of 0.75 mWb in the air-gap. t8]
Magnetization data:
H (AT/m) 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 r600
B(T) 0.1 0.32 0.6 0.9 1.08 1.18 1.27 r.32

2. 2) Explain the transforrner on load and no load with the phasor diagram of resistive and
capacitive load. t8l
b) Test data on a l-@,250/500V, 50Hz transformer are: t8I
O.C. Test: 250V, lA, 80W (carried on L.V. Side)
S.C. Test: zOV,l2A,100W (carried on H.V. side)
Then draw the equivalent circuit referred to primary side and find out the output
power to obtain maximum efficiency at 0.9 lag p.f.
3. a) A 500-KVA,3-@,50H2 transformer has a voltage ratio (line voltage) of 3311lKV and
is delta/star connected. The resistances per phase are: High voltage 35f), low voltage
0.8760 and the iron loss is 3050W. Calculate the value of efficiency at full-load and
one-half of futlJoad respectively at 0.8 p.f. t8I
b) Why the dc motor draws large current at starting? Justif it clearly and also describe
the working of 3-point dc motor starter. [3+5]
4. a) A short shunt compound generator delivers a current of 80A to the load at 220V. The
' shunt field, series and armature winding resistances are l00f),0.050 and 0.lQ
respectively. Calculate tLe ernf gererated by the armature. t8l
bl Draw and explain torque-slip characteristics of 3-O induction motor, showing clearly
V the starting torque, maximurrl tsrqlre md norrnal operating region. t8l
5. a)_ A 208V, ffiHZ 4 pole, 3€ induction motor has a firll-speed of 1755 rpm. t8l
' { Calculate: (i) asynchronous speed. (ii} fre slip and (iii) rotor frequency.
b) Write down the criteria for syncbronizing tw,o -?-@ alternators with the detail
explanation- t8I
6. Write short notes on: Iax4]
a) Capacitor starting of l$ induction motor
b) Armatr:re reaction in dc machine
e) Eddy current loss
d) Starting methods of synchronous motor
:1.** i
 33 TRIBHWANTJMVERSITY Exam. -!\!." Regular
INSTITI]TE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks 80
Examination Control Division .Programme BEX, BC"T, -
Pass Marks 32
BME. BIE '.

2468 Bhadra
;i ;: .! rt-r I :::!1 :l- : ,ri: ;
Year / Part II/II Time 3 hrs.

Subiect: - Elecn^ical Machine

/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
r' Auempt any Five qubstions.
'/ Thefigures in the margin indicate Futl Marhi.
/ Assume suitable data tf necessary.

I
1. State whether the following statements are true or false and justify them. [(1+3)x ]
a) Secondary of CT should not be kept open while the primary winding is energized.
b) DC series motor should always be started at no load.
c) Rotor core loss is often neglected in 3 phase induction motor.
d) Construction of auxiliary winding of I phase induotion motor is different from that of
the main winding.

2. a) of losses on the transformer. Also derive the expression for

Describe different types
the maximum efficiency of the kansformer. t8l
b) A 10 kVA, }OO14OOY,lOHZ,l phase, transformer gave the following test results:
19]
(tIV open): 200V
OC test 1.3A 12OW
SCtest(LV sort): 22V 30A 20OW . ,

Determine shunt and series branch parameters referred to Low Voltage Side and
I
hence draw equivalent circuit diagram also.
3- a) Explain working principle of DC generator in detail and hence derive the expression
t8I
b) A 200V, dc shunt motor drives a centrifugal pump where torque is propcirtional to the
squue of speed. The motor draw a current of 50A when running at 1000 rpm. What
value of resistance.must be inserted in the armature circuit to reduce the speed to
l

800 rpm. Given: Armature resistance (&) :

0.1Q and field winding resistance
(Rr) = 1000. t
[8]
4. a) What do you mean by excitation contol in syncbronous motor? How synchronous
l8l
b) A 8-pole, 50H2, 3-ph induction motor'develops a starting torque of 50N-m. ThL rotor
winding has an impedance of (0.8 + j4)O per phase..At what speed the motor will
develop mar<imum torque and calculate the magilitude cif ma:<imum torque. I8l

I
5. a) Why single phase induction motor are not self starting? Explain any two starting
methods for single phase induction motor. t8l

I
I
 "]
I

'1

b) For the mag4etic circuit shown below, cal,pulate the value of current 'I' required to
t8l
Lrlven: :: ::i!.,. + - ;.
X- sectional area ofcore = 16 sq.cm
-
:
Air gap length (ig) 0.06cm
Mean.length of core (/") = 40cm
Relative permeability (p) : 6000

l:24
I
N2 J5oo

Nr :6000

6. a) Explain the operating principle of stepper motor and servo motor. t8]
b) Describe the Torque-slip characteristics of a three phase induction motor. Also
explain the effect ofrotor resistance on T-S characteristics. tSl
!k !t {.
 26 TRIBHWAN TJNIVERSITY Exam. Resular / Back
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING LeveI BE Full Marks 80
Examination Control Division Programme BCT
BEL, BEX,
Pass Marks 32

2067 Mangsir Year / Part il1fi Tlrne 3 hrs.

Subiect: - Electrical Machine I

'/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
/ Auempt any Five questions.
'/ Thefi.gures tn the margin indicate Full Mailts.
/ Assiie suitable datalfnecessory.-

1. Justiff the following statements: $xa)

a) DC series motor should never be started on no-load.
b) It is not possible to operate star delta tansfonner in parallel with star-star or delta-
- delta transformer.
c) Induction motor cannot develop torque when rotor mns at synchronous speed.
d) Salient pole alternators are suitable for low speed whereas cylindrical pole altemators
for high speed.
2. a) What is meant by an instnrment transformer? How they differ in principle of
operation from that of power transformer? Explain with suitable diagram and
mathematical expressions. l8I
b) Two 1- phase transformers with equal number of tums have impendence of
(0.5 + j3)O and (0.6 + j10)A with respect to the secondary. If they operate in parallel,
determine how they will share total load of 100 kW at pf 0.8 lagging. t8I
3. a) Explain with reason, the suitability of DC series, DC shunt and DC compound motors.
Identify suitable DC motor for the following application: t8l
i) Electric traction ii) Vacuum cleaner
iii) Paper making iv) Shearing and punching
b) A long shunt compound generator has a shunt field winding of 1000 turns per pole,
series field winding of 4 tums per pole and resistance of 0.05Q. In order to obtain the
rated voltage both at no load and full load for operation as shunt generator, it is
necessary to increase filed current by 0.2A. The full load armature current of
compound generator is 80A. Calculate the diverter resistance connected in parallel of
series field to obtain flat compound operation. tBl
4. a) What are hystersis and eddy current losses? What are their significance in the
operation of electic machine? Write down different methods to reduce them. t8l
b) An iron ring of mean diameter 15cm and 10 sq-cm cross sectional area is wound with
200 tums of wire, There is an air gap of 2mm cut in the ring. For a flux density of
1 Wb/# and relative permeability of 500, find the exciting clurellt, the inductance
l.
t8l
5. a) ilff'::':"'li'flio,", motor adjust its crrrre,nt with rhe changes in shaft load?
Explain the effect of tlpe of connection of stator winding of slip ring induction motor. I8l
 I

- I

1
..1
b) A 3-ph induction motor has a ratio of maximum torque to full load torque as 2.5:1.
I
Determine the ratio of actual starting torque to full load torque for star delta starting.
Also calculate full load slip. [Given: rotor resistance per phase : 0.4O and rotor

6.
reactance per phase at stand still = 4OI
a) Explain two reaction theory of salient pole synchronous machines. Describe a method
t8l
I
of deterrrining direct and quadrature axis synchronous reactance of 3 phase

b)
sSmchronous machine.

A 6.6 kV star connected, 3 phase synchronous motor works at constant voltage and
t8l
I
constant excitation. It's synchronous reactance is 2OQlphase, when the input is t
100Kw and power factor is 0.8 leading. Find the power factor when the input is
I
increased to 1500kW. l8l
. **+ -'l

I I

I
I

-1
I

.t
I

I
I
'1

-']
I

I
1

26 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY Exam. Resular/Back

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks 80
Examination Control Division Programme
BEL, BEX,
Pass Marks 32
BCT
2066 Magh Year / Part II/II Time 3 hrs.

Subiect: - Electrical Machines I

'/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
,/ Attetnpt any Five questions.
'/ Thefigures in the margin indicate Full Marks.
,/ Assume suitable data if necessary.

1. a) Identify various tlpes of losses in a transformer. Derive the condition for maximum
efficiency of the transformer t8l
b) A circular iron core with mean length of 100cm and cross-sectional area of 50mm2
has 500 tums winding on the core. Calculate the flux density in the core if 10A
current flows in the coil. Take Ir.:2000 for the iron core and neglect saturation. t8]
2. a) Describe the open circuit test and short circuit test for a single phase transformer. tSl
b) A 4.2KVllzOY, 50 Hz, l-phase transformer has following series parameters:
R1 : 1.4C), X1 :3.5O, R.z:0.04Ct,X2:0.1C). If the kansformer draws 500A current
on the secondary at rated terminal voltage, calculate voltage regulation at unity power
factor. t8l
3. a) Explain the operating principle of a dc generator. Derive the expression of induced
emf across generator terminals. t8]
b) A dc series motor with armature resistance of 0.060, and field winding resistance of
0.040 is supplied by a 220Y source. If the motor draws 25A when running at L200
rpm, calculate the current drawn by motor when running at 800 rpm. t8]
4. a) Justify why the dc motor draws large current at starting. Describe the working of a
3-point dc motor starter. t8l
\) b) A 500 KVA, 50 Hz, 11KV/400V, 3-ph transformer has delta/star connection.
Calculate the current drawn by the transformer from primary side when it delivers full
load at rated terminal voltage at 0.8 lagging p.f. Assume ideal transformer operation. t8]
5. a) Describe the torque speed characteristics of an induction motor. Discuss the effect of
rotor resistance and applied voltage on T-N characteristics of such motors. t8]
b) A 3-phase , 440V,50H2, 5-pole induction motor draws 50KW at 0.85 lagging p.f.
from the source when connected to rated supply. If rotor rotates at 950 rpm, calculate
(i) rotor loss and (ii) overall efficiency of the motor. The friction loss and stator loss
are 2 KW and 1.5 KW respectively at this running condition. t8l
6. a) Derive the expression for electrical power of salient pole synchronous machine. Show
the.power angle characteristics for such machines. t8]
b) A 3-phase star connected, 5 MVA, 11 KV synchronous generator has armature
resistance of 0.12O and synchronous reactance of.2Q per phase. Calculate voltage
regulation if the generator delivers full load at rated terminal voltage at 0.9 lagging
p.f. Also find out generator power factor at which the voltage regulation is zero. t8]
***
 r-it':.:.!:.:
26 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY Exam- Resular/Back
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Pull Marks 80
Exa-'nination Control Division Programme
BEL. BEX,
Pass Marks 32
BCT
2065 Chaitra Year / Part u/il Time 3 hrs.

Subject: - Electrical Machine I tt

'/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
'/ Attempt any Five questions.
'/ Thefigures in the margin indicate Futt tv{arks
, '/ Assunrc suitable data if necessary.

l- a) Explain the utagnetic hysteresis and shoirhat energy spenr psr cr.cle per unit volume l
cqual to the area of hysteresis loop? ,lA|C,
:.. ,..,i
i,; llle corc cf an electitriraguet is tuade oi;rn irou rod lctl diai::e(ei:, beui into a circle
ljit.::l
'iii.E! of nrean diameter l0cm, a radial air gap:f lmm being left bei'veen the ends of the
.i:.L:.:i rod. Calculate the riirect current needed in coii of 2000 turns uuifomrly spaced around
t+il#i the core to produce a magnetic flux of 0.2nr u,b in the air gap- Assume that the
. relative pemreabilitl,of the iron is 150, ig.:r/
2. a) ExplainhorvrUfefficiencyofatransfornrer\:arieswithloadandde,-ivethecondition
t- il,r ;r:i;(i riiJt:r :i-f icienc','.
r
it r tT'.
i+ -it
b) A i phase 250/500 V, 50 Hz transfoi-nter ttr:e the follon'ing tesr results
opencircuit.test:250V,lA,80wonH'...Side'
Si:,:'l.c:r;:;ii t:si : l0Y, i23., 1,-rOW cn i..i/. Side
Calculate the:quiv.alent circuit pararnjifr and drarv the equi..'alenL cirurii reitrrei ic
lorv voltage side and high voltage side.
3- a) rdxplain the phenomenon of "building up-'of voltage in a dc shunt generator and ther-e
by state theconditions to be fulfilied forself excitation Atso e:<plain.the terms criticai
' " resistance and critical speed? lsrLr
nb)7'ac siiunt gerrerat,jr givcs'iriii'loati ouri)rit of i0 tiW ai a terirrilai vchage of 200V-
\-/ The armature and shunt field resistincei are 0,05C) and 50Q respectively. The iron
and friction los5es are 100W. Calculate (i) generated'emf (ii; copper Iosses (iii)
. efficiency, 19y'
4., {rdxplain rvhy the dc series nroto. cao hot be started rvithout some 4rechanical load?
u' -Also ciiscuss the armature control and iield control method for speed control oJ dc
a:-j:i-:t)]
shunt motor [2 +_i -.} r
I i'-i:{:-.'
/
bVA220V, series nlotor is running at.a speed of 800 rpm and drarv 100A. Calculate at
Y-' what spbed the motor rvill run develoJring half the torque- Total resistance of the
armature and field is 0. 1O. Assume that the magnetic circuit is unsaturated. {g?' .,
-,-\
5. {3)- Explain rvhy the rotor cor_€ loss in a ttret: pha;e induction-motor is negligible- rtt Z
.-!X6*ptuin tlre effect of .oio.'rdsistance on the torque slip iharacteristics of induction
mqtor? . ll/*
37,.{xplain the rotor rheoStarq nreihod of si>eed contgol of slipring induction nioror with
circuit diagr_am and T-S characteristic.
neat -:- tEl, "
i
l
6_ a) exptrin thc processof .yr"irro.,ir'lrrg rw,r 3 phase aliernltor with dark lamp method. .
''' [8]
b) Explain the starting method! o-[synchronous mo-toi? - t8l
I *a1

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