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    Load Balancing Presentation

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    processingqbits
    Load balancing is a technique to distribute workload across multiple computing resources to improve resource utilization, throughput, and response times while avoiding overload. A load balancer acts as a front-end server that receives requests and redirects traffic to back-end servers according to algorithms factoring in availability and load. Load balancing can operate at different layers including layer 2 through link aggregation, layer 4 using network address translation and port awareness, and layer 7 using reverse proxies that understand application-level requests. Persistence techniques like IP-based or cookie-based can ensure a user connects to the same server during a session. Load balancing is also applied to databases, DNS queries, and computing clusters.

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    Load Balancing Presentation

    Uploaded by

    processingqbits
    401 views14 pages
    Load balancing is a technique to distribute workload across multiple computing resources to improve resource utilization, throughput, and response times while avoiding overload. A load balancer acts as a front-end server that receives requests and redirects traffic to back-end servers according to algorithms factoring in availability and load. Load balancing can operate at different layers including layer 2 through link aggregation, layer 4 using network address translation and port awareness, and layer 7 using reverse proxies that understand application-level requests. Persistence techniques like IP-based or cookie-based can ensure a user connects to the same server during a session. Load balancing is also applied to databases, DNS queries, and computing clusters.

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    Load balancing is a technique to distribute workload across multiple computing resources to improve resource utilization, throughput, and response times while avoiding overload. A load balancer acts as a front-end server that receives requests and redirects traffic to back-end servers according to algorithms factoring in availability and load. Load balancing can operate at different layers including layer 2 through link aggregation, layer 4 using network address translation and port awareness, and layer 7 using reverse proxies that understand application-level requests. Persistence techniques like IP-based or cookie-based can ensure a user connects to the same server during a session. Load balancing is also applied to databases, DNS queries, and computing clusters.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    401 views14 pages

    Load Balancing Presentation

    Uploaded by

    processingqbits
    Load balancing is a technique to distribute workload across multiple computing resources to improve resource utilization, throughput, and response times while avoiding overload. A load balancer acts as a front-end server that receives requests and redirects traffic to back-end servers according to algorithms factoring in availability and load. Load balancing can operate at different layers including layer 2 through link aggregation, layer 4 using network address translation and port awareness, and layer 7 using reverse proxies that understand application-level requests. Persistence techniques like IP-based or cookie-based can ensure a user connects to the same server during a session. Load balancing is also applied to databases, DNS queries, and computing clusters.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Load balancing is a technique to distribute workload across multiple computing resources like servers, networks, databases etc. to optimize resource use, maximize throughput, minimize response time and avoid overload.

    Load balancing is a computer networking methodology to distribute workload across multiple resources to achieve optimal resource utilization, maximize throughput, minimize response time and avoid overload.

    Layer 2 load balancing works at data link layer and focuses on links/bandwidth. Layer 4 works at transport layer using IP/port. Layer 7 works at application layer and can read and route requests based on contents.

    Load Balancing

    Contents

    What is Load Balancing Load Balancer and Back-End Layer-2 Load Balancing Layer-4 Load Balancing Layer-7 Load Balancing Persistence DNS Load Balancing Database Load Balancing Load-Balancing Clusters More Software Solutions

    What is Load Balancing?

    Load balancing is a computer networking methodology to distribute workload across multiple resources to achieve

    optimal resource utilization maximize throughput minimize response time avoid overload

    Load Balancer and Back-End

    A Load Balancer (Front-End Server) is usually used Receives computed outputs from several BackEnd Servers In Multitier architecture, terminology of designs may include

    Stovepipes Bowties

    Load Balancer and Back-End

    Redirects traffic according to algorithm/availability/traffic but stays as a mediator between the user and the back-end servers

    Server Health Checking through Ping/TCP Connect/HTTP Get Header/HTTP Get Content Custom checks can be designed too

    Layer-2 Load Balancing


    Bonding Bond two or more links into a single, higherbandwidth logical link

    NIC Teaming Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)

    Layer 4 Load Balancer/Router

    MultiLayer Switch

    Practically a NAT with port and transaction awareness least load fastest response times balancing requests out if one machine is not up, the router will not send traffic to it

    Modern load balancing routers can use rules


    IPVS in the Linux Virtual Server (LVS)

    Layer-7 Load Balancing


    Reverse Proxy Parse requests in application layer and distribute requests to servers based on different types of request contents LoadBalancing.org recommends HAProxy for open-source

    Citrix netscaler and F5 are also said to dominate this market

    Also KTCPVS

    Layer-7 Load Switching

    Persistence

    When a user is directed to one server The user is kept redirected to that server Source IP Persistence

    Not good for multiple access behind one IP Good for HTTP but there are famous vendors that also do RDP Cookies (HAProxy)

    Cookie Based

    DNS Load Balancing


    Using the Zone File When the Server is down...


    Its DNS will not respond Quickest DNS responder will be the closest

    @ in a 192.0.2.1 one.example.org A 192.0.2.1 two.example.org A 203.0.113.2 www.example.org NS one.example.org www.example.org NS two.example.org

    Database Load Balancing


    Oracle RAC MySQL Cluster or through middle-ware like MySQL Load Balancing Proxy

    Load-Balancing Clusters

    Usually a group of computers connected in a LAN to make a Virtual Server More cost-effective than single computers with similar performance Some software used is

    MPI Library Beowulf, distcc, and MPICH. Linux Virtual Server, Linux-HA

    More Software Solutions

    Apache web server's mod_proxy_balancer extension Varnish (HTTP Accelerator/Reverse Proxy) Pound (Reverse Proxy/Load Balancer) Gearman (application framework designed to distribute appropriate computer tasks to multiple computers) Redundant Firewalls with OpenBSD F5 uses FreeBSD, RedHat Cluster, Linux-HA, Ultra Monkey, Linux Virtual Server

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