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    CT 1

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    avreblora5193val
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    CT 1

    Uploaded by

    avreblora5193val
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    Course task 1

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    CT.1

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    Course task 1

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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    3 views2 pages

    CT 1

    Uploaded by

    avreblora5193val
    Course task 1

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Week 4. CT 1.

    1.Explain the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis.

    •The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis is based on the premature activation of the


    enzymes zymogen and trypsinogen, resulting in local pancreatic destruction and activation of
    the inflammatory cascade, which causes the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)
    often associated with acute pancreatitis.

    2.What are the most common causes of acute pancreatitis?

    •Eighty percent of patients with acute pancreatitis have biliary tract disease or a history of long-
    term alcohol abuse. Other less common causes of pancreatitis include bacterial or viral
    infection, with pancreatitis occasionally developing as a complication of mumps virus. Many
    diseaseprocesses and conditions have been associated with an increased incidence of
    pancreatitis, including surgery on or near the pancreas, medications, hypercalcemia, and
    hyperlipidemia.

    3.How do the results of V.A.'s laboratory values relate to the pathophysiology of acute
    pancreatitis?

    •The patient’s calcium levels are low. Patients’ serum Lipase/Amylase enzymes are high in
    blood and urine, which is indicative of blockage in the pancreas. White blood cell count is high
    as well, also could be indicative of inflammatory response (neutrophils). The glucose is high also
    which is common in pancreatitis because it is not producing enough insulin.

    4.What causes hypocalcemia in acute pancreatitis? How does the nurse assess for
    hypocalcemia?

    • it is speculated that during initial development of pancreatitis that autodigestion of


    mesenteric fat by pancreatic enzymes and release of free fatty acids, which form calcium salts,
    transient hypoparathyroidism, and hypomagnesaemia. As the nurse if you notice muscle
    spasms, paresthesia, or altered mental state those all may be signs of hypocalcemia. The way to
    tell definitively though is a blood test.
    5.Describe the characteristics of the pain that occurs in acute pancreatitis.

    •Pain in the midepigastrium may be accompanied by abdominal distention; a poorly


    defined,palpable abdominal mass; decreased peristalsis; and vomiting that fails to relieve the
    pain or nausea.
    • Pain is frequently acute in onset (24 to 48 hours after a heavy meal or alcohol ingestion); may
    be more severe after meals and unrelieved by antacids.

    6.What complications can occur with acute pancreatitis?

    •Fluid and Electrolyte Disturbances, Pancreatic Necrosis and Shock and Multiple Organ Failure

    7.Why is V.A.NPO? What is the purpose of the NG tube?

    •The individual will have an easier time healing and getting the nutrients they need on a NG
    tube overwhole food items. They also can use the NG tube to remove excess gas and keep the
    area clear with suction.

    8. Identify the purpose of each medication prescribed for this patient.

    •Pantoprazole- Proton Pump Inhibitor which is used to decrease your amount of stomach acid
    and give relief when it is over concentrated such as in cases of GERD or acute pancreatitis. This
    can help relax the pancreas, calm the inflammation process and provide relief to the gastric
    mucosa.
    Morphine is an opiate used to treat someone in severe pain. The IV fluids are to ensure that the
    electrolyte balance is maintained in the patient since this can cause a deficit in calcium and
    dehydration can be prevalent with nausea and diarrhea that accompany this illness

    9.Priority Decision:Based on the assessment data presented,what are the priority nursing
    diagnoses? Are there anycollaborative problems?

    •Acute pain related to obstruction of pancreatic ducts evidenced by reports of severe upper
    abdominal pain

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