1- Lab Safety

Part 1: Personal Safety

 What other simple precautions can you take to prevent injury or cause equipment
damage while working with computer hardware?
1. Unplug the power supply before working to avoid electric shock.
2. Use an anti-static wrist strap to prevent static electricity from damaging
components.
3. Work in a well-lit area to avoid mistakes and accidents.
-
4. Use the correct tools to prevent injuries and avoid damaging parts.
5. Handle components carefully by touching only the edges to avoid damaging them.
6. Keep your workspace organized to reduce the risk of tripping or losing parts.
7. Store sensitive components in electrostatic discharge (ESD) bags to protect them.
8. Don't overtighten screws to avoid breaking parts or slipping with tools.
9. Ensure proper ventilation when working with equipment that may produce heat or
fum
10. Work on a stable surface to prevent hardware from falling and causing injury.
11. Keep your workspace dry to reduce the risk of electrical shock and damage.
12. Label cables and components to avoid confusion during reassembly.

Part 2: Electrical Safety

 What can you do to prevent injury or damage to printer parts?

To prevent injury or damage to printer parts;
1. Allow the printer to cool down before performing any maintenance, as certain parts can
become hot during use.
2. Avoid touching internal parts, like the fuser or toner area, as they may be extremely hot.
3. Always follow the manufacturer's instructions when replacing cartridges or maintaining the
printer.
4. Use the correct replacement parts to avoid damaging the printer.
5. Keep liquids away from the printer to prevent electrical damage or short circuits.

 What can you do to prevent injury or damage to power supplies for computers?

To prevent injury or damage to power supplies for computers:

1. Unplug the power supply before working on it to avoid electrical shock.

2. Wait for capacitors to discharge after unplugging, as they can store high voltage even when the device
is off.

3. Use a power surge protector to prevent damage from power surges or spikes.

4. Avoid opening or tampering with the power supply unit, as it contains high voltage components.

5. Ensure proper ventilation around the power supply to prevent overheating.

6. Replace damaged power cords or connectors immediately to prevent electrical fires or shocks.

Equipment Grounding
Perform an internet search to answer the following questions:
 How do you ground devices, such as PCs and printers?

To ground devices like PCs and printers, you typically use the grounding pin on the power plug.
Most modern electronics come with a three-prong plug that includes a ground pin, which
automatically connects the device to the building’s grounding system when plugged into a
properly wired outlet. Ensure that the outlets you're using are grounded correctly by checking
with a multimeter or consulting an electrician if necessary.

 How are large metal equipment racks grounded?

Grounding large metal equipment racks, such as server racks, involves connecting the metal
frame of the rack to a grounding bar. First, identify the grounding point on the rack, which is
usually a metal stud or terminal. Then, use grounding straps or cables to connect this point to
the grounding system of the building, ensuring that any electrical surges or static discharges are
safely directed into the ground. This protects both personnel and equipment from electrical
hazards, such as surges or static discharge. You also need to comply with standards like TIA-942,
which outlines grounding and bonding requirements for data centers

Part 3: Fire Safety

Use a web browser or a fire extinguisher to review the proper procedure to use a fire extinguisher to
answer the following questions.
Questions:

 How does the memory aid P-A-S-S help with remembering the basic rules of fire extinguisher
operation?

The P-A-S-S acronym is a simple and effective way to remember how to use a fire extinguisher:

 Pull the pin: This unlocks the extinguisher so it’s ready to be used.
 Aim at the base of the fire: Target the fuel source at the bottom of the flames, not the
flames themselves.
 Squeeze the handle: This releases the extinguishing agent.
 Sweep side to side: Move the nozzle back and forth across the base of the fire to cover
the area evenly and fully extinguish the flames

o Type your answers here.

 Each type of fire extinguisher has specific chemicals to fight different types of fires. List the different
types of fire extinguishers used in your country or region.

Fire extinguishers in most regions, including Bangladesh, follow a standard classification

system:

1. Class A (Water-based): For fires involving ordinary combustibles like wood, paper, and
fabric.
2. Class B (Foam or dry powder): Used for fires involving flammable liquids like oil,
gasoline, or paint.
3. Class C (Dry powder or CO₂): For electrical fires.
4. Class D (Specialized dry powder): For fires involving metals.
 5. Class F (Wet chemical): Primarily used in kitchens for fires involving cooking oils

Part 4: Compliance with Government Regulations

Health and Safety Laws
 Perform an internet search to locate the governing body for health and safety in the
workplace for your country. Record the official title and link to the website.

Building Codes
 Perform an internet search for your local building codes. List of some of the building codes
that is adopted locally.

Environmental Regulations
 A business has replaced 50 laptops and looking for a way to disposed of them properly.
Find a local facility that can disposed of them properly and describe what will the local
facility do with the laptops.

Reflection Questions
In your opinion, what is the most important safety rule when servicing a computer? Explain.

In Bangladesh, the Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments (DIFE) under the
Ministry of Labour and Employment is the main governing body responsible for workplace
health and safety regulations. The Bangladesh Labour Act (2006) and the National Occupational
Safety and Health (OSH) Policy (2013) set the guidelines for maintaining workplace safety,
focusing on electrical safety, fire hazards, PPE usage, and accident prevention. Employers are
required to ensure that electrical installations are safe and regularly inspected, especially in high-
risk industries like garment manufacturing(

International Labour Organization Rivermate

For building codes, they focus on ensuring safe structures during construction and use,
addressing electrical and fire safety. Local building regulations typically adhere to the National
Building Code, emphasizing safety standards for wiring and electrical components.

To dispose of old laptops in Bangladesh, you can contact e-waste recycling facilities that
specialize in refurbishing or properly disposing of electronics. These facilities often extract
valuable materials like metals and safely recycle hazardous components to minimize
environmental impact.

The most important safety rule when servicing a computer, in my opinion, is to ensure the
equipment is powered off and unplugged before beginning any maintenance work. This step
prevents electrical shock and damage to both the technician and the hardware.

2 - Ohm's Law

Answer the following questions based on electricity and Ohm’s Law. Show all steps when
solving problems.
a. What are the four basic units of electricity? Provide the variable name and symbol, and
unit name and symbol.

Voltage (V)

Variable: 𝑉

Unit: Volt (V)

Current (I)

Variable: 𝐼

Unit: Ampere (A)

Resistance (R)

Variable: 𝑅

Unit: Ohm (Ω)

Power (P)

Variable:P

Unit: Watt (W)

Type your answers here.

B Write the equation for Ohm’s Law.
V= IR
Type your answers here.
C Re-arrange the Ohm’s Law equation to solve the following:
I = V/R

your answers here.

R =V/I

ype your answers here.

D Power is equal to voltage multiplied by current. Add the missing information in each of the
following power equations.
P = VIType
your answers here.
P = RI2Ty
pe your answers here.
P = V2 /RTyp
e your answers here.
E The yellow wire connected to a power supply carries 12V. If the power supply provides 60W
of power to the yellow wire, how much current is passing through the yellow wire?

P= 60, V=12 , I= P /V= 5A

Type your answers here.
F There are 3.3V passing through an orange power supply cable, and there are 0.25 ohms of
resistance in the orange wire. How much power is supplied to the orange wire by the power
supply?
P= 43.56 W
= Ppp

r answers here.
G A wire from the power supply carries 120W of power and 24A of current. What is the voltage
supplied to the wire by the power supply?
V= 5V

Type your answers here.

End of document

3- Inside view of a desktop computer

 Open the desktop computer and observe the different components installed. And fill the
below table for easiness of the reader first row is already filled.

Observation Usage
1. RAM Used to store and retrieve information at a faster rate.
2.processor Provides the instructions and processing power the computer needs to
3. CPU workProcess the information,
Process the information, is considering
is considering the brain
the brain of theofcomputer.
the computer.
4. Hard Drive Save the information and computing data.
5.Vedio card Responsible of what you see on the monitos.
6.Wireless card A wireless card installed on an industrial computer is used to enable
7.Power Supply wireless connectivity
Converts to the
the power from theinternet.
wall outlet to the type of power needed by
8. Sound card the
is responsible for what you hearwhat
computer. s responsible for you
in the hear inor
speakers theheadphones
speakers or
9. Bluetooth card Bluetooth is a technology for wireless communication over short
10. Motherboard distancesThe
The motherboard
motherboard connects connects
directly ordirectly or indirectly
indirectly to every
to every part of thepart
11. OsD computer. Optical Storage
Optical Storage Devices, DVD Devices, DVD
 Observe the cables and connectors inside a computer and fill in the below table.
For the easiness of the reader, the first row is already filled. You may need the Internet
in this exercise to answer the questions.
Cable name Where does it connect? Number of pins
Molex Used to power hard drives, optical drives, etc. 4 pins
2.
DVI Connect graphic card with monitor 24 pin
. HDMI It was developed for high definition screen
VGA Connectors for analog vedio 15 pin
RCA Is has a connectors around and used to carry
vedio
USB It’s a standard device that connects peripheral
devices.
PS 2 It connects a keyboard or a mouse to a computer 6 pins
Network Provide internet to the computer, 8 pins
SATA Conect with hard disk and other devices 7 pins
IDE It connects storage devices inside the computers 34/40 pins
Thunderbolt Allows for high speed connections of peripherals
such as hard drives, RAID arrays, network
interfaces.