Half Yearly Question Bank 2020-21

SST
Std-4

Chapter 1
Physical features of India
Answer the following questions
1. Describe the shape of India.
Ans. In shape, India is broad in the middle and narrow towards the
South, forming a triangular shape.

2. Name the neighbouring countries of India.

Ans. The neighbouring countries of India are China, Nepal, Bhutan,
Bangladesh, Myanmar, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka and
Maldives.

3. How many states and union territories are there in India?

Ans. There are 28 states and 9 union territories in India.
4. What are the five physicaldivisions of India?
Ans. The five physical divisions of India are
 The northern mountains
 The northern plains
 The great Indian Desert
 The southern plateau
 The coastal plains

5. Why is Indian Ocean named after India?

Ans. The Indian Ocean is named after India because India holds a
Central location which is at the head of the Indian Ocean.
6. Why India is called a peninsula?
Ans. India is called so because it is surrounded by the Indian
Ocean on the south and Arabian sea on the west and the Bay of
Bengal on the east.

Inside Questions.
1. Name the three water bodies that surrounded India
Ans. The three water bodies that surrounded India are
 The Arabian sea in the west
 The Bay of Bengal in East
 The Indian Ocean in South

2. India lies in which continent?

Ans. Asia

3. Name the two group of islands of India.

Ans.
 Andaman Nicobar island in the Bay of Bengal
 Lakshadweep islands in the Arabian sea

4. Define physical divisions.

Ans. The area of land which is similar in features climate,
natural vegetation and general way of life is called physical
division.
 Chapter 2
Northern Mountains

Answer these questions

1. Name the three main ranges of Himalayas
Ans. Thethree ranges of Himalayas are
 The greater Himalayas or Himadri
 The middle Himalayas or Himachal
 The southernmost Himalaya or Shiwaliks

2. Which major rivers originate from the Himalayas?

Ans. TheGanga, the Indus and the Brahmaputra are the three
major rivers which originate from Himalayas.

3. Name the prominent hills of the Purvanchal Himalayas?

Ans. The prominent hills of Purvanchal Himalayas are
Naga, Garo, Khasi-Jaintia, Mizo and Lushai Hills.

4. Name the chief agricultural products of Kashmir

Ans. Thechief agricultural products of Kashmir are
rice,maize,rajma ,potatoes and vegetables

5. Why do people visit pilgrimage centres?

Ans. People visit pilgrimage centres to develop spiritual and
mental strength for peace of mind and soul.

6. Why are the Himalayan Rivers perennial in nature?

Ans. Most of the Himalayan Rivers are perennial in nature because
they originate from the snow-capped glaciers or mountains in the
Himalayas.
 During summer the snow melts and the rivers get continuous
supply of water thus they have water in them throughout the
year.

Inside questions
1. Name the highest mountain ranges in the world.
Ans. Himalayas

2. What is the other name of greater Himalayas.

Ans. Himadri

3. Who were the first men to climb Mount Everest?

Ans. Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary of New Zealand are the
First men to climb Mount Everest.

4. Name some famous hill stations at Himachal region.

Ans. Shimla, Srinagar, Kangra, Kullu and Darjeeling .

5. What are passes? Who guards this passes?

Ans. The narrow gaps in the mountains are called passes. Our army
Guard these passes.

6. How Himalayan Mountains help us?

Ans. The Himalayan Mountains help us in many ways
 The Himalayas guards our Northern border and so
they play a great role in the defence of India.
 The Himalayas check the rain-bearing monsoon
winds and cause heavy rainfall in many parts of our
country.
 Forests provide us with wood and other useful
products.Manytypes of trees like fir, oak, pine and
deodar is found here.
 Name the following

1. Two famous pilgrim centres of Uttarakhand

Ans. Badrinath and Kedarnath

2. Two famous tourist spot of Jammu and Kashmir

Ans. Gulmarg and Pahalgam

3. The main tribes of Meghalaya

Ans. Khasis and Garos

4. Two famous popular pilgrim centres of Kashmir

Ans. Amarnath caves and Vaishno Devi

5. Two tribes of Sikkim

Ans. Lepcha and Bhutia

6. The main languages of Tripura

Ans. Bengali, Kokborak

7. The abode of snow

Ans. Himalaya

8. Which state is surrounded by Bangladesh?

Ans. Tripura
 Chapter 3
The Northern Plains
Answer the questions.
1. Name the three river basins of the northern plain.
Ans. The three river basins in India are
Satluj river basin
Ganga river basin
Brahmaputra river basin

2. Which three river basins combine to form the Ganga in upper

reaches of the Himalayas?
Ans. The three rivers which combine to form the Ganga in
upperreaches of Himalayas are
 The Bhagirathi
 Mandakini
 Alakananda

3. How is the Sundarbans formed?

Ans. The Ganga and Brahmaputra before falling into the Bay of
Bengal form the largest delta of the world is called the
Sundarbans.

4. Describe the popular food, dress and festival of Punjab.

Ans.The popular food of Punjab is Makke-ki-roti and sarson
ka saag.
Men wear dhoti kurta and lungi while women wear
salwar kameez and dupatta. Baisakhi and Guru Parvas
are important festival of Punjab
 5. Why Sangamat Allahabad is considered an important holy
place?
Ans. The Sangam at Allahabad is considered an important holy
place because at this place Yamuna river joins Ganga and
Saraswati river.
Pilgrims offer their prayers and worship and they take
holy bath in Sangam at Allahabad.

6. Describe the popular food, dress and festival of West

Bengal.
Ans.Food:Rice , Fish are the staple food.
Dress:Saree is the main dress of Bengali women and men
wear dhoti kurta.
Festival: Durga Puja is the main festival of West Bengal

7. Describe the historical significance of Delhi

Ans. Delhi is the great historical significance as an important
Commercial, transport and cultural hub as well as the
Political centre of India.
Inside questions
1. Why are Northern plains fertile?
Ans. Northern plains are fertile because they are rich in alluvial soil
In most parts.
2. Why is the northern plain known as rice bowl of India?
Ans. The northern plains are the largest and most fertile plains of
the world. This area is called the rice bowl of India as most of
the India's rice is grown here.

3. What is the Ganga action plan?

Ans. The government started a project to clean the Ganga river
And prevent its further pollution. This is known as Ganga
Action plan.
 4. What is Brahmaputra called in Tibet?
Ans. The Brahmaputra is called Tsangpo in Tibet.

5. Why Punjab is called the land of five rivers?

Ans. Punjab is called the land of five rivers because Ravi, Satluj,
Beas, Jhelum &Chenab flow through the state.

6 Which place of Punjab is famous for sports goods?

Ans .Jalandhar

7 Who founded the famous Shantiniketan in West Bengal?

Ans . Rabindranath Tagore.

8 Which is the chief mode of transportation in Delhi?

Ans. Delhi metro rails

9 Which two famous religious leaders are related to Bihar and how?
Ans (i) Lord Mahavira was born in Bihar
(ii)Lord Buddha received enlightenment at Bodhgaya.

Name the following

1. Two languages of Punjab- Punjabi, Hindi
2. Pilgrimage place for the Sikhs- Amritsar
3. A place of Haryana famous for big cattle- Fair Hissar
4. Two languages of Haryana - Haryanvi and Hindi
5. Main festival of Haryana-- Teej
 Chapter 4
The Great Indian Desert

Answer the following questions

1. Describe the location and extent of the Thardesert.
Ans. The Great Indian Desert or Thar desert is located in the
Southwestof northern plains, it spreads from Aravalli hills to the
border of Pakistan in the west and from Rann of kachchh in the
Southwest to border of the Haryana in the north.

2. What is sand dune?

Ans. Sand dunes are small mounds of sand. They are formed when
wind shift sands from one place to another.

3. Describe the important festivals celebrated in Rajasthan

Ans. Dussehra, Diwali, Holi and Eid celebrated in Rajasthan reason
for festival in which women take part heartily while swaying on
swings and singing songs. Ghumar dance is the famous folk dance
performed by the women on festive occasions.

4. How was the Indira Gandhi canal helped the farmers of Rajasthan?
Ans.The water from satluj has been brought to the desert through
theRajasthan canal also called the IndiraGandhi canal.It waters
Ganga nagar and Bikaner districts.Many areas around Rajasthan
Canalhave turned green with the plantingof trees and other kind
of vegetation.

5.Name important places of tourist attraction in Rajasthan

Ans. The important places of tourist attraction in Rajasthan are
Udaipur, Jaipur, Amber fort, Hawa Mahal , Mount Abuand Dargah of
Ajmer and Pushkar lake
6. Why is the climate of Thar desert harsh?
Ans. The climate in the Thar desert is like any otherdesert hot in the
day and cool at night. The summer days are really hot and nights are
cool but the winter days are warm and the nights are cold. In the
summer there is a little or norain.

Inside questions
I. Define
Sand storm- Strong winds blow away sand with great speed they
are called sandstorms.
II. Answer the following:
1. Why there is little rainfall in the Great Indian Desert?
Ans. The Aravali hills lie in the direction of the rain bearing wind
And not able to stop the wind to cause rain.

2. What is soil erosion?

Ans. The wind causes great damage to the soil they blow away the
Top soil. This type of damage to the soil is called soil erosion

3. Name India's largest Salt Lake

Ans. Sambhar Lake

4. Name world's longest canal?

Ans. Indira Gandhi canal

5. Why the camel is called the ship of the desert?

Ans. The camel is called the ship of the desert as it can move
easily on the sand and is used as the chief means of transport in
the desert. Its padded hooves do not sink into the sand.
6. Who was the founder of Jaipur?
Ans. Raja Jai Singh was the founder of Jaipur

7. Why Jaipur called the pink city?

Ans. Jaipur is the capital of Rajasthan.It is called the pink city as
most of the buildings are pink colour

III. Name the following question

1.Famous folk dance of Rajasthan-Ghumar
2.Language of Rajasthan - Rajasthani (is a dialect of Hindi)
3.Hill station of Rajasthan -Mount Abu
4. Festival of Rajasthan in women take part -Teej and Gangau

Chapter 5
The Southern plateaus

Answer these questions

1. Describe the location and extent of the Southern plateau?

Ans. The southern plateau lies to the south of the northern plains it is
found by the Western Ghats in the west and by the Eastern Ghats in
the east.It is bounded by the Aravalli hills in the Northwest and by
the rajmahal hills in the northeast.

2. Why do the rivers of Deccan plateau flow from west to east?

Where do they fall into?
Ans. The rivers of Deccan plateau flows from west to east the reason
is that the Deccan plateau flow from west to east they fall into the
Bay of Bengal
3. Why is Bengaluru famous for?
Ans. Bengaluru is famous for the parks and industries recently
computer industry has made it world famous it is now called Silicon
Valley of the East

4. Which important crops are grown in Maharashtra?

Ans. Important crops are grown in Maharashtra are cotton Jowar
Bajra brown sugar cane and fruits like orange grapes and mangoes

5. Why are Perambur and Kanchi Puram famous.

Ans. The integral coach factory at Perambur makes railway coaches.
Kanchi Puram is famous for its silk sarees.

6. Tamil Nadu is famous for its temple explains?

Ans. Tamil Nadu is famous for itstemple. Some of the famous
temples are Meenakshi temple Madurai Nataraja temple
Chidambaram and Rameswaram temple

7. Describe the tourist hotspots of Madhya Pradesh

Ans. The main tourist hotspots of Madhya Pradesh are Gwalior fort,
Sanchistupa and Khajuraho temples
Inside Questions.
1. Name the highest waterfall in India.
Ans. The Jog fall

2. Why Godavari is regarded as Dakshin Ganga?

Ans. Godavari is considered as one of the most sacred river of India
that is why it is regarded as Dakshin Ganga
3. What does the central highlands consist of?
Ans. The central highlands consist of Malwa plateau and Chhota
Nagpur plateau.

4. Why Bengaluru is known as garden City?

Ans. Bengaluru is known as the garden city because of its many
parks.

5. What is Panna at Madhya Pradesh famous for?

Ans. Panna is famous for diamond mines.

6. Mention the famous tourist attraction of Hyderabad

Ans. Charminar and a huge statue of Lord Buddha in the Hussain
Sagar Lake are famous tourist attractions in Hyderabad.

Name the following

1. Popular dance of Maharashtra-Lavani
2 Two gold mines in Karnataka –Kolar, Hutti
3 Traditional folk theatre of Karnataka- Yakshagan

Chapter- 6
The Coastal Plains and Islands

1. Describe the extent of the Western Coastal Plain.

Ans. The Western Coastal Plain starts from Gujarat and ends at
Kanniyakumari. It lies between the Western Ghats and the
Arabian Sea.
2. Name five important ports located along the Indian
coastline.
Ans. Mumbai, Kochi , Kolkata , Chennai and Visakhapatnam.
3. Which three water bodies meet near Kanniyakumari?
Ans. The Bay of Bengal, the Indian Ocean and the Arabian Sea
are the three water bodies that meet near Kanniyakumari.
4. Describe the main features of the life and culture of Odisha.
Ans:
 Odisha is rich in minerals like iron, coal and
manganese. Jute and rice are the main crops.
 People are engaged in farming, fishing and mining.
 Odia is the language spoken in Odisha and Odissi is the
popular classical dance of Odisha.
 It has many tourist places like Puri, Konark, Chilika
Lake, etc.

5. Why are tourists attracted to Lakshadweep islands?

Ans. Tourists are attracted to Lakshadweep islands to enjoy its
sun drenched beaches and the beauty of the lagoons.

6. What do you know about Mumbai High?

Ans. The seabed off the Konkan coast has a very rich oilfield
called Mumbai High.

7. State the importance of Vivekananda Rock Temple built at

Kanniyakumari in the midst of the sea.
Ans. Vivekananda Rock Temple was built in 1970 in honor of
Swami Vivekananda who is said to have attained
enlightenment on this rock.
 Inside questions
1. Which part of India is called the Malabar Coast?Where it lies?
Ans: The southern part of the Western coastal plain is called the
Malabar Coast. It lies between Goa and Kanniyakumari.

2. What is the northern Circars and Coromandel Coast?

Ans.The northern part of the eastern coastal plain is called the
Northern Circars.
The southern part of the eastern coastal plain is called the
Coromandel Coast.

3. Write a short note on Puducherry.

Puducherry is a Union territory which is to the south of Tamil
Nadu. it was earlier known as Pondicherry.
It was ruled by French for many years.
It lies on the Coromandel Coast south of Chennai.
4. Mention about Indira Point.
The southernmost point of the Andaman and Nicobar Island is
called the Indira point.
Due to the tsunami in 2004Indira point is partially submerged

Name the following

1. Festive dance of Goa-Mando
2. Main festival of Karnataka-Dussehra and Ugadi
3. Classical dance of Kerala-Kathakali
4. Festival of Goa-The Carnival
5. The lifestyle of people in Lakshadweep Island is same as that of –
keratitis
 Chapter – 7
(The Climate of India)
1. What are the three main seasons in India?
Ans. The three main seasons in India are summer, monsoon and
winter.

2. Why is the temperature low in hills?

Ans. The temperature is low in hills because the temperature falls
with increase in height above the sea level.

3. Name any four hill stations of India.

Ans. The four hill stations of India are Mussoorie, Shimla,
Darjeeling and Ooty.
4. Why is India dependent on the rainy season?
Ans. Rainy season is very important for agriculture because crops
depend on rain.

5. How are human activities causing a change in climate?

Ans. Human activities like deforestation, industrialization and
greenhouseeffect lead to global warming which causes a change
in climate.
6. Why is the climate of Mumbai different from that of Chennai ?
Ans.
Mumbai Chennai
In June – September, it rains In June – September, the
due to South West Monsoon weather is cooler but no rains
wind. Weather is wet and because of the western Ghats.
damp.
In October – January, weather In October – January, it rains
is cooler. because of the North East
 retreating winds.

Inside Question
1. What are the different types of landforms?
Ans. Landforms like mountains, plateau and plains.

2. Why is the humidity high in coastal areas?

Ans. The humidity is high in coastal areas because of the
moisture in the atmosphere.
3. What do you mean by weather?
Ans. Weather is the condition of air surrounding us.
4. What do you mean by climate?
Ans. Climate is the average weather condition of a place.

Fill in the blanks

1. Dust storms are very common in desert region.
2. Famers eagerly wait for the rains as their crops depend on rain.
3. Heavy snowfall occurs in the Himalayas.
4. The lifestyle of the people depends on the climate of the place.

CHAPTER – 8
(Soil)
1. Why do the northern plains have very fertile soil?
Ans. The Northern Plains have very fertile soil because the
Himalayan rivers bring with them large quantities of alluvium and
this is the deposited on the river banks of the Northern Plains.
This alluvial soil is very fertile.
2. Name the crops grown in the alluvial soil.
Ans. Rice, wheat, sugarcane, pulses, jute and vegetables grow in
the alluvial soil.
3. The soil formed from lava rocks is suitable for which kind of
crops?
Ans. The soil formed from lava rocks is suitable for cotton and
sugarcane.
4. What type of soil is found in the mountains?
Ans. In the mountains, the soil is very coarse. It contains gravel
and pieces of stones. It is mostly brown, red and yellow coloured.
5. Give the cause of soil erosion.
Ans. Cutting down of trees, putting out grasses, rainwater and
strong winds are the causes of soil erosion.
6. How can we prevent soil erosion?
Ans. We must take the following steps to prevent soil erosion, like
 We should control cutting down of trees.
 We should plant more trees.
 Embankments should be built around fields

7. Why is black soil suitable for growing cotton?

Ans. Cotton cultivation requires high moisture retention and black
soil is clayey in nature which is suitable for the growth of cotton.

Inside Question
1. What is soil?
Ans. Soil is the uppermost layer of the Earth’s crust.
2. Name the main different types of soil.
Ans. The main different types of soil are alluvial soil, black soil, red
soil, mountain soil, desert soil and laterite soil.
3. Why is the red soil red in colour?
Ans. The red soil is red in colour because of the presence of iron.
 4. Name the crops grown in desert soil.
Ans. The crops grown in desert soil are wheat, gram, dates, etc.

5. Where do we find laterite soil?

Ans. The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and
heavy rainfall.

Fill in the blanks

1. It takes about 100 to 1000 years to form 1cm of soil.
2. Mountain soil is suitable for orchards.
3. The soil in the desert areas is sandy.
4. Laterite soil is useful for growing tea, coffee, rubber and
cashewnut.

Chapter – 9
Forest and wildlife of India

1. What is the natural vegetation?

Ans. Trees, shrubs, creepers, flowers and grasses which grow
on their own are called natural vegetation.
2. Describe the characteristics of Coniferous Forests.
Ans. The characteristics of Coniferous forests are :-
 They are found in the higher Himalayan Mountains
 Coniferous trees are tall and pointed and have needle-
shaped leaves.
 These trees bear cones.

3. Where are tidal forests found in India?

Ans. Tidal forests are found in the deltas of the Ganga,
Mahanadi and Godavari.
 4. Describe the Chipko Movement. Which values nurtured
by people led to this movement.

Ans. Forest conservation movement is called the Chipko

Movement. It was started in the villages of Chamoli. It
gained momentum under the leadership of Sunderlal
Bahuguna and Gaura Devi.
People hugged the trees to prevent them from being cut
which led to this movement.
5. Differentiate between deforestation and afforestation.
Deforestation Afforestation
 Cutting down trees on a  Planting of trees on a large
large scale. scale.

6. Why do trees of coniferous forests have needle-shaped

leaves? Why are they conical in shape?
Ans.
 Trees of coniferous forests have needle-shaped leaves
because they retain more water and are covered with a
waxy coating, preventing water loss.
 They are conical in shape to get the snow to fall off the
tree quickly and get sunlight.

Inside Questions
1. What are forests?
Ans. Large areas where trees grow on their own, very close to
each other, under natural conditions are called forests.

2. Name the five different types of forests.

Ans.
 Evergreen forests
  Deciduous forests
 Thorny forests
 Tidal forests
 Coniferous forests

3. Name two examples of evergreen trees.

Ans. Two examples of evergreen trees are Ebony and
Mahogany.
4. Which trees wood is used for making furniture?
Ans. The wood of deciduous forests trees are used for making
furniture.
5. What is the special feature about the trees in Thorny
forests?
Ans. The special feature about the trees in Thorny forests is
that they can leave without water for a long time.
6. Why the delta of Ganga- Brahmaputra is is called the
Sunderbans?
Ans. A tree called Sundari is found in the Ganga delta so the
Ganga- Brahmaputra delta is called the Sunderbans.

7. What is ecosystem?
Ans. The plants and animals in an area and their inter-
relationship with each other and their surroundings is called
ecosystem.

8. Who are poachers?

Ans. Poachers are people who kill animals to sell their body
parts.

Chapter -10
Our water resources
1. What are various sources of irrigation?
Ans. The various sources of irrigation are dams, canals, well
and tanks.

2. What is a dam? How is it useful?

Ans. A dam is a barrier of concrete and iron structure built
across a river in order to stop the water from flowing.
It helps to control floods as they have gates which can be
opened or closed, when required. The stored water in the
dam is supplied to fields via canals.

3. Why dams are called ‘Multipurpose projects’?

Ans. Dams are called ‘Multipurpose projects’ because of their
different uses.
 Water falling from great heights of a dam is used to
produce Hydro-electricity.
 It helps to control floods as they have gates which can
be opened or closed, when required.

4. Why is there an opposition to building of dams?

Ans. There is an opposition to building of dams as they tend to
destroy many villages and also caused destruction to reach
farmland and forest areas.
5. How is river water polluted?
Ans. Washing dirty clothes, throwing industrial wastes into the
rivers, bathing of animals, etc. pollute the river water.
6. Why did Pt.Nehru called the dams ‘Temples of modern
India’?
Ans. Pt. Nehru called the dams ‘ Temples of modern India’
because the construction of large dams would solve many
problems of India like generation of electricity , water for
irrigation to the farmers , supply water to household and
industries.

Inside Questions
1. Write the uses of water.
Ans. Water is used for cooking, drinking, cleaning, washing,
etc.
2. Name the main source of water.
Ans. Rain is the main source of water.
3. Name two major multipurpose projects of India.
Ans. The two major multipurpose projects of India are The
Bhakra Nangal Dam and The Hirakud Dam.
4. Write the reasons for water scarcity.
Ans. Deforestation, overuse of precious resources and
increase in population are the reasons for water scarcity.

Chapter -11
Our Mineral resources
1. What is the difference between minerals and ores?
Minerals Ores
 Minerals are substances  Rocks from which metals
that are found in rocks. can be obtained are called
ores.

2. Name three non-metallic minerals.

Ans. Three non-metallic minerals are mica, coal and salt.
3. Why is iron a very useful metal?
Ans. Iron is very useful metal because
  It is hard and durable
 It is used for making tools, utensils, bridges, railway
coaches and engines.

4. What is coal used for?

Ans. Coal is used for
 Cooking and generating electricity
 It is used as a fuel for running factories and trains.

5. Where are the major coal mines found in India?

Ans. The major coal mines found in India are in Jharkhand,
West Bengal and Madhya Pradesh.
6. What is an oilfield?
Ans. An area with a number of oil wells is called an oilfield.

7. What is the difference between CNG and LPG?

CNG LPG
 CNG is Compressed  LPG is Liquefied Petroleum
Natural Gas. Gas.
 CNG is cheaper and  LPG has a higher caloric
cleaner. value.
 CNG is mainly used in  LPG is used for mainly
automobiles. domestic purpose.

Inside Questions.
1. Where are the good quality iron mines found in India?
Ans. The good quality iron mines are found in Jharkhand, Odisha,
Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka and Goa.
2. Name three major oilfields in India.
Ans. The three major oilfields in India are in Assam, Gujrat and
Mumbai High.
 3. What is a mine?
Ans. The place from where a mineral is taken out is called a mine.

4. What is mineral oil? Write its uses.

Ans. Mineral oil is a dark and thick liquid found deep inside the
earth.
Mineral oil is refined to make petrol,diesel, kerosene and
cooking gas.

5. Which country is the largest producer of mica in the world?

Ans. India is largest producer of mica in the world.
6. Why should we preserve minerals?
Ans. We should preserve minerals as they are very precious to us
and take millions of years to form.

Annual Question Bank 2020-21

Std – 4
Social Studies
CHAPTER – 12
(HUMAN RESOURCES)
Q-1 Why are human beings the most important resource?
Ans. Human beings are the most important resource because they have the
intelligence, skills and education to utilize the natural resources of India.
Q-2 What progress has India made after independence?
Ans. A lot of progress has been made after independence:
 Many factories, industries, schools, colleges and hospitals have helped in
increasing the prosperity and improving the health of our people.
  In villages, primary health centres and dispensaries have helped to
eradicate diseases like malaria.
Q-3 Why are so many people in India living in poverty?
Ans. Many people in India are living in poverty due to huge increase in
population of our country.
Q-4 Which country has the highest population in the world?
Ans. China has the highest population in the world.
Q-5 What problems do we face because of huge increase in population?
Ans. Illiteracy, poverty and inadequate medical facilities are the problems we
face because of huge increase in population.
Q-6 How does population affect human resource development
 Ans. . Increase in population leads to the growth of slums in cities .
 The slums are the centres of diseases due to improper sewage system.
 As a result good and skilled workers are unable to make good use of
their abilities.
INSIDE QUESTIONS
1. Who can contribute to a country’s progress?
Ans. Healthy, hardworking and educated people can contribute to a
country’s progress.
2. What do you mean by Human Resource Development Programmes?
Ans. Programmes which build up and improves our skills of doing things
more efficiently are known as Human Resource Development Programmes.
FILL IN BLANKS
1. India is blessed with many natural resources.
2. Many welfare schemes have been started for the benefit of children from
poor and backward families.

CHAPTER – 13 THE ANIMAL WEALTH OF INDIA

Q-1 What is livestock?
Ans. Animals that are kept on farms for our use and profit are called livestock.
Q-2 What is biogas? How is it useful?
 Ans. Biogas is a fuel which is produced from cow dung.
 It is used in villages for cooking and lighting gas lamps.
Q-3 Differentiate between dairy farming and poultry farming.
Ans.
Dairy Farming Poultry Farming
The place where cows, goats, sheep The place where hens, chicken, etc
and camels are raised to produce a are raised for meat and eggs.
number of dairy products.

Q-4 What do you mean by ‘White Revolution’?

Ans. A movement leading to tremendous increase in production of milk and
milk products.
Q-5 What is Pisciculture?
Ans. Fish is cultivated for commercial purposes in artificial ponds is called
Pisciculture.
Q-6 How are animals useful?
Ans. Animals are useful to us in many ways :
 Animals like ox and bullock are used to plough the field.
 Donkey, camel and many other animals are used to carry loads from one
place to another place in villages.
 Animals likes cows, buffaloes, goats provide us milk.
 We get eggs from hen and duck.
 Sheep are reared for wool and silkworm for silk.
Q-7 India has about one-fifth of the world’s cattle but the quality of cattle is
poor. Why? How can it be improved?
Ans.
INSIDE QUESTIONS
1. Who is the father of the ‘White Revolution’?
Ans. Late Dr. V.G.Kurien is known as the father of the ‘White Revolution’.
2. Which state is famous for silk sarees?
Ans. Tamil Nadu is famous for its good quality silk sarees.
3. What do you mean by ‘Blue Revolution’?
Ans. A movement aimed at increasing fish production.
4. Name few occupations that depend on animals.
Ans. Poultry farming, cattle farming, dairy farming, etc.
FILL IN THE BLANKS
 1. Bullock-carts are used as a means of transport in villages
2. The camel is used as means of transport in desert areas.
3. Veterinary doctors treat animals.
4. Water pollution has affected fish breeding.

CHAPTER – 14 AGRICULTURE IN INDIA

Q-1 Name the major rice-producing states of India.
Ans. The major rice – producing states of India are Assam, Andhra Pradesh,
Telengana, Punjab, Haryana, West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil
Nadu, Kerela and Maharashtra.
Q-2 Which states are the leading producers of cotton? Why?
Ans. The states which are the leading producers of cotton are Gujarat and
Maharashtra. It is because of the black soil, moderate rainfall and warm
temperature.
Q-3 Which climate conditions are required for growth of jute crop?
Ans. Jute crop needs alluvial soil, heavy rainfall and hot, damp climate.
Q-4 What is Green Revolution? Which factors enabled it?
a. Between 1960 to 1983 , India’s food production increased three times
Because of the increase use of fertilizers and machines in agriculture this
period was called the green revolution.

Q-5 Differentiate between Kharif and Rabi crops.

Ans: Kharif Crops Rabi Crops
1. Begins at the start of Begin in October.
monsoon.
2. Harvested in Harvested in Winter season.
October/November
3. E.g. rice, jute, maize e.g. wheat, gram, barley

Q-6 Sohan is a farmer. What steps should he take to increase production of

crops?
Ans. He should planned early , practice seasonal soil rotation, ensure proper
water drainage , utilize fertilizers and weed early an often to increase
production of crops.
Inside Question.
Q1 What made India an agriculture country?
Ans Fertile Land, good rainfall, tropical climate and availability of natural
resources have made India an agricultural country.
Q2 In which season rice is grown?
Ans Rice is grown in the monsoon season as it needs plenty of water.
Q3 What are dry cops?
Ans Millets such as jowar, bajra and ragi are grown in the monsoon season ,
These are edible seeds and are called dry crops, They are grown in soil of poor
quality.
Q4 What are cash crops?
Ans Crops that are grown for sale in market are called cash crops.
Q5 Name 2 beverages
Ans Coffee, Coco

CHAPTER – 15
( INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA)
Q-1 What are raw materials? Give examples.
Ans The basic materials from which products are made are called raw
materials. e.g- gold, iron, coal etc.
Q-2 Name the three types of industries of India.
Ans The three types of industries are
1. Cottage industries
2. Small-scale industries
3. Large-scale industries
Q-3 Distinguish between small-scale industry and large scale industry.
Ans
Small-scale Industries Large-scale Industries
Runs in a small area with not more Runs in a large area with more than
than 30 workers 100 workers

It needs small capital and machines It needs large amount of money and
big machines

Q-4 Which industry is the backbone of all the industries? Give reasons.
Ans Iron and steel industry is the backbone of all the industries.
 As all machinery needed in other industries is made of iron and steel.
Q-5 Mention important centers of iron and steel industry in India.
Ans The important centres of iron and steel industry in India are Jamshedpur in
Jharkhand, Durgapur in West Bengal, Bhilai in Madhya Pradesh and salem in
Tamilnadu.
INSIDE QUESTION
1. Which is the largest industry of our country?
A. Sugar Industry is one of the largest industries of our country.
2. Which is the oldest and largest industries in our country ?
A. Textile Industry is one of the oldest and largest industries in our country.
3. Which is an important industrial unit of India ?
A. Shipbuilding at Visakhapatnam is an important industrial unit of India.

CHAPTER – 18 (ART, ARCHITECTURE AND CULTURE)

Q-1 Which are the famous classical dances of India?
Ans The famous classical dances of India are Kathak, Bharatnatyam, Odissi and
Kuchipudi.
Q-2 Name four folk dances of India.
Ans Bhangra and Giddha (Punjab), Bihu (Assam), Garba (Gujarat) and Ghoomar
(Rajasthan) are name of four folk dances of India.
Q-3 Explain the difference between Carnatic and Hindustani music.
Ans
Carnatic music Hindustani music
Carnatic music is associated with the Hindustani music is associated with
southern part of India. north India.

Q-4 What are Miniature Paintings?

Ans Minature Paintings are very small paintings depicting large scenes.
Q-5 Which festivals are connected with the seasons
Ans Holi , Basant Panchami, Baisakhi etc. are festivals connected with the
seasons.

INSIDE QUESTION
1. Name the four categories of Indian Art.
A. The four categories of Indian Art are dance, music, painting and
architecture.
 2. Name some instruments used in classical music.
A. Sitar, veena, sarod, dholak, table, flute, etc.
3. Which temple is carved out of a single rock ?
A. Kailash temple at Ellora is carved out of a single rock.
4. How many major languages are there in India ?
A. There are 22 major languages in India.
5. Name the three categories of festival in India .
A. The three categories of festivals in India are National festival, Religious
festival and Seasonal festival.
FILL IN BLANK
1. India has a very rich history of art and culture.
2. Folk dances do not require any special training.
3. Painting has been an important medium to express the feeling of man
from early times.
4. The Taj Mahal is one of the most beautiful building in the world and is
one of the wonders of the world.
5. Hindi is the official language of India.

CHAPTER – 19 (THEY SHOW US THE WAY)

Q-1. Why did Gautam Buddha give up his luxurious life?
Ans. Gautam Buddha gave up his luxurious life and spent time in meditation to
find the root cause of the suffering of man.
Q-2 What are the main teachings of Prophet Muhammad?
Ans. The main teachings of Prophet Muhammad are that there is one and only
one Lord, who is Almighty (Allah) and the Prophet was his message.
Q-3 Who are social reformers? Name three of them.
Ans. Social reformers are people who work for the betterment of the society.
Sant Kabir, Raja Rammohan Roy and Ramabai Ranade are the three social
reformers.
Q-4 Write in one line the contributions made by the following social reformers:
a) Raja Rammohan Roy – fought against child marriage and caste system.
b) Sant Kabir – criticized false beliefs, rituals and exploitation of common
people in the name of religion through his couplets (dohas).
c) Ramabai Ranade – started a school for orphans, the Poona SevaSadan.
d) Sir Sayed Ahmed Khan – worked a lot for the Muslims, especially to
improve the conditions of Muslim women.
Q-5 What is Charaka Samhita?
Ans. Charaka Samhita is a book of medicine and surgery which was written in
the ancient times by Charaka Rishi. Its contents are still very useful.
Q-6 Why did King Ashoka become a Buddhist?
Ans. He could not see the sight of dead and injured soldiers on the battlefield.
He then gave up war and became a follower of Gautam Buddha.
Q-7. Shahjahan is called ‘The Great Builder’. Give examples of the buildings to
prove this title.
Ans. Jama Masjid, Red Fort, Taj Mahal, etc are the examples of his buildings.
Q-8. Why is the national emblem of India adopted from Ashoka’s Pillar at
Sarnath ?
Ans. The national emblem of India is adopted from Ashoka’s Pillar at Sarnath as
a symbol of contemporary India’s reaffirmation of its ancient commitment to
world peace and goodwill.
INSIDE QUESTION
1. Name some religion in India
A. Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddism, Jainism, Christianity and Islam.
2. Name some freedom fighters of India.
A. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, Subhash Chandra Bose, Lala Lajpat Rai, etc .
3. Name some religious leaders.
A. Jesus Christ, Prophet Muhammad, Lord Buddha, etc.

CHAPTER – 20OUR GOVERNMENT

Q 1 Which are the two levels of Government in India?
Ans The 2 levels of government are
1. The central government
2. The state government
Q 2 Why do we need the Judiciary?
Ans We need the judiciary to solve the disputes between the people and also
to protest fundamental rights.
Q 3 Who makes laws for the Country?
Ans .The President makes law for the country.
Q 4 How are the members of Rajya Sabha elected?
Ans 12 members are nominated by the President. Rest of them are elected by
the members of the legislative Assembly . There are total 245 members who
are elected for a term of 6 years.
Q 5 Who are the members of Parliament? (M.P)
Ans The members of Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha are called the members of
Parliament. (M.P)
Q 6 Who appoints the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court?
Ans The President appoints the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
Q 7 Who is the highest authority in the state?
Ans Governor is the highest authority of the state.

Q 8 Why does India has a three tier Judicial System?

Ans. India has a three tier Judicial System because there must be a final
ultimate authority that has jurisdiction over the entire country and whose
words shall be final.
INSIDE QUESTIONS
1. Name the two houses of the Parliament.
A. The two houses of the Parliament are Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
2. Who is the head of the country ?
A. The President is the head of the country.
3. Who is the head of the Supreme Court ?
A. The Chief Justice is the head of the SupremeCourt.
4. Which is the highest court in our country ?
A. The Supreme Court is the highest court in our country.
CHAPTER – 21OUR GOALS, RIGHTS AND DUTIES
Q 1 What does the Preamble of our Constitution state?
Ans The preamble of our constitution states that India is sovereign, socialist,
secular and Democratic Republic.
Q 2 State the definition of Democracy given by Abraham Lincoln.
Ans Abraham Lincoln defined democracy as “ The government of the people,
for the people and by the people.
Q 3 Make a list of your fundamental rights.
Ans The fundamental rights are :
1. Right to Equality
2. Right to Religion
3. Right to Justice
4. Cultural and Educational rights
 5. Right to Constitutional remedies
6. Right to Freedom : i) Speech and Expression
ii) Assemble
iii) Association
iv) Movement
v) residence and settlement
vi) Profession, occupation, Trade or Business
7. Right to Education
Fill in the blanks
1. Indian constitution is the lengthiest written constitution in the world.
2. The members of the constituent assembly were elected by the people of
India.
3. Fundamental rights enable a citizen to live a better live.

CHAPTER – 22 OUR NATIONAL SYMBOLS

Q 1 Describe the structure of our national flag.
Ans Our national flag consists of three horizontal stripes
1. The top most stripe is of saffron colour
2. The middle stripe is a white colour
3. The bottom stripe is green
4. The Dharma chakra (wheel) with 24 spokes is at the centre .
Q 2 Which values are proclaimed by the saffron, white and green bands of our
national flag?
Ans The values proclaimed by the saffron, white and green bands of our
national flag are
1. The saffron stands for courage and sacrifice
2. The white stands for truth and peace
3. The green stands for prosperity
Q 3 Describe the structure of our national emblem.
Ans Our National emblem consists of four lions standing back to back . A
dharma chakra is in the centre of the base plate, with the figure of the bull on
the right side and a horse on the left side. The entire structure is sitting on a
lotus
Q 4 Who wrote our national song and national anthem?
Ans Our national song was written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee and our
national anthem was written by Rabindra Nath Tagore.
Q 5 Explain the meaning of ‘Satyameva Jayate’.
Ans The meaning of Satyameva Jayate is truth alone triumphs.
Q 6 From which Upanishad is the term “Satyameva Jayate” taken?
Ans From Mundaka Upanishad is the term “Satyameva Jayate” taken.
Inside questions
Q 1. Name the three symbols of our country.
Ans. The three symbols of our country are the National Flag , National Anthem
and National Emblem.
Q 2. When and where was our National Flag hosted for the first time?
Ans. Our National Flag was hosted for the first time at the red fort on 15 th
August 1947.
Q 3. Name our National Animal and National Flower.

Ans. The tiger is the National Animal and the lotus is the National flower.

Fill in the blanks

1. Our National Flag is the tricoloured flag.
2. We should respect our National Symbols.
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