Q1.

Write a separate java code to implement each of the following:

Class, Command Line Argument. How to enter value through keyboard

Class Implementation:
import java.util.Scanner;

class Celebrity {

private String name;

private String profession;

private String achievement;

// Constructor

public Celebrity(String name, String profession, String achievement) {

this.name = name;

this.profession = profession;

this.achievement = achievement;

// Method to display information

public void displayInfo() {

System.out.println(name + " is a famous " + profession + " known for " + achievement + ".");

public class CelebrityDemo {

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating Scanner object for input

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

 // Input for football player

System.out.println("The most famous football player:");

String footballPlayer = scanner.nextLine();

// Input for actor

System.out.println("The famous actor:");

String actor = scanner.nextLine();

// Creating Celebrity objects

Celebrity footballCelebrity = new Celebrity(footballPlayer, "football player", "goals");

Celebrity actorCelebrity = new Celebrity(actor, "actor", "movies");

// Displaying information

footballCelebrity.displayInfo();

actorCelebrity.displayInfo();

// Closing Scanner

scanner.close();

OUTPUTS:

The most famous football player:

Ronaldo

The famous actor:

Salman khan
Ronaldo is a famous football player known for goals.

Salman khan is a famous actor known for movies.

Command-Line Arguments:
import java.util.Scanner;

public class CommandLineArgumentsDemo {

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating Scanner object for input

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

// Input for football player

System.out.println("Enter the name of the most famous football player:");

String footballPlayer = scanner.nextLine();

// Input for actor

System.out.println("Enter the name of the famous actor:");

String actor = scanner.nextLine();

// Displaying information

System.out.println(footballPlayer + " and " + actor + " are most famous in their respective fields.");

// Closing Scanner

scanner.close();

}
OUTPUT:
Enter the name of the most famous football player:

Messi

Enter the name of the famous actor:

Amir

Messi and Amir are most famous in their respective fields.

2.Write a separate java code to implement each of the following datatype:

variable, constant, arrays, strings, vectors, wrappers classes, typecasting.
 Variable:

public class VariableExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int num = 50;

System.out.println("Value of num: " + num);

Output:

Value of num: 50

 Constant:

public class ConstantExample {

public static final int CONSTANT_VALUE = 100;

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("Value of constant: " + CONSTANT_VALUE);

Output:

Value of constant: 100

  Arryas:

public class ArraysExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int[] numbers = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};

System.out.println("Elements of array:");

for (int num : numbers) {

System.out.print(num +" ");

Output:

Elements of array:

10 20 30 40 50

 Strings:

public class StringsExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

String name= "Dhruv Singh";

System.out.println(“My name is ” + name);

Output:

My name is Dhruv Singh

 Vectors:

import java.util.Vector;
public class VectorsExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Vector<String> names = new Vector<>();

names.add("Harsh");

names.add("chirag");

names.add("Jay");

System.out.println("Names in vector:");

for (String name : names) {

System.out.println(name);

Output:

Names in vector:

Harsh

chirag

Jay

 Wrapper Classes:

public class WrapperClassesExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Integer intNum = 1000;

Double doubleNum = 3.14;

Character charValue = 'A';

 System.out.println("Wrapper class value: " + number);

System.out.println("Double Value: " + doubleNum);

System.out.println("Character Value: " + charValue);

Output:

Integer Value: 1000

Double Value: 3.14

Character Value: A

 Typecasting:

public class TypecastingExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

double doubleNum = 10.5;

int intNum = (int) doubleNum;

System.out.println("After typecasting: " + intNum);

Output:

After typecasting: 10

Q3. Write a separate Java Code to implement each of the following operators:
Arithmetic operator, Relational operator, Logical operator, Assignment
operator, Increment& Decrement operator, Conditional operator, Bitwise
operator ?: Operator.

Arithmetic operator
public class ArithmeticOperatorExample {
 public static void main(String[] args) {

int a = 25;

int b = 15;

int sum = a + b; // Addition

int difference = a - b; // Subtraction

int product = a * b; // Multiplication

int quotient = a / b; // Division

int remainder = a % b; // Modulus

System.out.println("Sum: " + sum);

System.out.println("Difference: " + difference);

System.out.println("Product: " + product);

System.out.println("Quotient: " + quotient);

System.out.println("Remainder: " + remainder);

Output:

Sum: 40

Difference: 10

Product: 375

Quotient: 1

Remainder: 10

Relational operator:
public class RelationalOperatorExample {
 public static void main(String[] args) {

int a = 25;

int b = 15

System.out.println("a > b " + (a > b));

System.out.println("a < b " + (a < b));

System.out.println("a >= b " + (a >= b));

System.out.println("a <= b " + (a <= b));

System.out.println("a == b " + (a == b));

System.out.println("a != b " + (a != b));

Output:

a > b true

a < b false

a >= b true

a <= b false

a == b false

a != b true

Logical operator:
public class LogicalOperatorExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

boolean a = true;

boolean b = false;

System.out.println("a AND b: " + (a && b));

 System.out.println("a OR b: " + (a || b));

System.out.println("NOT a: " + (!a));

System.out.println("NOT b: " + (!b));

Output:
a AND b: false

a OR b: true

NOT a: false

NOT b: true

Assignment operator
public class AssignmentOperatorExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int a = 25;

int b = 15;

System.out.println("a: " + a);

a += b;

System.out.println("a += b: " + a);

a -= b;

System.out.println("a -= b: " + a);

a *= b;

System.out.println("a *= b: " + a);

 a /= b;

System.out.println("a /= b: " + a);

a %= b;

System.out.println("a %= b: " + a);

Output:

a: 25

a += b: 40

a -= b: 25

a *= b: 375

a /= b: 25

a %= b: 10

Increment& Decrement operator

public class IncrementDecrementOperatorExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int x = 20;

System.out.println("Initial value of x: " + x);

x++; // Increment

System.out.println("Value of x after increment: " + x);

 x--; // Decrement

System.out.println("Value of x after decrement: " + x);

}
Output:

Initial value of x: 20

Value of x after increment: 21

Value of x after decrement: 20

Conditional operator
public class ConditionalOperatorExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int a = 20;

int b = 15;

int max = (a > b) ? a : b

System.out.println("Maximum value: " + max);

Output:

Maximum value: 20

Bitwise operator
public class BitwiseOperatorExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int a = 25; // Binary: 101

int b = 15; // Binary: 011

 System.out.println("a & b: " + (a & b)); //Bitwise AND

System.out.println("a | b: " + (a | b)); //Bitwise OR

System.out.println("a ^ b " + (a ^ b)); //Bitwise XOR:

System.out.println("~a: " + (~a)); //Bitwise Complement

System.out.println("a << 1: " + (a << 1)); //Left Shift:

System.out.println("a >> 1: " + (a >> 1)); //Right Shift

Output:

a & b: 9

a | b: 31

a ^ b 22

~a: -26

a << 1: 50

a >> 1: 12

Ternary Operator:
public class ConditionalOperatorExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int a = 25;

int b = 15;

int max = (a > b) ? a : b;

System.out.println("Maximum value: " + max);

}
}

Output:

Maximum value: 25

Q4. Write a separate Java code to implement each of the following control
statements.

If-Else Statement:
public class IfElseExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int number = 10;

if (number % 2 == 0) {

System.out.println(number + " is even.");

} else {

System.out.println(number + " is odd.");

Output:

10 is even.

Switch Statement:
public class SwitchExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int day = 3;

String dayName;
switch (day) {

case 1:

dayName = "Sunday";

break;

case 2:

dayName = "Monday";

break;

case 3:

dayName = "Tuesday";

break;

case 4:

dayName = "Wednesday";

break;

case 5:

dayName = "Thursday";

break;

case 6:

dayName = "Friday";

break;

case 7:

dayName = "Saturday";

break;

default:

dayName = "Invalid day";

}
 System.out.println("Day is: " + dayName);

Output

Day is: Tuesday

Loops statement:

For loop:
public class ForLoopExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {

System.out.println("Iteration " + i);

Output:

Iteration 1

Iteration 2

Iteration 3

Iteration 4

Iteration 5

Do-while Loop:
public class DoWhileLoopExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int i = 1;
 do {

System.out.println("Iteration " + i);

i++;

} while (i <= 5);

Output:

Iteration 1

Iteration 2

Iteration 3

Iteration 4

Iteration 5

Break statements
public class BreakStatementExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {

if (i == 5) {

break;

System.out.println("Iteration " + i);

Output:

Iteration 1
Iteration 2

Iteration 3

Iteration 4

Continue Statement:
public class ContinueStatementExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {

if (i == 3) {

continue;

System.out.println("Iteration " + i);

Output:

Iteration 1

Iteration 2

Iteration 4

Iteration 5

Q5. Write a separate Java Code to implement each of the following sorting:

Bubble Sort:
public class BubbleSortExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int[] arr = {64, 34, 25, 12, 22, 11, 90};

 System.out.println("Array before sorting:");

printArray(arr);

bubbleSort(arr);

System.out.println("Array after sorting:");

printArray(arr);

public static void bubbleSort(int[] arr) {

int n = arr.length;

for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < n - i - 1; j++) {

if (arr[j] > arr[j + 1]) {

int temp = arr[j];

arr[j] = arr[j + 1];

arr[j + 1] = temp;

public static void printArray(int[] arr) {

for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {

System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");

 }

System.out.println();

Output:

Array before sorting:

64 34 25 12 22 11 90

Array after sorting:

11 12 22 25 34 64 90

Selection Sort:
public class SelectionSortExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int[] arr = {64, 25, 12, 22, 11};

System.out.println("Array before sorting:");

printArray(arr);

selectionSort(arr);

System.out.println("Array after sorting:");

printArray(arr);

public static void selectionSort(int[] arr) {

int n = arr.length;
 for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {

int minIndex = i;

for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {

if (arr[j] < arr[minIndex]) {

minIndex = j;

int temp = arr[minIndex];

arr[minIndex] = arr[i];

arr[i] = temp;

public static void printArray(int[] arr) {

for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {

System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");

System.out.println();

Output:

Array before sorting:

64 25 12 22 11

Array after sorting:

11 12 22 25 64

Insertion Sort:
public class InsertionSortExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int[] arr = {64, 25, 12, 22, 11};

System.out.println("Array before sorting:");

printArray(arr);

insertionSort(arr);

System.out.println("Array after sorting:");

printArray(arr);

public static void insertionSort(int[] arr) {

int n = arr.length;

for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {

int key = arr[i];

int j = i - 1;

while (j >= 0 && arr[j] > key) {

arr[j + 1] = arr[j];

j = j - 1;
 }

arr[j + 1] = key;

public static void printArray(int[] arr) {

for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {

System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");

System.out.println();

Output:

Array before sorting:

64 25 12 22 11

Array after sorting:

11 12 22 25 64

Merge sort:
public class MergeSortExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int[] arr = {38, 27, 43, 3, 9, 82, 10};

System.out.println("Array before sorting:");

printArray(arr);
 mergeSort(arr, 0, arr.length - 1);

System.out.println("Array after sorting:");

printArray(arr);

public static void mergeSort(int[] arr, int left, int right) {

if (left < right) {

int mid = (left + right) / 2;

mergeSort(arr, left, mid);

mergeSort(arr, mid + 1, right);

merge(arr, left, mid, right);

public static void merge(int[] arr, int left, int mid, int right) {

int n1 = mid - left + 1;

int n2 = right - mid;

int[] leftArr = new int[n1];

int[] rightArr = new int[n2];

for (int i = 0; i < n1; ++i)

 leftArr[i] = arr[left + i];

for (int j = 0; j < n2; ++j)

rightArr[j] = arr[mid + 1 + j];

int i = 0, j = 0;

int k = left;

while (i < n1 && j < n2) {

if (leftArr[i] <= rightArr[j]) {

arr[k] = leftArr[i];

i++;

} else {

arr[k] = rightArr[j];

j++;

k++;

while (i < n1) {

arr[k] = leftArr[i];

i++;

k++;

while (j < n2) {

 arr[k] = rightArr[j];

j++;

k++;

public static void printArray(int[] arr) {

for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {

System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");

System.out.println();

Output:

Array before sorting:

38 27 43 3 9 82 10

Array after sorting:

3 9 10 27 38 43 82

Q6. Write a separate Java Code in implement each of the following:

Class, Object, Constructors Method, Method of overloading and Method

Overriding

Class, Object:

// Example: Creating a class named "FootballPlayer"

class FootballPlayer { public static void main(String[] args) {

// Create two football player objects

FootballPlayer ronaldo = new FootballPlayer("Ronaldo", 450);

FootballPlayer messi = new FootballPlayer("Messi", 600);

// Display player info

ronaldo.displayInfo();

messi.displayInfo();

String name;

int goalsScored;

// Constructor

public FootballPlayer(String name, int goalsScored) {

this.name = name;

this.goalsScored = goalsScored;

// Method to display player info

public void displayInfo() {

System.out.println("Player: " + name);

System.out.println("Goals Scored: " + goalsScored);

OUTPUTS:
Player: Ronaldo

Goals Scored: 450

Player: Messi

Goals Scored: 600

Constructors Method
public class MyClass {

private int value;

// Constructor

public MyClass() {

value = 90;

public int getValue() {

return value;

public static void main(String[] args) {

MyClass obj = new MyClass(); // Constructor is invoked

System.out.println("The value is " + obj.getValue());

OUTPUTS:

The value is 90

Method Overloading:
class Calculator { public static void main(String[] args) {
 Calculator calc = new Calculator();

System.out.println("Sum of 10 and 30: " + calc.add(10, 30));

System.out.println("Sum of 40, 50, and 60: " + calc.add(40, 50, 60));

// Method to add two integers

public int add(int a, int b) {

return a + b;

// Method to add three integers (overloaded)

public int add(int a, int b, int c) {

return a + b + c;

OUTPUTS:

Sum of 10 and 30: 40

Sum of 40, 50, and 60: 150

class Bank {

int getRateOfInterest() {

return 0; // Default implementation (to be overridden)

Method Overriding:

class Player {

void speak() {
 System.out.println("I am a player.");

public static void main(String[] args) {

Footballer ronaldo = new Footballer();

FilmStar salman = new FilmStar();

ronaldo.speak();

salman.speak();

class Footballer extends Player {

//@Override

void speak() {

System.out.println("I am a footballer.");

class FilmStar extends Player {

//@Override

void speak() {

System.out.println("I am a film star.");

OUTPUTS:

I am a footballer.
I am a film star.

Q7.Wite a separate Java code to implement each of the following:

Final Variable, final Class, Final method, Abstract class, Abstract method and
Concrete Method

Final Variable
public class FinalVariableExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

final int MAX_VALUE = 100;

// MAX_VALUE = 200; // This will cause a compilation error

System.out.println("Maximum value: " + MAX_VALUE);

OUTPUT:

Maximum value: 100

Final Class
final class FinalClassExample {

// Class members and methods

Final method
public class Parent {

public final void display() {

System.out.println("This is a final method.");

public class FinalMethodExample extends Parent {

// Trying to override final method will result in a compilation error

 /*public void display() {

System.out.println("This is an overridden method.");

}*/

Abstract class
abstract class OlympicGames {

abstract void hostCountry();

void participatingCountries() {

System.out.println("Number of participating countries: 200");

public class TokyoOlympics extends OlympicGames {

void hostCountry() {

System.out.println("Host country: Japan");

public static void main(String[] args) {

TokyoOlympics tokyoOlympics = new TokyoOlympics();

tokyoOlympics.hostCountry();

tokyoOlympics.participatingCountries();

OUTPUT:
Host country: Japan

Number of participating countries: 200

Abstract method
abstract class Sports {

abstract void typeOfGame();

public class Basketball extends Sports {

void typeOfGame() {

System.out.println("Type of game: Team sport");

public static void main(String[] args) {

Basketball basketball = new Basketball();

basketball.typeOfGame();

OUTPUT:

Type of game: Team sport

Concrete Method:
abstract class Sport {

abstract void typeOfGame();

void players() {

System.out.println("Number of players: 11");

 }

public class Football extends Sport {

void typeOfGame() {

System.out.println("Type of game: Team sport");

public static void main(String[] args) {

Football football = new Football();

football.typeOfGame();

football.players();

OUTPUT:

Type of game: Team sport

Number of players: 11

Q8. . Write a separate Java Code to implement each of the following OOPs
concepts:

Abstraction, Polymorphism, Encapsulation, Inheritance

Abstraction:
abstract class OlympicGame {

abstract void hostCountry();

abstract void participatingCountries();

}

class TokyoOlympics extends OlympicGame {

void hostCountry() {

System.out.println("Host country: Japan");

void participatingCountries() {

System.out.println("Number of participating countries: 200");

public class AbstractionExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

OlympicGame olympics = new TokyoOlympics();

olympics.hostCountry();

olympics.participatingCountries();

OUTPUT:

Host country: Japan

Number of participating countries: 200

Polymorphism
class OlympicGame {

void display() {
 System.out.println("This is an Olympic game.");

class SummerOlympics extends OlympicGame {

void display() {

System.out.println("This is a Summer Olympic game.");

class WinterOlympics extends OlympicGame {

void display() {

System.out.println("This is a Winter Olympic game.");

public class PolymorphismExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

OlympicGame summer = new SummerOlympics();

OlympicGame winter = new WinterOlympics();

summer.display();

winter.display();

OUTPUT:
This is a Summer Olympic game.

This is a Winter Olympic game.

Encapsulation
class Olympic {

private String hostCountry;

private int participatingCountries;

public String getHostCountry() {

return hostCountry;

public void setHostCountry(String hostCountry) {

this.hostCountry = hostCountry;

public int getParticipatingCountries() {

return participatingCountries;

public void setParticipatingCountries(int participatingCountries) {

this.participatingCountries = participatingCountries;

public class EncapsulationExample {

 public static void main(String[] args) {

Olympic tokyo2020 = new Olympic();

tokyo2020.setHostCountry("Japan");

tokyo2020.setParticipatingCountries(200);

System.out.println("Host country: " + tokyo2020.getHostCountry());

System.out.println("Number of participating countries: " + tokyo2020.getParticipatingCountries());

OUTPUT:

Host country: Japan

Number of participating countries: 200

Inheritance
class Olympic {

void display() {

System.out.println("This is an Olympic game.");

class TokyoOlympics extends Olympic {

void hostCountry() {

System.out.println("Host country: Japan");

void participatingCountries() {
 System.out.println("Number of participating countries: 200");

public class InheritanceExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

TokyoOlympics tokyoOlympics = new TokyoOlympics();

tokyoOlympics.display();

tokyoOlympics.hostCountry();

tokyoOlympics.participatingCountries();

OUTPUT:

This is an Olympic game.

Host country: Japan

Number of participating countries: 200

Q9. Write a separate Java Code to implement each of the following:

Exception handling with Try, Catch, Throw, Throws, and Finally Multiple catch
statement with the following exceptions: Arithmetic Exception, Array Out Of
Bounds Exception and Array Store Exception
class ExceptionHandlingExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

try {

int result = divide(15, 0);

System.out.println("Result: " + result);

} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
 System.out.println("ArithmeticException caught: " + e.getMessage());

} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {

System.out.println("ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException caught: " + e.getMessage());

} catch (ArrayStoreException e) {

System.out.println("ArrayStoreException caught: " + e.getMessage());

} finally {

System.out.println("Finally ");

// Cause ArithmeticException

try {

int[] arr = new int[1];

System.out.println(arr[5]); // ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException

} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {

System.out.println("ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException caught: " + e.getMessage());

} finally {

System.out.println("Finally ");

// Cause ArrayStoreException

try {

Object[] objArr = new Integer[10];

objArr[0] = "Line"; // ArrayStoreException

} catch (ArrayStoreException e) {

System.out.println("ArrayStoreException caught: " + e.getMessage());

 } finally {

System.out.println("Finally:");

static int divide(int a, int b) {

return a / b;

OUTPUT:

ArithmeticException caught: / by zero

Finally

ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException caught: Index 5 out of bounds for length 1

Finally

ArrayStoreException caught: java.lang.String

Finally

10. Write a separate Java Code to implement the following:

a) Interface

b) Packages and how to import them

// Interface example

interface OlympicGames {

void hostedBy(String country);

void numberOfCountries(int count);

}
class TokyoOlympics implements OlympicGames {

public void hostedBy(String country) {

System.out.println("Tokyo Olympics was hosted by " + country);

public void numberOfCountries(int count) {

System.out.println("Number of countries participated: " + count);

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Interface example

OlympicGames olympics = new TokyoOlympics();

olympics.hostedBy("Japan");

olympics.numberOfCountries(206);

OUTPUT:

Tokyo Olympics was hosted by Japan

Number of countries participated: 206