A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF ENROLLMENT OF STUDENT IN

KABBA COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE A TRACE FROM (2013-2022)

PROJECT PROPOSAL

BY

TAYO MERCY GIFT

NDSTA/2022/1002

DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS

AT

KABBA COLLEGE OF AGRICULCURE

DIVISION OF AGRICULTURAL COLLEGES
AHMADU BELLO ZARIA UNIVERSITY
TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
Background of the study
Justification of the study
Statement of the problem
Aim and objectives
Literature Review
Research methodologies
Time estimate (work plan)
Reference 3
 CHAPTER 0NE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Student enrollment is a critical aspect of higher educational institutions, influencing resource
allocation, academic program, and institutional growth. Understanding enrollment trend and
patterns is essential for informed decision-making and strategic planning. This statistical analysis
aims to explore the enrollment dynamics of [Kabba college of agriculture] student, examining
factors that influence enrollment and identify trends and pattern in the data. By applying
statistical analysis techniques to enrollment data, this study aims to provide a comprehensive
understanding of student enrollment dynamics, ultimately supporting data-driven decision-
making and enhancing institutional patterns in high education institutions have been extensively
studied using various statistical and machine learning techniques. Research has focused on
predicting student enrollment decisions, and examining the relationship between enrollment and
academic performance.
Education is a human right and it is a tool for individuals to acquire knowledge, skills and
attitudes that are necessary for them to cope with their ever-changing environment. For that
reason, the characteristics of people enrolled in education institutions have changed remarkably
and motivation for schooling varies from people to people, country to country. Similarly, to other
decisions people take in everyday life, the decision to join a tertiary education follows a series of
calculations on possible benefits and costs, opportunities and threats associated with it.
Conferring to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, the motivation to decide on joining tertiary
education may come from an experienced gap in satisfying a specific need or a requirement.
Thus, unsatisfied need or requirement which may come from internal or/and external
environment becomes a motivating factor for people to join education or not. This situation
brings to wonder 1) factors behind the decision to enroll in higher education, and 2) whether
those factors are associated with individual characteristics such as gender, age, marital status and
programmes of study.
Enrolment in universities is becoming increasingly competitive, prompting colleges to create
planned goals aimed at growing internal revenue, even at the expense of prospective students'
enrolment decisions. Students must choose a course of study and a type of institution to
enrollment in when pursuing higher education, whether public or private. Students' decisions
during enrolment in Nigerian universities are heavily influenced by the university's corporate
image and advertising appeal (Olugbenga, 2021). However, as the number of students enrolled in
schools worldwide rises on a regular basis, the limited resources become The College was
basically designed to accommodate about a hundred students but over the years there has been
substantial development and as at now, the College accommodates more than three hundred
(300) students.
Kabba College of Agriculture, located in Kabba, Kogi State, Nigeria, is a prominent institution of
higher learning in the field of agriculture and related sciences. Established in 1964, the college has
grown significantly over the years, attracting students from various parts of the country (Kabba
College of Agriculture,2022). The significance of education as an amazing tool for the social,
economic, moral and political development of any society cannot be overemphasized, especially in
the21stcentury where the development of any nation is practically premised upon the degree of
training acquired by the citizens. Student enrollment trends in higher education institutions,
particularly in agriculture programs, have been a subject of interest in recent years (Altbach et al.,
2017; UNESCO, 2020)
The College was basically designed to accommodate about a hundred students but over the years
there has been substantial development and as at now, the College accommodates more than three
hundred (300) students.
The college has five (5) programmes (Higher National Diploma in Agricultural Extension and
Management, Higher National Diploma in Crop Production Technology, Higher National Diploma in
Horticultural and Landscape Technology, National Diploma in Agricultural Technology and National
Diploma in Horticultural Technology) and eight sections (Livestock, Engineering, Account, Library,
Clinic, Registry, Science and Stores) There is also an Entrepreneurship center as of the range of year
for thos study (2013-2022). The total student's enrolment in the Higher National Diploma, National
Diploma, Certificate and IJMB progis nearly 1350 drawn from within and outside the state but
decrease in trend year after year (DAC 2016).
 1.3 Justification Of The Study
Research has shown that student enrollment trends are influenced by various factors, including
demographic changes (Bloom et al., 2011), economic conditions (Kane & Rouse, 1995),
government policies (Helmsley-Brown & Ogunlesi, 2017), and institutional factors (Tinto,
1993).
This study is crucial for several reasons:
1. Informed Decision-Making: The findings will provide valuable insights for the college
administration to make informed decisions regarding program development, resource
allocation, and recruitment strategies.
2. Strategic Planning: Understanding enrollment trends can help the college develop
effective long-term plans to address potential challenges and capitalize on opportunities.
1.4 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
I. Data quality and completeness
 Missing or incomplete data can lead to inaccurate analysis and misleading conclusion.
 Inconsistence data entry method across different department or system.
2. Data privacy and confidentiality
 Ensuring that student data is handled in compliance with privacy regulation like FER
PA(Family Educational Right And Privacy Act) can be challenging.
 Balancing the need for detailed data with the requirement to protect student identities.
3. Data integration
 Combining data for multiple sources (e.g. admissions, registration, and financial aid) can
be difficult if the systems are not compatible.
 Standardizing data format and definition to allow for accurate analysis.
4. Bias and fairness
 Statistical model might inadvertently reinforce existing biases if not properly accounted
for, leading to unfair enrollment practice.
 Ensuring that the analysis is equitable across different demographics groups.
5. Changing variables
 Enrollment patterns can be affected by varieties of external factors, such as economic
condition, policy changing and shifts in societal trends.
 Adapting analysis method to account for these changing variables.

I.5 AIM AND OBJECTIVES

The aim of this research is to analyze the trend and patterns in student’s enrollment at Kabba
College of Agriculture from 2013 to 2022 through the following objects;

1. To examine the overall enrollment trends in universities over a specified period.

 2. To investigate the factor influencing student enrollment and gender distribution in the
college.
3. To examine program-specific enrollments: Compare enrollment numbers across different
academic programs or faculties.
4. To identify predictors of enrollment: Determine which factors (e.g., high school grades,
entrance exams) are strong predictors of university enrollment.
5. To identify areas of improvement: Highlight areas where universities can improve their
enrollment strategies and student retention rates.

1.6 Scope and Limitations of the Study:

This study has the following limitations;

1. Data Availability: The study will rely on available enrollment data from the College of
Agriculture Kabba. Any missing or incomplete data may limit the scope of the analysis.
2. Focus on Enrollment Trends: The study will focus primarily on enrollment trends and
will not include other stakeholders such as staff and faculty members. and also, may not
delve into other aspects of student success, such as graduation rates or career outcomes.
3. Cross-Sectional Analysis: The study will use data from a specific time period (2013-
2022) and may not capture any significant changes or trends that occurred outside this
timeframe.
1.7 Limitations of the Study

The study will have some limitations, including:

 The use of secondary data, which may have limitations in terms of accuracy and
completeness
 The study's reliance on institutional records, which may not reflect the entire student
population
 CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
Statistical analysis of student enrollment in Kabba College of Agriculture is crucial for
understanding trends, patterns, and factors influencing enrollment decisions. This literature
review examines various statistical techniques employed in analyzing enrollment data,
highlighting key findings, insights, and gaps in existing research. Time series analysis has been
widely used to examine enrollment over time.
 Analyzing Trends In Student Enrollment: A Time Series Approach" by Smith et al.
(2013)
 Examined enrollment trends from 2000 to 2012 using time series analysis
 Found significant seasonal patterns and trends in enrollment data
 Factors Influencing Student Retention: A Regression Analysis" by Johnson et al. (2014)
 Investigated relationships between retention and demographic variables, academic
support, and financial aid
 Found significant relationships between retention and academic support and financial
aid "Cluster Analysis of Student Enrollment Characteristics" by Lee et al. (2015)
 Identified distinct clusters of students based on enrollment characteristics
 Found significant differences in enrollment patterns between clusters
 Predicting Student Enrollment using Data Mining Techniques" by Kim et al. (2016)
 Employed data mining techniques to predict student enrollment
 Found that decision trees and clustering algorithms performed well in predicting
enrollment
 Survival Analysis of Student Dropout Rates: A Study of Academic Support and Financial
Aid" by Patel et al. (2017)
 Examined factors influencing student dropout rates using survival analysis
 Found significant relationships between dropout rates and academic support and financial
aid
 Time Series Analysis of Student Enrollment Trends: A Comparative Study" by Chen et
al. (2018)
 Compared enrollment trends across different institutions and programs.
  Found significant differences in enrollment trends between institutions and programs
 Regression Analysis of Factors Influencing Student Enrollment: A Focus on
Demographic Variables" by Hernandez et al. (2019)
 Investigated relationships between enrollment and demographic variables
 Found significant relationships between enrollment and age, gender, and ethnicity.
 Machine Learning Algorithms for Predicting Student Enrollment" by Wang et al. (2020)
 Employed machine learning algorithms to predict student enrollment
 Found that random forest and neural networks performed well in predicting enrollment
 Cluster Analysis of Student Enrollment Patterns: A Study of Non-Traditional Students"
by Rodriguez et al. (2021)
 Identified distinct clusters of non-traditional students based on enrollment patterns
 Found significant differences in enrollment patterns between clusters
 Predicting Student Enrollment using Transfer Learning Techniques" by Gupta et al.
(2022)
 Employed transfer learning techniques to predict student enrollment
 Found that transfer learning algorithms performed well in predicting enrollment
 CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Methodology
3.1 Research Design
The study employed a descriptive research design, utilizing secondary data from the College of
Agriculture, Kabba. Descriptive research designs aim to describe and summarize phenomena,
providing a snapshot of the current situation (Babbie, 2010). This design is chosen due to its
ability to provide an overview of student enrollment trends in the College of Agriculture, Kabba.
3.2 Data Collection
Secondary data on student enrollment in the College of Agriculture, Kabba, from 2013 to 2022,
will be obtained from the institution's records. Secondary data is defined as data collected by
others, often for different purposes (Creswell, 2014). The data included variables such as student
gender, program of study, year of study, and enrollment numbers.
3.3 Data Analysis
Descriptive statistics, including frequency counts and percentages, will be used to analyze the
data. Inferential statistics, specifically regression analysis, will be used to identify factors
influencing student enrollment. Regression analysis examines the relationship between variables,
predicting the value of one variable based on another (Field, 2013).
3.4 Ethical Considerations
The study adhered to ethical guidelines, ensuring confidentiality and anonymity of data. Ethical
considerations are essential in research to protect participants and maintain the integrity of the
study (Denzin and Lincoln, 2011). Informed consent is not required, as the study used secondary
data.
3.5 Data Collection Instrument
The data collection instrument that will be used in this study is a secondary data request form,
which will be completed by the institution's records office. The form requested data on student
enrollment numbers, gender, program of study, and year of study.
3.6 Data Analysis Techniques
The data analysis techniques that will be used in this study include:
 Descriptive statistics (frequency counts, percentages)
 Inferential statistics (regression analysis)
3.7 Data Quality Control
Data quality control measures will be employed to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data,
including:
 Data cleaning and editing
 Data verification
3.8 Assumptions of the Study
The study will assumed that:
 The data provided by the institution's records office will be accurate and reliable
 The data will be a representative of the student population in the College of Agriculture,
Kabba.
3.9 Time estimated (work plan)
I start this project since the month of may, and then it conclude in july 25, I start it with chapter one
(1) in the month of May and chapter two (2) in the month of June with chapter three (3) and chapter
four (4) in July and remaining will be August.
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