Electrolysis

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Starter Date: 3/11/2022

Electrolysis
Date: 11/1/2021
Starter
Title: Electrolysis Date: 7/12/2020

NaCl
sodium chloride

1. What type of bonding is in ClNa?

2. What ions are in NaCl?

3. What is the charge on each ion?

4. Describe the structure of NaCl


C6 Electrolysis
Week 1: C 6.1 Introduction to electrolysis
Week 2: C6.2 Changes at the electrodes
Week 3: C6.3 Extraction of aluminium
Week 4: C6.4 Electrolysis of aqueous solutions

C8 Rates and equilibrium


Week 5: C8.1 Rate of reactions
Title: Introduction to Electrolysis
Success Criteria Key Words

Describe ions in solutions or


molten oxidation
reduction
electrolyse
Describe the movements of ions in ionic
electrolysis solution
molten
anode
cathode
Explain the process of electrolysis of
a molten ionic substance

Homework
What happens when I add an ionic compound to
water (e.g. salt)?
What happens when I add an ionic compound to
water (e.g. salt)?
When an ionic compound is added
to water, the ions are free to move.
This means they can conduct
electricity.

Can ionic compounds


conduct electricity in any
other form?

Yes, they can conduct when they are


molten for the same reason - the ions
are free to move. They can't conduct
when they are solid - the ions cannot
move.

Ionic compounds can conduct electricity


in two forms:
1 - when dissolved in water
2 - when molten
Because the ions are free to move the
elexctroc current
What does it mean?

Electrolysis means 'breaking down using


electricity.'

The compound that is broken down is called the


electrolyte.
Title: Electrolysis
Success Criteria Key Words

Describe ions in solutions or


molten oxidation
reduction
electrolyse
Describe the movements of ions in ionic
electrolysis solution
molten
anode
cathode
Explain the process of electrolysis of
a molten ionic substance

Homework
How it works
Electrolysis

The positive The negative


electrode is electrode is
called the called the
anode. cathode.

The two
+ - rods are called
Electrodes.
They carry the
electric current
Electrolytes are into and away
compounds which from the
conduct + -
solution.
electricity when
molten or in a
solution.
http://www.sciencefix.com/home/2010/11/28/video-demo-water-
electrolysis.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q6bUKhXJohE

Label
anode cathode

negative ion positive ion


electrolyte

http://www.sciencefix.com/home/2010/11/28/video-demo-water-electrolysis.html
Match up
Electrode The process by which ionic substances
are broken down when an electric current
is passed through them.

Electrolyte
Two rods that carry electric current.

Electrolysis A compound that conducts electricity


when molten or in a solution.
Molten ionic
What is happening here? compounds

At the positive electrode, the non-metal At the negative electrode, the metal (positively
(negatively charged) is attracted - it LOSES charged) is attracted - it GAINS electron.
electron. [OXIDATION] [REDUCTION]

Principle: "opposites attract" i.e.,


Each ion will be attracted to the oppositely
charged electrode.
Demo... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4x2ZCSr23Z8

negative positive

Cu2+ Cl-
Cl -

Cl-
Cu2+
Cu 2+
Cl-
molten ionic
compound
Electrolysis Notes:

What happens at the negative electrode?


keywords:
ions
electrons
atoms
- H
H

e-

H+

e-
H+ H+

EXT: why does this happen? opposites attract


Electrolysis Notes:
What happens at the positive electrode?
keywords:
ions
electrons
atoms
+
e-
Cl Cl
Cl --
Cl
e-
--
Cl Cl--

EXT: why does this happen? opposites attract

Oxidation
AFL
-
e- H H
H+

e-
H+
Describe what is
happening here.
AFL

+ Cl Cl
e
-

--
Cl
Cl
e-
Cl -- Describe what is
happening here.
Back to the demo...
negative positive 1. Which ion moves to the
negative electrode?

2. Which ion moves to the


positive electrode?

3. What happens to each ion at


the electrode?
Cu2+ Cl-
Cl-
4. Why does the negative
Cl- electrode become coated in a
Cu2+ brown metal?
Cu2+
Cl-
5. Why do bubbles form at the
EXT: How could we
positive electrode?
test what gas is
produced?
Back to the demo... MS
negative positive 1. Which ion moves to the
negative electrode? 2+
Cu
2. Which ion moves to the
positive electrode? -
Cl
3. What happens to each ion at
the electrode?
copper gains 2 electrons to become an atom
Cu 2+
Cl- chloride loses 1 electron to become an atom
Cl-
4. Why does the negative
Cl- electrode become coated in a
Cu2+ brown metal?
Cu 2+
Cl- solid copper atoms are formed
5. Why do bubbles form at the
EXT: How could we
test what gas is positive electrode?
produced? chlorine gas is produced
Chlorine bleaches litmus paper
Title: Electrolysis
Success Criteria Key Words

Describe ions in solutions or


molten oxidation
reduction
electrolyse
Describe the movements of ions in ionic
electrolysis solution
molten
anode
cathode
Explain the process of electrolysis of
a molten ionic substance

Homework
https://www.kerboodle.com/api/courses/20110/interactives/168167.html?student_assignment_id=&bookmark=
Ple n a r y
PEQ
Ple n a r y
PEQ
Ple n a r y
PEQ

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