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WERBS

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5 views3 pages

WERBS

Uploaded by

mkariansami99
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Verb

1.What is a Verb?

A verb is a word that describes an action, an event, or a state of being. It tells us what the subject of the
sentence is doing (action), what is happening (event), or what condition the subject is in (state).

Examples:

• Action: run, eat, write, jump


• Event: rain, snow, happen
• State: be, seem, appear

2. Types of Verbs

There are various types of verbs:

a) Action Verbs

These express physical or mental actions. They can be either transitive (require a direct object) or
intransitive (do not require a direct object).

• Transitive: “He threw the ball.”


• Intransitive: “She laughed.”

b) Linking Verbs

These verbs do not show action. Instead, they connect the subject with more information about the subject,
often describing a state of being. Common linking verbs include: am, is, are, was, were, seem, become.

• “She is happy.”
• “It seems strange.”

c) Auxiliary (Helping) Verbs

Auxiliary verbs help the main verb to express tense, mood, or voice. Common auxiliary verbs include: be,
have, do, will, can, may, should.

• “She is running.”
• “They have finished.”
3. Verb Tenses

Verb tense tells you when the action takes place. There are three primary tenses, each with four sub-forms
(simple, continuous/progressive, perfect, perfect continuous):

a) Present Tense

• Simple Present: “She runs every day.”


• Present Continuous: “She is running now.”
• Present Perfect: “She has run five miles today.”
• Present Perfect Continuous: “She has been running for an hour.”

b) Past Tense

• Simple Past: “She ran yesterday.”


• Past Continuous: “She was running when it started raining.”
• Past Perfect: “She had run before it rained.”
• Past Perfect Continuous: “She had been running for an hour before it rained.”

c) Future Tense

• Simple Future: “She will run tomorrow.”


• Future Continuous: “She will be running at 5 PM.”
• Future Perfect: “She will have run by noon.”
• Future Perfect Continuous: “She will have been running for an hour by the time you arrive.”

4. Verb Forms

Verbs also change form depending on tense, aspect, and voice. These forms include:

• Base form: the simplest form, e.g., run.


• Past form: for simple past tense, e.g., ran.
• Past participle: used in perfect tenses, e.g., run (same as the base form for irregular verbs).
• Present participle: ends in -ing, used in continuous tenses, e.g., running.

5. Regular vs. Irregular Verbs

• Regular verbs form their past tense and past participle by adding -ed (e.g., walk → walked).
• Irregular verbs have different forms (e.g., go → went, eat → ate).

6. Verb Moods

Verb mood indicates the manner in which the verb expresses an idea:
• Indicative Mood: States a fact or asks a question (e.g., “She is here.”).
• Imperative Mood: Gives commands or requests (e.g., “Run!”).
• Subjunctive Mood: Expresses wishes, hypothetical situations, or conditions contrary to fact
(e.g., “If I were you…”).

7. Phrasal Verbs

Phrasal verbs consist of a verb plus one or more particles (prepositions or adverbs) that change the verb’s
meaning.

• “She gave up smoking.”


• “He looked after the children.”

8. Voice

Verbs can be in active or passive voice:

• Active Voice: The subject performs the action (e.g., “The cat chased the mouse”).
• Passive Voice: The subject is acted upon (e.g., “The mouse was chased by the cat”).

Conclusion:

Verbs are dynamic and versatile. They not only indicate what happens in a sentence but also provide crucial
information about when, how, and under what conditions an action or event occurs. Understanding verbs is
fundamental to mastering sentence structure in English.

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