ELEC2313 FIELD SERVICE REPORT HAND-IN

25 APRIL 2024
JOSH GONZALES, JACKSON WILD
Dear Mr.Chapman,
I hope this le er finds you well. We are happy for the opportunity you’ve given us to work
collabora vely with such a client of such high regard.
At Current Camels, we pride ourselves on our dedica on to excellence and our commitment to
delivering top- er solu ons regarding electrical systems. For the past 4 months we have worked
on the equipment you have requested. Below is the list of equipment you have requested us to
test:
1. 15kV Cables: Our proficiency in maintenance tes ng of 15kV cables has enabled us to
ensure reliable power transmission within your infrastructure.
2. 72kV PotenƟal Transformers: We have demonstrated our capability in handling high-
voltage poten al transformers, ensuring accurate voltage measurement and safe
opera on within your systems.
3. 72kV Current Transformers: Leveraging our experience in current transformer technology,
we have commi ed to tes ng the precision and efficiency of your current monitoring
systems.
4. 3 Phase Power Transformers: Our experience in deployment and maintenance of three-
phase power transformers has played a pivotal role in op mizing power distribu on
across your facili es.
5. 3 Pole 5 kV Circuit Breakers: Our comprehensive understanding of circuit breaker
mechanisms and func onali es ensure the result in the confirma on of the
maintenance on circuit breakers are suitable to their con nued opera on,
The results of each equipment will be in the following page.
Thank you once again for your con nued trust and partnership. We are honored to be part of
your journey towards excellence in electrical systems. Please reach out to us again if you need
any more equipment to be tested on or any complaints.
Warm regards,
Josh Gonzales, Co-Founder, Current Camels
Jackson Wild, Co-Founder, Current Camels
Table of Contents

Title Page ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………. 1

Introductory Le er ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…… 2

Table of Contents ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….… 3

Scope of Work ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4

Summary of Project ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5

List of Deficiencies and Recommenda ons …………………………………………………………………………………………… 7

Appendix A-Test Forms

Cable …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………..13

PT …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….16

CT …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….19

Power Transformer …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 24

Air Circuit Breaker …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 28

Appendix B - DGA Set 1 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 32

Project File 10 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 32

Project File 3 ..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 35

Appendix C – DGA Set 2 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 41

Project File 9 ………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………..41

Project File 15 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 43

Addi onal Informa on

CT Satura on Test Results from Epcor………………………………………………………………………………….….. 49

This project's scope is to perform visual inspec on, mechanical and electrical tes ng of five
different electrical devices in the provided system. The electrical devices include a 15kV rated cable, a
72kV instrument poten al transformer, a 72kV instrument current transformer, a single 3-phase power
transformer and a medium voltage air current breaker. A selec on of tests will be performed upon each
individual device, the results of which will be found in Appendix A, containing all the test forms used.

For the 15kV power cable, a visual inspec on was performed to determine any physical defects,
electrical tests include a shield con nuity test, an insula on resistance test with a dielectric absorp on
ra o calcula on, and a DC HiPot diagnos c test.

For the two instrument transformers mechanical and electrical tests were performed. For the
72kV poten al transformer a visual and mechanical inspec on of the transformer and connec ons was
performed, and the electrical tes ng performed includes: a transformer turns ra o test, a DC kick test,
and an insula on resistance test of the high to low connec on, high to low and ground connec on, low
to high and ground connec on and the high and low to ground connec on, as well as a polariza on
index test for the high to low and ground connec on. For the 15kV instrument current transformer a
visual and mechanical inspec on was performed detailing the mechanical condi on of the device, the
electrical tests performed include: a transformer turns ra o test, a DC kick test, insula on resistance
tes ng for the high to low and ground connec on, low to high and ground connec on and high and low
to ground connec on, a polariza on index test for the high to low and ground connec on and a
satura on test which will generate a curve to be compared to the provided EPCOR test data.

The three-phase power transformer had visual and mechanical test conducted. Electrical tests
for the three-phase power transformer include: transformer turns ra o on as found tap, winding
resistance test on as found tap, capacitance and dissipa on factor test, insula on resistance tests with
calculated dielectric absorp on ra o for the connec ons high to low and ground, low to high and
ground, and high and low to ground. Two dielectric breakdown tests were also performed on the
transformer, using the standard D1816 and D877. An oil sample was drawn for use in a dissolved gas
analysis (DGA). Four DGA were also performed on provided data, the analysis of which can be found in
Appendix B and Appendix C.

Mechanical and electrical tests were performed on the medium voltage air circuit breaker. The
mechanical tests performed include a visual inspec on, and tests of the charge, close, trip and trip free
func ons. Other func on tests include an electrical test of the control circuit for the charge, close, trip
and an -pump relays, as well as pickup tests on the close and trip value. Further electrical tests include a
measurement of the insula on resistant values for each phase (breaker closed) to ground, top to bo om
and ground and bo om to top and ground connec ons. The closed breaker main contact resistance test
was also performed at 10A and 100A, with an open-close-open breaker ming test concluding the
electrical tests.
Summary of Project

Over the course of this project, many tests were performed on each of the five electrical devices
as outlined under the Scope of Work. For this following sec on, an overview of the passing or failing of
each test on the device will be provided, and an overall recommenda on as to whether any single piece
of equipment is suitable for con nued use in the system tested. The following will be the list of specific
deficiencies, and recommenda ons for their correc on.

First, the 15kV cable. This cable has an apparently cosme c defect in the insula on at the
connec on point, this is deemed to not be a hazard as the cable was able to withstand the high stress of
the HiPot test without failing. Furthermore, the IR Test results, as per NETA Table 100.1 are a pass,
indica ng more than sufficient insula on present to safely con nue use of this cable. With the shield
con nuity test also being a pass, the overall recommenda on for the cable is to con nue it’s use. As per
NETA Appendix B, Frequency of Maintenance Tests, con nue to give a visual inspec on every 2 months, a
visual and mechanical inspec on 12 months, and perform electrical tests again in 36 months.

Next is the 72kV instrument poten al transformer. The insula on of this transformer is of good
health, as it withstood the polariza on index test as well as all configura ons of the IR Tests per NETA
Table 100.5. Some small visual defects were noted and are outlined in detail in the list of deficiencies and
recommenda ons. It must be noted that though the transformers turns are accurate to its nameplate
values, the phase devia on is outside the acceptable range as outlined by NETA rule 7.10.2.D. Due to the
shortcoming it is recommended to replace the device as to maintain accurate readings for non-metering
applica ons. At this point it would also be recommended to increase the frequency of electrical tes ng
from every 36 months to every 12 months or even more frequently so as to be er trend the degrada on
of the PT.

For the 72kV instrument current transformer the transformer turns ra o test proved a pass as
the transformer is within the ra o error of that of NETA Table 100.21. The IR Test performed also has a
passing mark with all values being greater than the minimum recommended resistances found in NETA
Table 100.5. The transformer satura on test performed does show a slight discrepancy from previous
tests, further inves ga on is required to confirm whether this is a fault of poorly calibrated test
equipment or fault of the transformer’s accuracy beginning to waiver. Should the la er hold true, it is
recommended to replace this CT before further use as maintain accuracy in protec on and/or metering
of this system. Following a passing test by a more recently calibrated satura on test set, the CT may
return to opera on and con nue the recommended frequency of inspec on and tests as outlined in
NETA Appendix B, with visual and mechanical tests every 12 months and electrical every 36.

The 72kVA 24940 V Delta – 600/347V Wye power transformer also had slight visual defects
noted in the list of deficiencies and recommenda ons. Also to note, though an off-load tap changer is
present, the keyed por on used to change to taps is snapped off and should be replaced to restore
func onality if needed to change the ra o in the future. The as found/as le tap posi on was on the
105% tap. Per NETA Rule 7.2.2.D.3, the measured ra o and percent difference to nameplate value is
acceptable. Per NETA Table 100.5 the results of the insula on integrity tests performed are suitable to
the voltage class of the transformer. Per NETA Table 100.3 The measured dissipa on factor of the
transformer does not meet the minimum recommended value which will result in inefficiencies in its
opera on and a reduced ra ng value for the transformer. Before this, it is recommended to test again
using a test set that has been more recently calibrated. The capacitance values measured are low and of
an expected range, though no previous data is available to compare with to determine if there is internal
shi ing of the winding. Upon comple on of the winding resistance test, it can be said that there is li le
unbalance present between the measured values of the winding resistances for each side, though no
previous data is available to be able to compare to see if there is an increase of resistance over me. As
for the di-electric breakdown tests, D877 and D1816, the oil has a breakdown voltage far under the
recommended minimum from NETA Table 100.4. It is impera ve that the transformer receives an oil
change to restore the di-electric proper es of the oil. With the current state of the oil, it would be
recommended to perform sampling and electrical tests monthly to prevent any catastrophic failure of
the transformer.

The final piece of equipment tested was the 5kV air circuit breaker. This device has a few visual
defects, listed in the following list of deficiencies and recommenda ons. The mechanical tes ng of the
charge, close, trip and trip-free func ons showed that they were all func onal. Tes ng the control circuit
for the motor charging, close, trip and an -pump func on also proved that they were all func onal.
Furthermore, pickup test performed for the open and close coils showed that they were of an acceptable
value falling far lower than the minimum acceptable per NETA Table 100.20.1. All nine connec ons
tested of the main contacts for the insula on resistance test were proven to pass as per NETA Table
100.1. Per NETA rule 7.6.1.3.D.1, results of the contact resistance test are a pass and of a suitably low
level so as to not generate an excessive amount of heat during opera on. Regarding manufacturers data
available the OCO ming test proves that the results are a pass. Overall, the circuit breaker is in good
condi on and suitable to con nue to be in use maintaining frequency of visual inspec ons monthly,
mechanical tes ng every 12 months and electrical tes ng next in 36 months.

Four dissolved gas analysis were also conducted on 4 separate transformers. The results of which
are explained in detail in Appendix B and Appendix C. The results for Project file 10 are that of a healthy
transformer, with some atmospheric exposure. The results for Project File 3 are indica ve of atmospheric
exposure and a fault condi on of high heat (>700°C) thermal decomposi on of the mineral oil. In
appendix C results for project file 9 and project file 15. Project file 9 shows a healthy transformer under
normal running circumstances, and project file 15 can be concluded to be experiencing high temperature
(>700°C) thermal decomposi on.