SCHOOL OF TEACHER EDUCATION

ENG 107
TEACHING AND ASSESSMENT OF LITERATURE STUDIES
1ST SEMESTER, A.Y. 2024-2025

Lesson 1
OVERVIEW ON THE NATURE OF LITERATURE AND ITS
GENRES
MS. JAROL S. BATILARAN, LPT
Instructor

Instructor: Ms. Jarol S. Batilaran, LPT Page 1

Lesson 1 ENG 107 I Teaching and Assessment of Literature Studies
Lesson 1

Topics:

OVERVIEW ON THE NATURE OF LITERATURE AND ITS GENRES

 Literature
 Purpose of Literature
 Genres of literature

Overview:

Literature plays a vital role to students in the classroom. It provides

multiple opportunities and experiences for them to grow. Literature pertains to
the ideas, feelings, expressions, emotions, and thoughts in black and white. It
really helps develop the language skills of students in speaking, writing, reading,
critical reasoning, appreciating of texts, valuing education and other abilities
and qualities that contribute to the substantial enhancement and
development of students. In every successful lesson and application of literature
is always taught by the teachers who have the goals to achieve and that is
learning. Teachers apply different methods, strategies, approaches and
procedures or choose effective and appropriate pathways in their teaching and
assessment. It is very useful to use certain of these in any form of literature in
enabling students to improve their language and literary skills inside and outside
the classroom.

Lesson Outcome:

At the end of the lesson, the students must be able to:

 Defined literature;
 Explained the purpose of literature;
 Identified the genres of literature.

Lesson Content:

Activity Description Time

Overview
1 Discussion 40 minutes
2 Video Clip Presentation 10 minutes
3 Recitation/Open Forum 10 minutes

Definitions of Literature
 Literature is any form of writing which deals with the
significant human
experience – his society and his experiences – which is artistically conceived
for an
effect (Malonzo, 2014).
Instructor: Ms. Jarol S. Batilaran, LPT Page 2
Lesson 1 ENG 107 I Teaching and Assessment of Literature Studies
  Literature is the enactment of human possibilities, or a vehicle that will help
us discover more about ourselves and the meaning we can make of life
(Malonzo, 2014)

 Literature broadly refers to any collection of written or oral work, but it

more commonly and narrowly refers to writings specifically considered to be
an art form, especially prose fiction, drama, and poetry, in contrast to
academic writing and newspapers (Wikipedia).

Literature as Significant Human Experiences

What defines a piece of writing as great literature? One of the elements that
sets literature apart from writing purely for the purpose of entertainment and
escapism is its commentary on the human condition. The human experience in
literature contains themes about life and society that are relatable to readers.
There are endless themes related to the human experience. Here are the
following themes:
 parent-child
 Parent-child relationship
 Death
 Loneliness
 Conformity
 Growing up
 Aging
 Human rights
 Charity
 Equality
 Materialism

Purposes of Literature
 To improve your command of language
 To teach you about life, culture, experience of people in other parts of the
world
 To give you information about other parts of the world which you may never
be able to visit in your lifetime
 To entertain you and provide useful occupation in your free time
 To make you a wiser and more experienced person by forcing you to judge,
sympathize with, or criticize the characters you read about
 To help you compare your own experience with experiences of other people
 To give you information which may be useful in other subjects, for example,
in Geography, Science, History, Social Studies, and so on.

Instructor: Ms. Jarol S. Batilaran, LPT Page 3

Lesson 1 ENG 107 I Teaching and Assessment of Literature Studies
 GENRES OF LITERATURE

DEFINITIONS OF PROSE
 Prose is ordinary language.
 Prose is written in sentences and paragraphs that may include dialogue.
 Most of the literature we read is written in prose.
 It is a form or technique of language that exhibits a natural flow of speech
and grammatical structure.
 It is derived from the Latin word prosa which means straightforward.

DIVISIONS AND TYPES OF PROSE

1. Fiction- this pertains to a narrative form, in any medium, consisting of
people, events, or places that are imaginary. In other words, it is not based
strictly on history or fact.
Examples: short stories, legend, fairy tale letters, folk tale memoirs, novels,
short stories, fables, myths etc.

2. Non-Fiction- It is any document or content that purports in good faith

to represent truth and accuracy regarding information, events, or people.
Examples: essay, report, personal narrative, memoirs, letter, article, journal,
biographies etc.

STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF PROSE

 Sentence – group of words that express a complete thought.
 Paragraph - sentences that are grouped together.
 Dialogue – words or sentences that quote what a person has said
 Sentence – group of words that express a complete thought.
 Paragraph - sentences that are grouped together.
 Dialogue – words or sentences that quote what a person has said.
 Sentence – group of words that express a complete thought.
 Paragraph – sentences that are grouped together.
 Dialogue – words or sentences that quote what a person has said.

Instructor: Ms. Jarol S. Batilaran, LPT Page 4

Lesson 1 ENG 107 I Teaching and Assessment of Literature Studies
DEFINITIONS OF POETRY
 It refers to those expressions in verse, with measures, rhymes, lines,
stanzas, and melodious tone.
 Poetry is an expressive form of writing. It allows the author to share an idea
or insight with others in a meaningful way.
 Poetry is not written in sentences and paragraphs like prose. Instead, it uses
different structures that make it interesting to read.
 It came from the Greek word poiesis which means making.

DIVISIONS AND TYPES OF POETRY

1. Lyric Poetry- in earlier days, it was meant to be sung to the
accompaniment of musical known as lyre.

a. simple lyric- embraces a wide variety of poems and is characterized by

subjectivity, imagination, melody, and emotion.

b. song- short lyric poem which has a specific melodious quality and is
intended to be sung.

c. sonnet- a poem expressing of 14 lines with a formal rhyme.

d. elegy- a poem expressing lament or grief for dead.

e. ode- most splendid type of lyric poetry.

2. Narrative Poetry- it tells a story following an order of events. It includes:

a. ballad- short simple narrative poem composed to be sung and is orally

told from one generation to another.

b. metrical romance- a long rambling love story in verse which is centered

around the adventures of knights and lords, and their royal ladies during
the age of chivalry.

c. epic- a long majestic narrative poem which tells the adventures of a

traditional hero and the development of a nation.

3. Dramatic Poetry- it has the elements that are closely related to drama
because it is written in dramatic form or make use of a dramatic technique.
It includes:

a. dramatic monologue- a combination of drama and poetry which

represents the speech of a character in a particular situation at a critical
moment.

b. soliloquy- passage spoken by the speaker in a poem of a character in the

play except that there is no one present to hear him except the audience or
the reader.
Instructor: Ms. Jarol S. Batilaran, LPT Page 5
Lesson 1 ENG 107 I Teaching and Assessment of Literature Studies
 c. character sketch- poem which the writer is concerned less with complete
or implied matters of a story, but rather with arousing sympathy or
antagonism for, or some interest in an individual.

STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF POETRY

 Verse – one line of poetry
 Stanza – group of verses
 Rhythm – beats or accented syllables
 Meter – pattern of beats or accented syllables
 Rhyme – syllables that sound similar

DEFINITION OF DRAMA
 Drama can also be called a play.
 In its written form, a play includes a cast of characters, dialogue, and stage
directions.
 Drama may be organized in scenes and acts.
 It is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance like play, opera,
mime, ballet, etc., performed in a theatre, or on radio or television.

STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF DRAMA

 Cast- list of characters in play.
 Dialogue – words that tell the actors what to say.
 Stage Directions – words that tell how the stage should look or what the
actors should do.
 Setting - words that tell where and when a play takes place.
 Scenes - sections of the play with similar setting.
 Acts - major sections of a long play.

********************

Reference:
https://www.britannica.com/art/literature/Literary-composition
https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/urdaneta-city-university/education/l1-teaching-and-assessment-of-
literature-studies/23653960

Instructor: Ms. Jarol S. Batilaran, LPT Page 6

Lesson 1 ENG 107 I Teaching and Assessment of Literature Studies
Instructor: Ms. Jarol S. Batilaran, LPT Page 7
Lesson 1 ENG 107 I Teaching and Assessment of Literature Studies