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A. Situation analysis
(RNA) conducted by the Office of National Security (ONS) in collaboration with other humanitarian actors in disaster
management.
The Office of National Security reported that the floods have already claimed six (6) lives and more people, especially
lactating mothers, pregnant women and children, are likely to face the risks of illness from water-borne diseases. Owing
to stagnation of dirt and pool of ponds it is likely that malaria will be on the increase. This is a potential threat to people,
especially those living in the affected communities. The abundance of contaminated water with limited WASH facilities
are a basis for majority people living in the affected communities to be exposed to diseases such as diarrhoea and
cholera. In addition, the flood has undermined the livelihood opportunities of people in the affected communities as it
destroyed crops as well as submerged food stuff in some of the affected households which consequently result to
malnutrition especially for children under five years of age. Based on this background, there is a need for a multi-stage
response, linking relief and recovery interventions for the affected populations. It is on account of these details that
Sierra Leone Red Cross Society and its Movement partners including IFRC, BRC and FRC are exerting efforts to embark
on life-saving activities (assistance programme). SLRCS will continue to monitor and assess the flood situation as it
evolves, remaining agile for further action to save lives.
SLRCS being a key and frontline actor, has been playing crucial role in responding to disaster related incidents. Literally,
it has taken lead role on every disaster that occurred over the years. With respect to the 2nd August 2019 floods, the
SLRCS has been at the centre of the government led multi-agency response plan. Upon getting the flood alert, the
National Society spontaneously mobilised and deployed 20 volunteers to provide First Aid support as well as embark in
Search and Rescue, which is still ongoing. Some three (3) ambulances were deployed to support transportation of 18
persons affected people from their flooded homes in Moiba, Bathurst and Culvert communities to safer areas within the
city, while volunteers supported population by carrying on their bare backs, a total of 40 people to cross the cut-off
communities to main land in Kaningo and Kamayama.
In addition to this, 25 SLRCS volunteers were deployed to carried out needs’ assessment of the affected communities
to ascertain the degree of damage on the vulnerable communities for onward action. They have since been working on
registration of affected households and conducted a flash distribution of 50 blankets and 50 tarpaulins to 26 households
in Tombo community on 06 August,. These volunteers have also been providing psychosocial support to affected
households in Tombo, Culvert, Kroobay, Moiba and Bathurst communities.
SLRCS volunteers helping affected people move to safer areas of Freetown ©SLRCS
At the national headquarters, the SLRCS has activated eight (8) National Disaster Response Team members (NDRT)
to beef up the human resource capacity in the branch for quality and timely response. SLRCS’ contribution to the
response has been widely recognized by both state and non-state actors. SLRCS with support from IFRC and partners
played pivotal role in the rapid need assessment and have been very active in all coordination meetings.
The National Society has organizational structures at the national and district levels organized around programmes and
support units; finance, logistics and procurement including resource mobilization. The NS also has 26 NDRT trained
staff and volunteers with the required knowledge in responding to disasters of every kind. This serves as strength to
facilitate planning, coordination and providing timely response to the flood related issues in Freetown and its immediate
environs. The National Society also recently completed a training for senior, programme and branch managers on how
to ensure good community engagement and accountability within programmes and operations.
SLRCS continues to engage with the IFRC, ICRC and in-country PNSs to solicit support to reinforce the on-going
response.
The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) provides technical support to the SLRCS
through its Sierra Leone Country Office, which is based in Freetown, the West Africa Countries Cluster office in Abuja
and Africa Region Office, in Nairobi, Kenya. The Country Operational Plan (COP) 2019 is supporting a number of IFRC
delegates in Sierra Leone including: Head of Country Office, NSD & Programme Delegate, Finance Delegate, Logistics
Delegate and a number of well-trained national support staff, who are providing technical support to the NS in response
to the floods. Additionally, the IFRC is also supporting SLRCS in the implementation of the Community Epidemic and
Pandemic Preparedness Program (CP3), a pilot project which provides strength to the communities to identify and report
health risk in their respective communities so as to facilitate for timely response.
The IFRC has supported SLRCS in the design of the initial response and is providing resources to coordinate the relief
operation and ensuring that humanitarian assistance is delivered to the affected populations. This proposed emergency
plan of action is an effort to reinforce the on-going response by the National Society. Furthermore, the IFRC continues
to mobilise in-country PNSs and ICRC to support the response.
The Sierra Leone Red Cross Society (SLRCS) with the support of the IFRC is also coordinating the support of RCRC
Movement partners. The Movement is part of the coordination mechanisms at national level, meeting every day from
MDRSL008 – Sierra Leone Floods -- EPoA
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the onset of the disaster. The two bilateral National Societies (NSs), the British and Finish Red Cross in Sierra Leone
support the launch of the DREF to enable the SLRCS promptly respond to the floods. Furthermore, the BRC and FRC
intimated the pledge to avail funds to support other functions falling out of the DREF criteria and other preliminary needs
to flood affected areas outside Freetown.
Other actors present and active in the operational area include the Office of the National Security (ONS), Freetown City
Council (FCC), World Food Program (WFP), UNICEF, World Vision, Plan international, Concern Worldwide, CRS,
CORD Aid GOAL, and Action Aid among others. As at 5th August 2019, the overall response is directed towards
assessment and registration of victims in affected communities. However, only few agencies are currently responding
directly to assist the affected populations. These include the FCC, ONS and CRS with the provision of food and non-
food items.
The Office of National Security has been playing a coordinating role since the onset of the floods; consolidating the
different response support to the operation as well as coordinating resource mobilization along with partners. A meeting
was organized on the 2nd August 2019 to provide update on the disaster to partners and together, agree on the response
mechanism. The meeting resolved at conducting a rapid needs assessment, forming five (5) multispectral zones with
key actors to lead the assessment. The joint assessment has been conducted to collect, collate and consolidate useful
data for response. UN agencies are also supporting the Government to provide timely assistance to the affected people
with WFP coordinating the data collection exercise, ensuring that actual beneficiaries are captured. It is expected that
more UN and INGOs will become involved in the response as more data becomes available.
Needs analysis
Basic needs of affected people including shelter, WASH and related items, food, health including psychosocial support,
and security have been identified during initial rapid assessments already conducted by SLRCS in collaboration with
other disaster management actors. The findings from the recent assessment indicated that the floods have displaced
some households and destroyed livelihoods, including crops in the field (in outskirt communities), and contaminated
water sources, consequently increasing the risk of water borne diseases, with the worst affected being mothers, elderly,
persons with disabilities and malnourished women and children. Majority of the affected households have limited access
to shelter and food due to the destruction by the floods.
The provision of water storage gallons to enhance storage capacity at household level, and hygiene promotion to
address the risk of water borne diseases are among critical immediate needs of the affected population. Other critical
immediate needs include provision of safe drinking water and food.
Targeting
This proposed emergency plan of action targets an overall 5,381 people (896 households) of which 1,800 people (300
households) are direct targets representing 33% of the total 5,381 people affected. The remaining 3,581 (596
households) will be indirectly reached through WASH, PSS, and health promotion activities. Beneficiary selection and
verification will be done using standard selection criteria. The community will be informed of the selection process
through meetings with key stakeholders within the affected communities to outline the response options suggested by
the Red Cross. Beneficiaries selection criteria will also be discussed and decided with these stakeholders, ensuring to
be fair and transparent. This way, the communities will have a chance to influence the operational strategy and provide
key information on needs as they evolve.
The initial beneficiary selection criteria include households that have lost their homes, women headed households,
families with special needs including disabilities, the elderly, lactating mothers, pregnant women and children under five.
These criteria could be revised as situation unfolds.
Scenario planning
This emergency plan of action is based on the assessed current humanitarian situation of the flood affected population
and families, their immediate needs as well as ensuring positive coping mechanisms for the most vulnerable, especially
women, girls, children, the elderly and people with disabilities and special needs. The Sierra Leone Red Cross Society
will continue to monitor the situation given the high predictability of further flooding in the region between August and
September 2019, meaning this plan of action could be revised based on the caseloads and changing context. In an
event of further displacements, there is the likelihood that this plan will be extended to cover an extended operational
timeframe. SLRCS will ensure that all planned actions are aligned with national and state flood response and recovery
framework of the Office of National Security and coordinated with other active partners responding to similar events in
the country.
Risk Assessment
Sierra Leone in 2019 has seen early flood incidents and with further expected rainfall intensity between August-
September, there is high possibility of floods that would affect many communities in the country. These floods may pose
many life-threatening situations, including destruction of houses, livestock, and road networks as well as water and
sanitation facilities. Some communities (e.g. Dodo in the western part of Freetown) have been reported to be cut-off
completely from safe places.
From the last operation Floods and Landslides operation, beneficiary selection was not clear, communication was poor,
people were forced to move from temporary locations - all of this led to high levels of community frustration and as
SLRCS was in the communities doing social mobilization, this often fell on them. To mitigate from this risk, the NS will
work with the affected communities to ensure that SLRCS reputation and trust with communities is protected from the
outset.
In an unstable economy, possible changes in prices and supply chain due to the flooding would also impede the level
and output of implementation. Furthermore, during the flood season, cholera, diarrhoea and malaria cases increase
within population living in flood-prone areas. This added to the fact that livestock diseases are prevalent, increasing the
vulnerability of affected communities to infections, food insecurity and malnutrition, mostly among lactating women,
children and the elderly. As a mitigation measure, NS will work on hygiene and sanitation campaigns to ensure that
affected areas are cleaned up, reducing risks of disease outbreak.
B. Operational strategy
Overall objective
The overall objective of this EPoA is to provide immediate basic assistance to address the most acute needs of 1,800
people (300 households) affected by floods in the capital city of Sierra Leone, Freetown. This will be done by addressing
immediate Shelter, WASH and health/PSS needs of ten (10) communities in the city of Freetown including Kroobay,
Kamayama, Kaningo, Barthurst, Berwick section, Culvert, Mabela, Dodo, Ogu Farm and Clinetown communities.
Proposed strategy
SLRCS, through its thematic core areas of focus will ensure collective response to the direst needs of the flood affected
population. The strategy will include gender-sensitive and protection in all programming, psychosocial support,
community engagement and accountability to affected people.
1. Shelter
The NS will provide shelter related household items (HHIs) to 300 most affected households as follows:
• Replenishment of 50 blankets and 50 tarpaulins distributed to 26 households;
• Procurement and distribution of 300 HHIs kits, with each kit composed of 1 kitchen set (2 saucepans, 1 knife, 1
ladle, 6 cups, 6 plates), 3 mosquito nets, 3 tarpaulins and 3 blankets.
These household kits are already available in the country and in the process of being cleared by the NS and distributions
will commence by 15th of August with support of some 20 volunteers for 02 days.
These items will then be replenished through this DREF operation to reduce waiting time for affected population.
3. Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene: WASH activities for the targeted 300 households with the aim to improve
access to safe water, access to improved hygiene activities and disease prevention in the communities. The
activities will include:
• Procure and distribute 1,800 laundry soaps (2 bars/household) and 11,700 bathing soaps (13 per
household) sufficient for 3 months.
• Procure and distribute 600 jerry-cans of 10 L and 600 buckets of 14L (2 per household for each item);
• Procure and distribute 162,000 Aquatabs, to purify 810,000 litres of water to be used by 1,800 people
for 30 days, as per Sphere standard, each person should have at least 15L of water per day;
• Procurement and distribution of hand sanitizers (2 bottles per household);
• Monitor treatment and storage of water through household surveys and quality tests;
• Conduct 3 days health and hygiene promotion training for 100 volunteers. This will refresh/prepare
volunteers to conduct hygiene and sanitation promotion activities in affected communities;
• Conduct hygiene and sanitation campaign twice a month for 3 months (6 campaigns) to ensure
communities, including their latrines are cleaned up from the debris resulting from the flood. This activity
will be implemented by 100 volunteers (10 per community in all 10 target communities) and sanitation
equipment (shovel, wheelbarrow, rack, cutlass, axe and hammer) will be provided to implement this
activity. IEC materials (1,500 leaflets and 1,000 posters) for HP activities.
Sierra Leone Red Cross visibility will be maintained through procurement of all items under HHIs, WASH, Health,
visibility materials and protective clothing for 100 volunteers involved in this operation. Continued assessments and
monitoring are also integrated in the operation to ensure that the operation is in line with the evolving situation on the
ground.
Human resources
One hundred (100) skilled volunteers will be deployed and insured through this operation, to serve in the various
activities, as described under the Operational strategy. The NS DM coordination team will equally be head the Red
Cross response while IFRC Country office operation, logistics and finance units will provide support to ensure smooth
implementation of activities.
Logistics activities aim to effectively manage the supply chain –including procurement, storage and transport–in
accordance with the operation requirements and aligned to IFRC logistics standards, processes and procedures.
Procurement under this operation will be technically coordinated by the SLRCS with oversight technical guidance of the
IFRC Logistics Delegate in country. All procurement relating to this operation will follow the regulations of the Sierra
Leone government (NPPA) as well as the IFRC standard procurement systems and procedures to ensure transparency
and accountability. Quality inspection will be undertaken at the end of procurement process before items are accepted
and goods received notes signed.
SLRCS will use its warehouse in Waterloo to store items temporarily before distribution to the affected communities.
The relating budget for this operation provides for fuel and minor maintenance cost for four NS vehicles (a truck, a
hardtop jeep and two ambulances) that will be assigned to the operation to facilitate movement during assessment,
implementation and monitoring of the operations.
Communications
National Society has engaged with media twice through jingles and radio discussion programmes from 2nd to 6th of
August. A communication pillar, of which Red Cross is part, was setup as the ONS with request for partners to provide
support in communication activities around response to this disaster.
Airtime for mobile phones is also provided for volunteer team leaders to be used in data collection and communication
from field to HQ.
SLRCS will oversee all operational, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, and reporting (PMER) aspects of the
operation in the flood affected communities. The day-to-day monitoring of the operation will be the responsibility of the
PMER Unit to ensure appropriate accountability, transparency and financial management of the operation. Regular
monitoring of the planned activities will be carried out by the operation team while scheduled monitoring visits will be
made jointly by IFRC/SLRCS teams.
At the end of the operation, a lesson learnt workshop will be organized by SLRCS with IFRC and other stakeholders of
this operation to reflect on implementation. This workshop will allow for informed planning in future operations planned
and implemented by the NS, but also will allow the SLRCS to reflect on its disaster readiness status, given that the
country and specifically this region, is prone to flooding.
The IFRC, through its finance unit in-country will oversee and regulate the financial aspect of the operation. They will
provide the necessary operational support for review, validation of budgets and carry out all expenditure.
Security
To reduce the risk of Red Cross Red Crescent personnel falling victim to crime or violence, active risk mitigation
measures must be adopted. This includes situation monitoring and implementation of minimum-security standards. All
Red Cross Red Crescent personnel actively involved in the operation must have completed the respective IFRC security
e-learning courses (i.e. Stay Safe Personal Security, Security Management, or Volunteer Security). Related to safer
access concern, one of the main benefits of the SLRCS is the nationwide recognition of the National Society. This has
rendered ease and facilitation with community heads, leaders and most importantly the community themselves. The
Sierra Leone Red Cross is well accepted by the community and trusted.
Shelter
People targeted: 1,800 people (300 HH)
Male: 864
Female: 936
Requirements (CHF): 47,765
Needs analysis: The torrential rains starting from 2 August have led to flooding in Freetown, affecting approximately 5,381 people and costing the lives of 6 persons as at now.
Despite the normal peak of the rainy season in August, the soil was previously saturated by rains in July. The affected persons have lost their belongings and had their homes
affected. Informal settlements, including impoverished slum communities, scattered around the city and mostly built in flood or landslide prone areas, are likely to be the most
affected and at risk of further flooding. Given the forecasted rains in the coming days, the situation is likely to evolve, and this operation will be updated to reflect any changes
in the operational strategy.
Population to be assisted: This EPoA targets 300 households or 1,800 people amongst the most affected, living in ten (10) communities in the city of Freetown including
Kroobay, Kamayama, Kaningo, Barthurst, Berwick section, Culvert, Mabela, Dodo, Ogu Farm and Clinetown communities.
Programme standards/benchmarks: Activities under this section will seek to meet Sphere standards.
Shelter Outcome 1: Communities in disaster and crisis affected areas restore and
# of households supported with household items
strengthen their safety, well-being and short- term recovery through shelter and (Target: 300 households or 1,800 people)
settlement solutions
• # of households kits distributed (Target: 300 kits)
P&B
Output • # of assessments conducted (Target: 1)
Shelter Output 1.1: Short-term shelter and settlement assistance is provided to
Code affected households
• % of households providing feedback on SLRCS
response modalities (Target: At least 70% or 1,260
people of the target population provide feedback)
Activities planned 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Week
AP005 Conduct rapid initial assessment of situation
Health
People targeted: 1,800 people (300 HH)
Male: 864
Female: 936
Requirements (CHF): 38,027
Needs analysis: As a result of flooding there is already disruption to health services mainly due to the flooded water spilling over into water wells. Lack of access to safe
drinking water and good hygiene practice will potentially lead to disease outbreak such as diarrhoea and other waterborne diseases in the affected communities within and on
the outskirt of Freetown. The presence of flood waters will heighten the risk of transmission of mosquito borne diseases.
Population to be assisted: 1,800 people or 300 households are targeted under this sector in 10 communities of Freetown.
Programme standards/benchmarks: Activities under this section will seek to meet Sphere standards.
Activities planned
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Week
WASH Outcome1: Immediate reduction in risk of waterborne and water related diseases % of affected people reporting improved hygiene
in targeted communities conditions (Target: 90% or 4,843 people)
WASH Output 1.2: Daily access to safe water which meets Sphere and WHO standards in terms # of people provided with clean water fit for drinking
Output
of quantity and quality is provided to target population (Target: 1,800 people or 300 HHs)
Code
Activities planned 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Week
AP026 Procurement and distribution of aqua tabs, jerry cans,
soap, buckets and hand sanitizers
Activities planned 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Week
AP051 Conduct rapid assessments as needed in the evolving flood situation
AP084 Output S2.1.3: NS compliance with Principles and Rules for Humanitarian Assistance is - # of volunteers trained in CEA
improved
- # of targeted people reached using mobile
cinema
Activities planned 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Week
AP084 Train volunteers in CEA
D. Budget
The overall budget for this operation is CHF 173,092 as seen in below budget.
all amounts in Swiss Francs
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (CHF)
DREF OPERATION
MDRSL008 - Sierra Leone – Freetown, Western Area Flood Response 08/08/2019
Budget by Resource
SFI2
SFI1
5%
Budget by Area of Intervention 5%
AOF2
AOF2 Shelter 47,765 28%
AOF4 Health 38,027
AOF5 Water, Sanitation and Hygiene 69,845
SFI1 Strengthen National Societies 8,005
SFI2 Effective International Disaster Management 9,450
TOTAL 173,092 AOF5
40%
AOF4
22%
Contact information
Reference documents For further information, specifically related to this operation please contact:
For Sierra Leone Red Cross Society (SLRCS)
Click here for: Kpawuru Sandy, Secretary General; mobile phone: +23276100073; email:
• Previous Appeals ksandy@sierraleoneredcross.org
and updates
• Emergency Plan of IFRC Sierra Leone Country Office:
Action (EPoA) Younos Abdul Karim, Head of Country Office, phone: +23279236809; email:
younos.karim@ifrc.org
In IFRC Geneva :
Karla Morizzo, DREF Senior Officer, DCPRR Unit Geneva; email:
karla.morizzo@ifrc.org
How we work
All IFRC assistance seeks to adhere to the Code of Conduct for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent
Movement and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO’s) in Disaster Relief and the Humanitarian Charter and
Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response (Sphere) in delivering assistance to the most vulnerable. The
IFRC’s vision is to inspire, encourage, facilitate and promote at all times all forms of humanitarian activities by
National Societies, with a view to preventing and alleviating human suffering, and thereby contributing to the
maintenance and promotion of human dignity and peace in the world.