2, 4 and 8 Mutiplex LCD Driver: em Microelectronic
2, 4 and 8 Mutiplex LCD Driver: em Microelectronic
2, 4 and 8 Mutiplex LCD Driver: em Microelectronic
V6118
2, 4 and 8 Mutiplex LCD Driver
Description Features
The V6118 is a universal low multiplex LCD driver. The □ V6118 2 is 2 way multiplex with 2 rows and 38 columns
version V6118 2 drives two ways multiplex (two □ V6118 4 is 4 way multiplex with 4 rows and 36 columns
blackplanes) LCD, the version V6118 4, four way □ V6118 8 is 8 way multiplex with 8 rows and 32 columns
multiplex LCD , and the V6118 8, eight way multiplex □ Low dynamic current, 150 µA max.
LCD. The display refresh is handled on chip via a 40 x 8 □ Low standby current, 1 µA max. at +25°C
bit RAM which holds the LCD content driven by the driver. □ Voltage bias and mux signal generation on chip
LCD pixels (or segments) are addressed on a one to one □ Display refresh on chip, 40 x 8 RAM for display storage
basis with the 40 x 8 bit RAM (a set bit corresponds to an □ Display RAM addressable as 8, 40 bits words
activated LCD pixel). The V6118 has very low dynamic □ Column driver only mode to have 40 column outputs
current consumption , 150 µA max., making it particularly □ Crossfree cascadable for large LCD applications
attractive for portable and battery powered applications. □ Separate logic and LCD supply voltage pins
The wide operating range on both the logic (VDD) and the □ Wide power supply range: VDD: 2 to 6V, VLCD: 2 to 8V
LCD (VLCD) supply voltages offers much application □ BLANK function for LCD blanking on power up etc.
flexibility. The LCD bias generation is internal. The voltage □ Voltage bias inputs for applications with large pixel
bias levels can also be provided externally for applications sizes
having large pixels sizes. The V6118 can be used as a □ Bit mapped
column only driver for cascading in large display □ Serial input / output
applications. In the column only mode, 40 column outputs □ Very low external component count
are available to address the display. A BLANK function is □ -40 to + 85 °C temperature range
provided to blank the LCD, useful at power up to hold the □ No busy states
display blank until the microprocessor has updated the □ LCD updating synchronized to the LCD refresh signal
display RAM. □ QFP52 and TAB packages
Applications
□ Balances and scales
□ Automotive displays
□ Utility meters
□ Large displays (public information panel etc.)
□ Pagers
□ Portable, battery operated products
□ Telephones
Fig. 1 Fig. 2
V6118
Absolute Maximum Ratings Handling Procedures
Parameter Symbol Conditions This device has built-in protection against high static
Supply voltage range VDD -0.3V to + 8V voltages or electric fields; however, anti-static
precautions must be taken as for any other CMOS
LCD supply voltage range VLCD -0.3V to + 9V
component. Unless otherwise specified, proper operation
Voltage at DI, DO, CLK,
VLOGIC -0.3V to VDD+0.3V can only occur when all terminal voltages are kept within
STR, FR, COL the voltage range. Unused inputs must always be tied to
Voltage at V1 to V3, S1 to a defined logic voltage level.
VDISP -0.3V to VLCD + 0.3V
S40
Storage temperature range TSTO -65 to +150°C Operating Conditions
Power dissipation PMAX 100mW Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
Electrostatic discharge Operating TA -40 +85 °C
max. to MIL-STD-883C Temperature
VSMAX 1000V
method 3015.7 with ref. to Logic supply voltage VDD 2 5 6 V
VSS
LCD supply voltage VLCD 2 5 8 V
Maximum soldering
TS 250°C x 10s Table 2
conditions
Table 1
Stresses above these listed maximum ratings may cause
permanent damages to the device. Exposure beyond
specified operating conditions may affect device
reliability or cause malfunction.
Electrical Characteristics
VDD = 5V ±10%, VLCD = 2 to 7V and TA = -40 to +85°C, unless otherwise specified
Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
Dynamic supply current ILCD See note 1 100 170 μA
Dynamic supply current IDD See note 1 at TA = 25°C 0.1 1 μA
Dynamic supply current IDD See note 1 3 12 μA
Dynamic supply current IDD See note 2 200 280 μA
Standby supply current ISS See note 3 at TA = 25°C 0.1 1 μA
Control Signals DI, CLK, STR, FR
and COL
Input leakage IIN 0 < VIN < VDD 1 100 nA
Input capacitance CIN at TA = 25°C 8 pF
Low level input voltage VIL 0 0.8 V
High level input voltage for DI, STR, VIH 2.0 VDD V
FR and COL
High level input voltage for CLK VIH 3.0 VDD V
Data Output DO
High level output voltage VOH IH = 4 mA 2.4 V
Low level output voltage VOL IL = 4 mA 0.4 V
Driver Outputs S1 … S40
Driver impedance (note 4) ROUT IOUT = 10µA, VLCD = 7V 0.5 1.5 kΩ
Driver impedance (note 4) ROUT IOUT = 10µA, VLCD = 3V 1.2 2.5 kΩ
Driver impedance (note 4) ROUT IOUT = 10µA, VLCD = 2V 9 kΩ
Bias impedance V1, V2, V3 (note 5) RBIAS IOUT = 10µA, VLCD = 7V 16 20 kΩ
Bias impedance V1, V2, V3 (note 5) RBIAS IOUT = 10µA, VLCD = 3V 18 25 kΩ
Bias impedance V1, V2, V3 (note 5) RBIAS IOUT = 10µA, VLCD = 2V 30 kΩ
DC output component ± VDC see Tables 4a & 4b,
VLCD = 5V 30 50 mV
Table 3
Note 1: All outputs open, STR at VSS, FR = 400 Hz, all other inputs at VDD.
Note 2: All outputs open, STR at VSS, FR = 400 Hz, fCLK = 1 MHz, all other inputs at VDD.
Note 3: All outputs open, all other inputs at VDD.
Note 4: This is the impedance between of the voltage bias level pins (V1, V2 or V3) and the output pins S1 to S40
when a given voltage bias level is driving the outputs (S1 to S40)
Note 5: This is the impedance seen at the segment pin. Outputs measured one at a time.
V6118
Column Drivers
Outputs FR Polarity COL Column Data Measured* Guaranteed
S1 to S40 logic 1 logic 0 logic 1 ⏐ Sx* - VSS ⏐
S1 to S40 logic 0 logic 0 logic 1 ⏐ VLCD - Sx* ⏐
¦ VLCD - Sx* ¦ = ¦ Sx* - VSS¦ ± 25 mV
S1 to S40 logic 1 logic 0 logic 0 ⏐ VLCD - Sx* ⏐
S1 to S40 logic 0 logic 0 logic 0 ⏐ Sx* - VSS ⏐
¦ VLCD - Sx* ¦ = ¦ Sx* - VSS¦ ± 25 mV
Table 4a
*Sx = the output number (ie. S1 to S40)
Row Drivers
Outputs FR Polarity COL Column Data Measured* Guaranteed
S1 to Sn* logic 1 logic 1 logic 1 ⏐ VLCD - Sx ⏐
S1 to Sn* logic 0 logic 1 logic 1 ⏐ Sx - VSS ⏐
¦ VLCD - Sx ¦ = ¦ Sx - VSS¦ ± 25 mV
S1 to Sn* logic 1 logic 1 logic 0 ⏐ Sx - VSS ⏐
S1 to Sn* logic 0 logic 1 logic 0 ⏐ VLCD - Sx ⏐
¦ VLCD - Sx ¦ = ¦ Sx - VSS¦ ± 25 mV
Table 4b
*n = the V6118 version no. (ie. 2, 4 or 8)
Timing Characteristics
VDD = 5V ± 10%, VLCD = 2 to 8V and TA = -40 to +85°C
Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
Clock high pulse width tCH 120 ns
Clock low pulse width tCL 120 ns
Clock and FR rise time tCR 200 ns
Clock and FR fall time tCF 200 ns
Data input setup time tDS 20 (note 1) ns
Data input hold time tDH 30 (note 1) ns
Data output propagation tPD CLOAD = 50pF 100 ns
STR pulse width tSTR 100 ns
CLK falling to STR rising tP 10 ns
STR falling to CLK falling tD 200 ns
FR frequency (vers. 2/4/8) FFR (note 2) 128/256/512 Hz
Table 5a
Note 1: tDS + tDH minimum must be ≥ 100 ns. If tDS = 20 ns then tDH ≥ 80ns.
Note 2: V6118 n, FR = n times the desired LCD refresh rate where n is the V6118 version number.
V6118
Timing Waveforms
Fig. 3
V6118 Data Transfer Cycle, COL Inactive
V6118 as a row and column driver ( COL inactive)
40 bit load cycle, RAM address provided by
address command bits 1 to (n*).
Address Bits Display RAM
Addr. 1 to Addr. n*
LCD Row
V6118 2 V6118 4 V6118 8 Address
(Note1)
10 1000 10000000 10000000 Row 1
01 0100 01000000 01000000 Row 2
0010 00100000 00100000 Row 3
0001 00010000 00010000 Row 4
00001000 00001000 Row 5
00000100 00000100 Row 6
00000010 00000010 Row 7
00000001 00000001 Row 8
Note1: A set address bit corresponds to a write enabled RAM
address, the same data can be written to more than one RAM
address by setting the required address bits .
Fig. 4
V6118 Data Transfer Cycle, COL Active
V6118 as a column driver ( COL active)
48 bit load cycle, RAM address provided by
address command bits 1 to 8.
Address Bits Display RAM
Addr. 1 to Addr. 8
LCD Row
V6118 2 V6118 4 V6118 8 Address
(Note1)
10000000 100000000 10000000 10000000 Row 1
01000000 01000000 01000000 01000000 Row 2
00100000 00100000 00100000 Row 3
00010000 00010000 00010000 Row 4
00001000 00001000 Row 5
00000100 00000100 Row 6
00000010 00000010 Row 7
00000001 00000001 Row 8
Note1: A set address bit corresponds to a write enabled RAM
address, the same data can be written to more than one RAM
address by setting the required address bits .
Fig. 5
V6118
Block Diagram
Note 1: When logic “1” the STR input forces the display RAM address 10000000 (which corresponds to row 1)
has to be selected by the 8 bit sequences. Cascaded V6118s are synchronized in this way. The LCD
picture is rebuilt starting from row 1 each time data is written to the display RAM.
Fig. 6
V6118
Pin Assignment
Name Function Name COL inactive COL
S1..S40 LCD outputs, see Table 7 active
V3 LCD voltage bias level 3 (note 1, 2) V6118 (2) V6118 (4) V6118 (8)
V2 LCD voltage bias level 2 (note 1) S1 Row1 Row1 Row1 Col1
V1 LCD voltage bias level 1 (note 1) S2 Row2 Row2 Row2 Col2
VLCD Power supply for the LCD S3 Col1 Row3 Row3 Col3
FR AC input signal for LCD driver output S4 Col2 Row4 Row4 Col4
DI Serial data input S5 Col3 Col1 Row5 Col5
S6 Col4 Col2 Row6 Col6
DO Serial data output
S7 Col5 Col3 Row7 Col7
CLK Data clock input S8 Col6 Col4 Row8 Col8
STR Data strobe, blank, synchronize input S9…S40 Col7…38 Col5…36 Col1…32 Col9…40
VDD Power supply for logic Table 7
COL Column only driver mode
VSS Supply GND
Table 9
Table 8
Note 1: VOP = VLCD - VSS
V6118
Row and Column Multiplexing Waveform V6118 (2)
VOP = VLCD - VSS, VSTATE = VCOL - VROW
Fig. 7
V6118
Row and Column Multiplexing Waveform V6118 (4)
VOP = VLCD - VSS, VSTATE = VCOL - VROW
Fig. 8
V6118
Row and Column Multiplexing Waveform V6118 (8)
VOP = VLCD - VSS, VSTATE = VCOL - VROW
Fig. 9
V6118
Functional Description display RAM addressing sequence (see Fig.4 & 5). The
Supply Voltage VLCD, VDD, VSS same data can be written to more than one display RAM
The voltage between VDD and VSS is the supply voltage for address. I fmore than one address bit is set, then more
the logic and the interface. The voltage between VLCD and than one display RAM address is write enabled, and so
VSS is the supply voltage for the LCD and is used for the the same data is written to more the one address. This
generation of the internal LCD bias levels. The internal feature can be useful to flash the LCD on and off under
LCD bias levels have a maximum impedance of 25 kΩ for software control. If the address bits are all zero then no
a VLCD voltage from 3 to 8V. Without external connections display RAM address is write enabled and no data is
to the V1, V2, V3 bias level inputs, the V6118 can drive written to the display RAM on the falling edge of STR. Use
most medium sized LCD (pixel area up to 4'000 mm2). address 0 to synchronize cascaded V6118s without
For displays with a wide variation in pixel sizes, the updating the display RAM.
configuration shown in Fig. 13 can give enhanced contrast
CLK Input
by giving faster pixel switching times. On changing the
The CLK input is used to clock the DI serial data into the
row polarity (see Fig. 7, 8 and 9) the parallel capacitors
shift register and to clock the DO serial data out. Loading
lower the impedance of the bias level generation to the
and shifting of the data occurs at the falling edge of this
peak current, giving faster pixel charge times and thus a
clock, outputting of the data at the rising edge (see Fig. 3).
higher RMS "on" value. A higher RMS "on" value can
When cascading devices, all CLK lines should be tied
give better contrast. IF for a given LCD size and
together (see Fig. 10).
operating voltage, the "off" pixels appear "on", or there is
poor contrast, then an external bias level generation STR Input
circuit can be used with the V6118. An external bias The STR input is used to write to the display RAM, to
generation circuit can lower the bias level impedance and blank the LCD, and synchronize cascaded V6118. The
hence improve the LCD contrast (see Fig. 12). The STR input writes the data loaded into the shift register, on
optimum values of R, Rx and C, vary according to the the DI input, to the display selected RAM on the falling
LCD size used and VLCD. They are best determined edge of the STR signal. The display RAM address is
through actual experimentation with the LCD. given by the address bits (see Fig. 4 & 5)
For LCD with very large average pixel area (eg. up to The STR input when high blanks the LCD by
2
10'000 mm ), the bias level configuration shown in Fig. 14 disconnecting the internal voltage bias generation from
should be used. the VSS potential. Segment outputs S1 to S40 (rows and
When V6118s are cascaded, connect the V1, V2 and V3 columns) are pulled up to VLCD. The delay to driving the
bias inputs as shown in Fig. 10. The pixel load is LCD with VLCD on S1 to S40, is dependent on the
averaged across all the cascaded drivers. This will give capacitive load of the LCD and is typically 1 µs. An LCD
enhanced display contrast as the effective bias level pixel responds to RMS voltage and takes approximately
source impedance is the parallel combination of the total 100 ms to turn on or off. The delay from putting STR high
number of drivers. For example, if two V6118 are to the LCD being blank is dependent on the LCD off time
cascaded as shown in Fig. 10, then the maximum bias and is typically 100 ms. In applications which have a long
level impedance becomes 12.5 kΩ for a VLCD voltage from STR pulse width (10 µs) the LCD is driven by VLCD on both
3 to 8V. the rows and columns during this time. As the time is
Table 8 shows the relationship between V1, V2 and V3 for short (1 µs), it will have zero measurable effect on the
the multiplex rates 2, 4 and 8. Note that VLCD > V1 > V2 > RMS "on" value (over 100 ms) of an LCD pixel and also
V3 for the V6118 2 and V6118 8, and for the V6118 4, zero measurable effect on the pixel DC component. Such
VLCD > V1 > V2. STR pulses will not be visible to the human eye on an
LCD.
Data Input /Output Note: if an external voltage bias generation circuit is
The data input pin, DI, is used to load serial data into the used as shown in Fig. 12 to 14, the LCD blank
V6118. The serial data word length is 40 bits when COL function (STR high) will not blank the LCD. When STR
is inactive, and 48 bits when it is active. Data is loaded in is high, the LCD will be driven by the parallel combination
inverse numerical order, the data for bit 40 (bit 48 when of the external voltage bias generation circuit and part of
COL is active) loaded first with the data for bit 1 last. The the internal voltage bias generation circuit.
column data bits are loaded first and then the address bits The STR input, when high, synchronizes cascaded
(see Fig. 4 & 5). V6118s by forcing a new time frame to begin at the next
The data output pin, DO, is used in cascaded applications falling edge of the FR input final (see Fig.6). A time frame
(see Fig. 10). DO transfers the data to the next cascaded begins with row 1 and so the LCD picture is rebuilt from
chip. The data at DO is equal to the data at DI delayed by row 1 each time cascaded V6118s are synchronized.
When cascading devices, all STR lines must be tied
40 clock periods, when COL is inactive and 48 clock
together (see Fig. 10).
periods when COL is active. In order to cascade V6118s,
the DO of one chip must be connected to DI of the FR Input
following chip (see Fig. 10). In cascaded applications the The FR signal controls the segment output frequency
data for the last V6118 (the one that does not have DO generation (see Fig. 7, 8 and 9). To avoid having DC on
connected) must be loaded first and the data for the first the display, the FR signal must have a 50% duty cycle.
V6118 (its DI is connected to the processor) loaded last The frequency of the FR signal must be n times the
(see Fig. 10). desired display refresh rate, where n is the V6118 version
The display RAM word length is 40 bits (see Fig. 6). Each no. (2, 4 or 8). For example, if the desired refresh rate is
LCD row has a corresponding display RAM address which 40 Hz, the FR signal frequency must be 320 Hz for the
provides the column data (on or off) when the row is V6118 8. A selected row (on) is in phasewith the FR
selected (on). When downloading data to the V6118, any signal (see Fig. 7, 8 and 9).
display selected RAM address can be chosen, there is no
Copyright © 2008, EM Microelectronic-Marin SA 10 www.emmicroelectronic.com
06/08 – rev.M
R
V6118
It is recommended that data transfer to the V6118 should COL Input
be synchronized to the FR signal to avoid a falling or The V6118 functions as a row and column driver while the
rising edge on the FR signal while writing data to the
V6118. The LCD pixels change polarity with the FR COL input is inactive. When active, the COL input
signal. On the edges of the FR signal current spikes will configures the V6118 to function as a column driver only.
appear on the VSS and VLCD supply lines. If the supply The former row outputs function as column outputs. In
lines have high impedance then voltage spikes will cascaded applications, one V6118 should be used in the
appear. These voltage spikes could interfere with data row and column configuration ( COL inactive) and the rest
loading on the DI and CLK pins. as pure column drivers ( COL active) (see Fig. 10).
Note: when cascading V6118s never cascade one version
Driver Outputs S1 to S40 with another. If a V6118 8 is used to drive the rows, then
There are 40 LCD driver outputs on the V6118. When
only V6118 8 can be cascaded with it. When COL is
COL is inactive, the outputs S1 to Sn function as row
active the V6118 needs 48 bits of data in a load cycle . 40
drivers and the outputs S(n+1) to S40 function as column bits are used for the column data and 8 bits to address the
drivers, where n is the V6118 version no. (2, 4 or 8). display RAM regardless of V6118 versions (2, 4or 8) (see
When COL is active, all 40 outputs function as column Fig.4, 5 and 10)
drivers (see Table 6). There is a one to one relationship
between the display selected RAM and the LCD driver Power Up
outputs. Each pixel (segment) driven by the V6118 on the On power up the data in the shift registers, the two display
LCD has a display RAM bit which corresponds to it. RAMs and the 40 bit display latches are undefined. The
Setting the bit turns the segment "on" and clearing it turns STR input should be taken high on power up to blank the
it "off". display, then the display data written to the display
selected RAM (see Fig. 11). When finished the initial
write to the display selected RAM, take the STR input low
to display the display selected RAM contents (see also
section "STR Input").
Applications
Two V6118 8s Cascaded
By connecting the V1, V2 and V3 bias outputs as shown, the pixel load is averaged across all the drivers. The
effective bias level source impedance is the parallel combination of the total number of drivers. For example, if
two V6118 are cascaded as above, then the maximum bias level impedance becomes 12.5 kΩ.
Fig. 10
V6118
Microprocessor Interface and LCD Blanking
1) When the microprocessor is reset, the port pin will be configured as an input and so the STR line would float.
The pull-up resistor will ensure that the LCD is blank while the system reset line is active and after until the
port pin is set up by software.
Writing Data to the Display RAM while keeping the LCD Blank
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
V6118
Enhanced Switching from V6118 Bias configuration for a large LCD
Fig.13 Fig.14
All dimensions in mm
Fig.15
V6118
Dimensions of QFP Package
All dimensions in mm
Fig.16
V6118
Package and Ordering Information
Dimensions of Chip Form
Thickness (typ.) = 11 mils Chip size is X = 3657 by Y = 2895 microns or X = 144 by Y = 114 mils
Note: The origin (0,0) is the lower left coordinate of center pads
The lower left corner of the chip shows the distances to the origin
All dimensions in micron
Fig. 17
Ordering Information
The V6118 is available in the following packages:
QFP52, pin plastic package V6118 2 52F Chip form V6118 2 Chip*
V6118 4 52F V6118 4 Chip*
V6118 8 52F V6118 8 Chip*
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