Grammar For Dummies
Grammar For Dummies
Grammar For Dummies
Mrs. Spillane
English I
October 11, 2001
A Strike Out!
then driving. His second strike is when his best friend, Robert
in his car crash. Andy’s third strike and is actually a strike out to
his life is all his issues dealing with his friend’s death. All of these
strikes lead him through great remorse in his social, school, and
reality life.
• Ignore errors
- called “Benign Neglect”
- give students a chance to develop their message
1. Add a participle (-ing verbs): - focus on writing strategies and generating writing
Yawning, students say school is boring.
• Focus Grading/Responding
2. Add an absolute (noun + ing/ed verb): - focus on content, correctness or a combination
Attention flagging, students say school is boring. - be selective marking errors
- focus on ONE or TWO kinds of errors and ignore others
3. Add an appositive (a noun set off by commas):
Students say school, a learning factory, is boring. • Become a Teacher Researcher
- analyze student errors for patterns
4. Add adjectives shifted out of order (adjective noun, adj. & - discover/uncover errors in student thinking or back
adj,): ground knowledge
Disengaged students, unmotivated and uninterested, say
- plan strategic instruction based on observed error patterns
school is boring.
What is
it?
Example
My
Sentence
Rewrites
1. Participles: 2. Absolutes: 3. Appositives 4. Adjectives 5. Action
ing verbs noun + ing/ed shifted out of Verbs
verb • gives the order
• evoke action reader more • uses active vs.
• create details • spotlights an passive voice
• paint more dynamic images • add a second image • speeds up the
detailed image to a noun • intensifies an action
pictures • zoom in on • add sensory image • adds motion
details details • adds rhythm • gives “life” to
• single inanimate
particple = objects
rapid
movement
• expanded
phrases =
slower paced
Allen, Janet. (1995). It’s Never Too Late. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
Hillocks, George Jr. (1986). Research on Written Composition: New Directions for
Teaching. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English
Hillocks, G. Jr. and Smith, M.W. (1991). “Grammar and Usage.” In J. Flood, J.M.
Jensen, D. Lapp and J.R. Squire (eds) Handbook of Research on Teaching the English
Language Arts (591-603).