ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES

INTERVENTION MODULE

Directions: Read the academic text below and create the following outputs:
1. Create a thesis statement for the text.
2. Create a summary for the text. You may use any summarizing technique.
3. Create an alphanumeric outline of the academic text.
How Weather Has Changed World History

It is tempting, and often comforting, to think that humans control their fates. The decisions that
people make in their daily lives can affect many things, and the course of their lives cumulatively
reflects these many small decisions. On the other hand, people cannot control every aspect of their
environments, and forces beyond human control frequently intervene in human affairs.
Notwithstanding many people’s opinion that the weather has little influence in their lives besides
determining what clothes they wear on a particular day, the weather has in fact caused world history
to radically shift in important ways that are still felt today.

Numerous examples from world history document the long-term effects of weather in the
formation of cultures and nations. In the thirteenth century, Khubilai Khan ruled over the vast Mongol
empire, which spanned from the Pacific Ocean in the east to the Black Sea in the west, from present-
day Siberia in the north to Afghanistan in the south. To expand his reign further, Khubilai Khan
mounted two invasions of Japan. Two monsoons, however, caused him to end his attacks. Delgado
(2008) describes legendary accounts of this event: “The legend, oft repeated in countless history
books, speaks of gigantic ships, numbering into the thousands, crewed by indomitable Mongol
warriors, and of casualties on a massive scale, with more than 100,000 lives lost in the final invasion
attempt of 1281” (p. 4). Because of this unexpected defeat, Khubilai Khan decided to stage a third
invasion of Japan, but he died before he could fulfill this ambition. Without these monsoons, Japan
might have been defeated by the Mongols and thus lost its identity as a unique culture, with far-
reaching consequences for Asian and world history.

In the early years of America’s Revolutionary War, which began in 1775, it appeared likely that
the British would crush the armies of her colonial territory and incorporate it back into the empire.
The British troops were a well-trained and disciplined army that was feared worldwide. In contrast,
the American troops were newly trained, sometimes poorly organized, and lacked sufficient resources
to fight effectively. General George Washington could have easily been defeated in the Battle of Long
Island on August 22, 1776. Historical records show that Sir William Howe, the British commander, was
clearly defeating Washington on Long Island and was actually winning handily (Seymour, 1995).
Nonetheless, the weather intervened when a heavy fog rolled in, so the American forces were able to
retreat, regroup, and survive to fight another day. Because of this fog, the United States was not
defeated in its struggle for freedom. Consequently, today’s United Kingdom of England, Wales,
Scotland, and Northern Ireland does not include the United States. The United States is not a
commonwealth of a mother country, as Canada and Australia are, though the United States still has
strong ties to its colonial past.

When Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Russia in the early nineteenth century, he met with early
successes that appeared to guarantee that he might eventually rule the world as his personal
domain. His soldiers captured Moscow and destroyed the city, which encouraged him to push farther
in his military campaigns. However, because of his dreams of glory, Napoleon overlooked the simple
fact that Russian winters are extremely cold. When the temperatures fell below freezing, many of his
soldiers and their horses died in the brutal weather. As Belloc (1926) writes in his classic study of the
Napoleonic wars, “The cold was the abominable thing: The dreadful enemy against which men could
not fight and which destroyed them” (p. 217). As a result of the failure of Napoleon’s Russian
campaigns, his own rule ended relatively soon after. His defeat led to a reorganization of power
throughout the European nations, as well as to the rise of Russia as a major world power.

As these three examples unambiguously demonstrate, the weather has caused numerous
huge shifts in world history as well as in power balances among cultures and nations. Without the
rainy storms of the monsoon season, Japan might be the eastern outpost of Mongolia; without the
appearance of dense fog, the United States might still be a territory of the United Kingdom; and
without winter snow, Muscovites might speak French. Today weather forecasters can usually predict
with a high degree of accuracy when thunderstorms, hurricanes, tsunamis, and tornadoes will strike,
but the course of history cannot be fully isolated from the effects of the weather.
**NOTE: All lessons are posted in our official group chats. Please use that as
your reference.

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY
PASAY CITY EAST HIGH SCHOOL
E. RODRIGUEZ STREET, MALIBAY, PASAY CITY 1300

INTERVENTION RECEIPT
PAGSULAT NG FILIPINO SA PILING LARANG(TEK-VOK)

DATE: _________________

I, _______________________________________ from ________________________received

the (Name of the learner) (Grade & Section)
copy of intervention material, and I am duly obligated to comply this material on or before October
3, 2024. I am fully aware of the consequences of not complying with the intervention on the date
specified, and of failure in submitting the intervention material will result in a failing grade on the
subject.

Thank you.

_______________________________ _____________________________
Student’s Signature over Printed Name Parent’s Signature Over Printed
Name

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY
PASAY CITY EAST HIGH SCHOOL
E. RODRIGUEZ STREET, MALIBAY, PASAY CITY 1300

RECEIVING FORM
PAGSULAT NG FILIPINO SA PILING LARANG (TEK-VOK)

I have received a receipt of intervention to be shown and signed by my legal guardian. I have
received an intervention module from my subject teacher. I am aware of the consequences if the
intervention is not completed.
_______________________________ _____________________________
Student’s Signature over Printed Name Date Received

PAGSULAT NG FILIPINO SA PILING LARANG

INTERBENSYON MODYUL

Panuto: Isulat sa unang hanay ang gusto mong maging trabaho o hanapbuhay
pagkatapos ng iyong pag-aaral. Sa unang bahagi, isulat ang pinakagusto mong
pangarap o trabaho. Kung hindi pa tiyak sa gustong maging, isulat na lamang ang
sa iyong palagay ay posibleng maging trabaho mo balang araw. Isulat naman sa
pangalawang hanay ang mga maaaring paksa ng liham o memorandum na sa iyong
palagay ay maaaring gawin mo sa mga trabahong Napili sa unang hanay. Isulat sa
paraang patalata o sa isang pangungusap ang pangalawang hanay. May
halimbawang makikita sa unang kahon upang maging iyong gabay.
Gusto Kong Maging Trabaho Pagkatapos ng Mga Paksa ng Liham o Memorandum na Maaaring
Kolehiyo Isagawa sa Aking Magiging Trabaho
Halimbawa: Inhinyero Maaaring gagawa ako ng liham pangnegosyo para sa
mga taong nagpapagawa ng kanilang gusali o kaya ay
para sa mga developer ng lupa. Ang paksa nito ay
paglilinaw tungkol sa mga gagamiting materyales sa
gusali at tungkol sa paghingi ng sukat ng lupa.

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