DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A WEB BASED FISH FARM

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY OF AGRIC TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF UMARU ALI SHINKAFI POLYTECHNIC, SOKOTO.

Abstract:

This project aimed to design and implement a web-based fish farm management system for
the Agric Technology Department of Umaru Ali Shinkafi Polytechnic, Sokoto. The existing
manual system faced challenges such as lack of quality information tools, specialists,
technical know-how, and funds. The proposed system aimed to computerize farm
management information to showcase products online to potential buyers. The system was
developed using PHP, MySQL, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, and included features for
recording fish vaccination, feeding, and immunization, as well as displaying farm records
and registered fish information.
 CHAPTER ONE

GENERAL INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

Fish Farm is a part of animal section in the College of Agriculture of Umaru Ali Shinkafi
Polytechnic Sokoto. This study is based on fish farm management information system a case
study of a Fish Farm of Agric Technology Department of College of Agriculture of Umaru
Ali Shinkafi Polytechnic, Sokoto. Fish farm is an example of animal farm which is practiced
for the purpose of animal production.

Once more the direction intention of this project is to computerize farm management
information system (MIS) have been operated manually. MIS in this orgnization was
essentially operated with a great deal of human efforts, and infact the activities of the
organization in this system is less challenging, less complex and hence organizations do this
extents small sized. Management information systems remain the system that aim at
providing information for the management on a regular basis. This call to mind the time
value of information which implies that when the required information is received behind the
period it will be used, the information become useless. MIS tries to inform the manager how
to provide the information.

Management always aim at reading the climax in the decision performance for the attainment
of organizational objective but this existing system could not attract such performance due to
the lack of effective information tool which can provide the management with quality and
needed information and at needed time. This system always result to information over local
which actually decreases the decision performance in any management. Information they say
is power. Quality information is very vital do check in organization. The only information
that can accelerate the management decision performance is the information that process the
good quality of information. Such qualities of information comprises:

(1) Relevance

(2) Accuracy

(3) Completeness

(4) Reliability

(5) Timeliness

Despite these qualities management cannot achieve their objectives. The decision
performance also depends on the manager himself. The manager must be able to identify
problem, define the problem, analyse it and suggest a possible solution to the problem. And
for manager to do these, he must be backup with information required.

Due to the afore mentioned faults and errors associated with the existing system of
management information an alternative system is suggested which is a Automated system.

The technology have created an interesting opportunities for all managers and as the
technology is growing the researcher demand it necessary to let the blowing wind reach the
farm managers (Fish Farm Managers) in their management information system. A software
is developed to replace this manual operation of MIS. This form of software is an expert
system and web-based.

Automated and web-based farm management information system is a software

package that contains a lot of files and recoeds such as files like varieties of Fishes, quantity,
price, weight, subtotal, total amount grand total etc.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

It is very unfortunate that the technology potentials has not been fully or even adequately
realized in the field of farm management information. Very little farm managers have
grabbed this powerful it opportunities. This has put managers and researchers behind. Some
of the problems militating against high decision performance and achievement of
management goals are as follows:

- Lack of quality information tool.

 - Lack of specialist in the field.

- Lack of technical – known how.

- Lack of sufficient fund

- Poor perception of economic benefit.

- Management decline etc.

1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The aim of fish producers is not to simply produce fish but to successfully sell it. The
objectives of this project are:

 To identify the present challenges faced by fish farmers in Nigeria.

 To design and implement a web-base system for the fish farm of Agric
Technology Department of College of Agriculture of Umaru Ali Shinkafi
Polytechnic, Sokoto to showcase their products online to the vast majority
of interested buyers.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The implementation of this project has potential to benefit Polytechnic Community

and Sokoto State in its entirety. This research will create ease to people in general
should they choose to be involved, providing them with easy access to fish farm, safe
and favourable transaction method. Business related processes will be at a faster rate,
more accurate and continuously. Also, there will be a succinct report on each phase
of the implementation of the project and there will be room for further development
and update. This research project is unique among other fish farm apps because of its
payment methods, thus opens a fresh avenue for research in this area, such that other
payment methods can be developed over time which will be in favour of both the
buyer and the seller. This project would help in reducing the number of corrupt
people in such a way that a potential buyer would not go through another person to
buy products instead would buy and pay for it directly. It will help the customers to
find their products with less effort and help the Department to advertise their products
to customers from different parts of Nigeria.
1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This project work is mainly designed to enable the staff responsible for the management of
fish farm of Agric Technology Department of College of Agriculture of Umaru Ali Shinkafi
Polytechnic, Sokoto to use electronic device in the management of the information of the
farm. It’s online interface enables real-time monitoring and management. Some of its major
limitations are:
1. It requires network access which may not be readily available in some urban area
would seem a limiting factor.
2. The cost of setting up an Online Management System is high due to the delicate
nature of such a system.
3. It depends on electricity which may not be possible if there is no electric power from
KEDCO.
1.6 CHAPTER ORGANIZATION

This describes how the chapters of the project are organized. The report consists of
five chapters as outlined below:

Chapter 1: Provides a general overview of what the whole project is all about such as
background and motivation, statement of the problem, aims and objectives,
significance of the project, and project risk assessment.
Chapter 2: Provides Literature Review introduction historical overview, related work,
and summary.
Chapter 3: This chapter depicts the Requirement Analysis and Design.

Chapter 4: This includes the implementation and testing of the project’s components.

Chapter 5: Discussion, conclusion, and recommendation are in this chapter.

Finally reference and appendices part is in last part the report.

1.7 OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS OF BASIC TERMS

Terms associated to this topic are to be defined below.

Computer – A machine used in modern times in organization and homes to manipulate data.
Data – Is a raw fact that has no meaning.
Database – A collection of interrelated data stared with controlled redundancy to serve one
or more application.
Information – Information is a data that has been evaluated. It is a processed data.
Information Overload – A situation in which the sheer amount of information in a system is
simply too great to be coped with by the information management available. It is overflow of
information which slows down decision performance.
Information system- A systematic way of organizing the handling of information, from
information gathering to information retrieval and use.
Management - The process of procuring, allocating, combing and utilizing or
organizational resources expressed usually as 3ms (men, materials and money) through
planning organizing directing and controlling activities of work of the organization member
to reach certain stated objectives.
Management Information System – is an integrated and holistic reporting network system
in an organization that provides planning and controlling information for effective decision
making.
Mobility – This ability of information to move from one point to another, from one person to
another easily and timely.
Open System – This system that interact with its environments. The pigs reared in this
system are always expose to the environment, its feeding and every other thing about the
management is not controlled
System – It is a collection of interrelated and interdependent procedures that are joined
together to perform an activity or a task.
Software – The programs that control the computer operation the system programme controls
the hardware component of computer which application program controls task performed by
computer.
 CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter primarily presents the different researches and other literatures form both
foreign and local researchers, which have significant bearings on the variables included in the
research. It focuses on several aspects that will help in the development of this study. The
study is generally concentrating on the feasibility of Design and Implementation of a Web
Based Fish Farm Management System. The literatures of this study come from books,
journals, articles, electronic materials such as PDF or E-Book, and other existing theses and
dissertations, foreign and local that are believed to be useful in the advancement of awareness
concerning the study.

2.1 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Recently, there has been a lot of enthusiasm near the fishery, especially with rapidly
increased global demand. In India, the fishery is an important economic activity and rising
field with diverse resources and possibilities. Fishery resources are classified into two major
classes, based on their sources which are inland and marine fishery resources. Inland
resources are those that can be collected within the land water resources. On the other hand
the marine fishery resources are collected from the open ocean water. The productions of
fishes are increased with demand. A statistic of the fish production data has been analyzed.
The Federal Government says the demand for fish exceeds 3.6 million metric tons but the
country is only able to produce about 1.2 million metric tons.

Mr Ime Umoh, the Director, Fisheries Department in the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural
Development, made this known at the ‘ Second Dialogue with Regional Economic
Communities (RECS) implementation of Fisheries Governance Project phase 2 (FISHGOV-
2) on Monday, in Abuja. The three-day dialogue is co-hosted by African Union Development
Agency, AUDA-NEPAD, and African Union-InterAfrican Bureau for Animal Resources,
AU-IBAR, with the support of European Union, EU. According to Umoh, Nigerian fish
industry can only produce 1.2 million metric tons of fish from industrial, artisanal and
aquaculture sub-sectors. Umoh, who said that Nigeria had benefited from Phase 1 of the
FISHGOV project, and the success was glaring, expressed optimism that the Phase 2 would
also boost fish production in Nigeria.
Andhra Pradesh is the top fish producing state in India. During 2014-15, the state Andhra
Pradesh (1st) and west Bengal (2nd) has produced 1964.43 and 1617.319 (‘000 tones) fishes
in that order. Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal (WB), Gujarat, Kerala and Tamil Nadu are the
five major fish producing states (Figure 1.2). In West Bengal, the majority of the population
has listed fish as a main course in their regular menu. Therefore; the demands of fishes are
increasing day by day in West Bengal.

2.3 REVIEW OF RELATED SYSTEMS

Information management plays an important role in how well farms are able to deal with
increasing demands. In plant production tasks in the field, agricultural machinery now plays
a key role in process acquisition and documentation of data. It is important that field tasks are
carried out according to plan, and if sudden changes in plan are needed that these follow
standards and regulations and help to improve the outcome (Pesonen et al., 2008).

Determination of the technological solutions for the information management system has two
dimensions; determining user needs and determining the technological infrastructure.
Understanding of user needs in early development state and bringing the knowledge to
designing process is important when constructing new systems so, that they will achieve user
acceptance efficiently (Kaasinen, 2005). The needs are taken into account when designing
the new system architecture and choosing the technology to utilize in the system. Inventory
of available technologies gives understanding of technological resources and possibilities that
we have as building units of the new system. As a result of the creative designing process the
specifications of the new system can be presented.

Management information systems encompass a broad and complex topic. To make this topic
more manageable, boundaries will be defined. First, because of the vast number of activities
relating to management information systems, a total review is not possible.

Those discussed here is only a partial sampling of activities, reflecting the author's viewpoint
of the more common and interesting developments. Likewise where there were multiple
effects in a similar area of development, only selected ones will be used to illustrate
concepts. This is not to imply one effort is more important than another. Also, the main focus
of this paper will be on information systems for use at the farm level and to some lesser
extent systems used to support researchers addressing farm level problems (e.g., simulation
or optimization models, geographic information systems, etc.) and those used to support
agribusiness firms that supply goods and services to agricultural producers and the supply
chain beyond the production phase (Harsh, 2004).

The MIS manager's objective in IS development is to identify a project's goals, environment,

and alternate development strategies, then to evaluate the alternatives and thus select the
approach that will best deliver the system. This is a complex problem that influences the
procedures and work styles of everyone involved. Also, various people involved have
different perceptions of needs and are naturally biased toward familiar approaches
(Berrisford et al., 1979; Brousseau, 1988; Naumann, et al., 1982; Willis, 1988).

2.4 REVIEW OF RELATED TOOLS

The Tools are the item require while carrying the research sign which include Mysqldatabse
PHP HTML and Web Browser and Text Editor and other developing tool.

i. DATABASE

Databases are collections of interrelated data of such a nature that the collections can be
represented as a number of files but not a single file. Depending on the Database
Management System (DBMS) used, these files may be integrated permanently into a single
connected structure or integrated temporarily for each interrogation, known as a query
(Garcia-Molina et al., 2008).

The organization of a database is such data stored in the files can be used as keys to find
interrelated data. SQL/DS, a relational database system developed by IBM, contains a
systems query language called Structured Query Language (SQL) (Martin, 1986).

SQL allows a user to formulate queries that identify the required data. SQL has long been
standard on mainframes and minicomputers and is being widely employed in database
managers that run on microcomputer and personal computer systems. SQL provides a
selection of powerful, flexible data selection tools, without reports, that are uniform across
hardware, operating systems, and programs. SQL commands may be typed in from the
keyboard or read from text files that have been created with an editor (Silberschatz et al.,
2005).

Items of data within the database are primarily linked together in units called records. Data
are retrieved by specifying the values of some of the data items and causing the system to
return all or part of any records where there is a match with the specified items. For example,
given an employee number, a database system may retrieve the employee's salary, the two
items being linked in a payroll record. A DBMS ties together the logically related data in one
or more files by using one of the following structuring techniques during storage, access and
retrieval operations: List structure, hierarchical structure or Network structure, relational
structure and others (Microsoft Corporation, 1999).

A relational database uses indexes to provide quick access to each record based on key values
such as supplier number. An indexed file uses an index that may be (1) separate from the file,
as in a book, or (2) located within the file, as in a telephone directory. Unlike the hierarchical
or network database models, the relational system is structured at the time each query is
posed rather than at the time the database is established (Microsoft Corporation, 2002).

ii. PHP SCRIPT (Hypertext Preprocessor).

PHP is mainly focused on server-side scripting, so you can do anything any other CGI
program can do, such as collect form data, generate dynamic page content, or send and
receive cookies. But PHP can do much more. There are three main areas where PHP scripts
are used.

Server-side scripting: This is the most traditional and main target field for PHP. You need
three things to make this work. The PHP parser (CGI or server module), a web server and a
web browser. You need to run the web server, with a connected PHP installation. You can
access the PHP program output with a web browser, viewing the PHP page through the
server.

Command line scripting: You can make a PHP script to run it without any server or browser.
You only need the PHP parser to use it this way. These scripts can also be used for simple
text processing tasks.

Writing desktop applications: PHP is probably not the very best language to create a desktop
application with a graphical user interface, but if you know PHP very well, and would like to
use some advanced PHP features in your client-side applications you can also use PHP-GTK
to write such programs. You also have the ability to write cross-platform applications this
way. PHP-GTK is an extension to PHP, not available in the main distribution.

PHP can be used on all major operating systems, including Linux, many Unix variants
(including HP-UX, Solaris and OpenBSD), Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, RISC OS, and
probably others. PHP has also support for most of the web servers today. This includes
Apache, IIS, and many others. And this includes any web server that can utilize the FastCGI
PHP binary, like lighttpd and nginx. PHP works as either a module, or as a CGI processor. So
with PHP, you have the freedom of choosing an operating system and a web server.
Furthermore, you also have the choice of using procedural programming or object oriented
programming (OOP), or a mixture of them both.

One of the strongest and most significant features in PHP is its support for a wide range of
databases. Writing a database-enabled web page is incredibly simple using one of the
database specific extensions (e.g., for mysql), or using an abstraction layer like PDO, or
connect to any database supporting the Open Database Connection standard via the ODBC
extension. Other databases may utilize cURL or sockets, like CouchDB.(PHP Group, 2014)

PHP code may be embedded into HTML code, or it can be used in combination with various
web template systems, web content management systems and web frameworks. PHP code is
usually processed by a PHP interpreter implemented as a module in the web server or as a
Common Gateway Interface (CGI) executable. The web server combines the results of the
interpreted and executed PHP code, which may be any type of data, including images, with
the generated web page. PHP code may also be executed with a command-line interface
(CLI) and can be used to implement standalonegraphical applications. (PHP Manual, 2009)

iii. JAVASCRIPT

Is the scripting language of the Web JavaScript is the workhorse of the common Internet
page. It is used to carry out the higher, more advanced functions inherent to more and more
of today's web pages. JavaScript is used in millions of Web pages to add functionality,
validate forms, detect browsers, and much more. The main benefit of JavaScript is to add
additional interaction between the website and its visitors with just a little extra work by the
web developer. It’s allows industrious webmasters to get more out of their website than
HTML and CSS can provide.it is can help to build powerful and reliable applications
including websites and portals to boost your esteemed online business in today's competitive
online business environment. JavaScript development can develop dynamic and interactive
website for your online business according to your requirements. Java Script developers are
masters in developing web portals, content management system (CMS), collaborative
networking systems, shopping carts, API Integration and numerous web applications.
JavaScript creates professional application architecture and develops websites which are fully
optimized, efficient and scalable. JavaScript also improves the volume or quality of traffic to
websites from Search Engines. Java Script enhances server traffic savings and thus supports.

JavaScript’s Object Oriented and at the same time easy to learn and provides immediate
results. The object oriented architecture solves many problems of the older "inline" languages
which start processing from the top and work downs the list of commands. These inline
languages are slow and tedious, and are of limited capability. Object oriented languages
solved the problems inherent to this form of programming by making its objects available to
the rest of the script. JavaScript is used in Website development and enables (just total tech,
2013)

iv. HTML ((Hypertext Markup Language)

The emerging use for HTML on the Web is as a basis for something called a Web
application. In essence, a Web application is a Web site designed to do more than simply
present pages and hypermedia links to its users-it actually acts as a front end for data
processing. For instance, consider the notion of a Web site designed to give a company's
salespeople the ability to access product information and confirm orders while on the road.
Using HTML, the basic interface for this sales database can be made available on the Web.
With the appropriate browser software and an Internet connection (perhaps even over a
cellular modem), a salesperson for your company has nearly instant access to the information
she needs. Once the data are entered on the page, they are passed by the Web server to
programs that process the information-looking up the product in the database or taking the
order. The results of these programs can be generated complete with HTML codes, so that the
answers can be viewed by the salesperson in her Web browser. Not all Web applications are
necessarily business-related-and even the applications that are don't necessarily have to be
limited to employee use. Consider one of the most popular Web applications available: the
Web-based search engine. A web site allows you to do things that are simply not possible in
any other medium. With some of the visual impact of television, the informational utility of
print, and the personal appeal of radio, the Web is an effective tool for taking marketing
information to another level. Products can be explained and offered in depth, along with
pictures, video, sound, and even animation. These Web applications use HTML pages to
offer an interface to a database of Web sites around the world. You begin by accessing the
page and entering keywords, which the Web application passes to a CGI-BIN program. The
program uses your keywords to check the database of Web pages, and then generates an
HTML page with the results. The URL for that results page is returned to the Web server,
which treats it as a standard link. Your browser is fed the link, and it loads the newly created
page, complete with hypertext links to the possible database matches.

v. WEB BROWSER

A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for retrieving,

presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. An information
resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI/URL) and may be a web page,
image, video or other piece of content. Hyperlinks present in resources enable users easily to
navigate their browsers to related resources. Although browsers are primarily intended to use
the World Wide Web, they can also be used to access information provided by web servers in
private networks or files in file systems.( Jacobs, 2009)

The primary purpose of a web browser is to bring information resources to the user
("retrieval" or "fetching"), allowing them to view the information ("display", "rendering"),
and then access other information ("navigation", "following links").This process begins when
the user inputs a Uniform Resource Locator (URL), for example http://en.wikipedia.org/, into
the browser. The prefix of the URL, the Uniform Resource Identifier or URI, determines how
the URL will be interpreted. The most commonly used kind of URI starts with http: and
identifies a resource to be retrieved over the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) (DBF,
2012)

vi. TEXT EDITOR

An HTML editor is a computer program for editing HTML, the markup of a webpage.
Although the HTML markup of a web page can be written with any text editor, specialized
HTML editors can offer convenience and added functionality. For example, many HTML
editors work not only with HTML, but also with related technologies such as CSS, XML and
JavaScript or ECMAScript. In some cases they also manage communication with remote web
servers via FTP and WebDAV, and version management systems such as CVS or
Subversion.
 CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
3.0 INTRODUCTION
System Analysis and Design is the process of examining the business of an organization with
the intention of improving it through better procedures and methods. Analysis of a system
specifically involve looking at a system, determining how well it functions, specifying
changes that needs to be made and the quality or impact of the output that will be achieved.
Designing a system involve integrating various procedures into the subsystems components
and articulating them together into the main system in other to achieve the expected goal.
Analysis and design of a new system requires a modeling methodology. The modeling
methodology creates a representation of the real-world entities of the system.
3.1 RE-STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
The existing system due to its manual nature, has so many problems such as
i. It makes management boring
ii. Lack of sufficient fund
iii. Lack of specialist in the field
iv. Lack of effective means of information dissemination and acquisition
v. Poor perception of economic benefits.
3.2 DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING SYSTEM
Just as it has been said earlier farm management information system has been manually
operated, infact all the activities like input, process and output analysis have been manually
driven and as result, this system was associated with many problems and to wipeout those
problem, hence a call for indebt study of the existing system and automating it in order other
to achieve the proosed objectives.
3.3 ANALYSIS OF EXISTING SYSTEM
Farm management information system remains a system that aim at providing management with
needed information on a regular basis. This call to mind the time value of information which implies
that when the required information is received behind the period it will be used, the information
becomes useless. MIS is not a new concept in farming, it was essentially operated with a great deal of
human efforts – manual and infact the activities of farming at that time were less challenging, less
complex and enhance farming was to that extend small in sized. With the present tempo in the
massive acceptability of computers in farming, jobs for both managers and their subordinates
are change as the farming designs are also changing by becoming flatter and more organic
without any loss in control.
3.3.1 ANALYSIS OF INPUT

It was found that the inputs to the already existing system come in the form of information
contained in paper.

This system has its major inputs as the varieties of farm information and take away.

3.3.2 ANALYSIS OF SYSTEM PROCEDURE

In a study of this nature, before designing a new system, is always very important to make a
thorough investigation so as to know the goal in which the system is set to achieve. It was
investigated that the following due the objective of the existing system.

Start

ENTER PASSWORD & USER NAME

IS PASSWORD CORRECT ?
 SELECT VARIETY

ENTER QUANTITY

IS PRICE
VARIETY
SELECTED ?

DISPLAY PRICE

VALUE
NUMERIC

INPU

FILE

STORA DISPLA
SOURCE GE
DOCUME

PROCESS
3.3.3 OUTPUT ANALYSIS

The output is produced inform of record keeping sales book/form which contain the
processed data. At the process point, it is the responsibility of the farm manager to collect,
organize, and arrange them. After this arrangement, manager then calculate the subtotal and
the total to produce an output.

3.4. FILES MAINTAINED

The file maintained are Document that memorializes and provides objective evidence.

3.5 JUSTIFICATION OF THE NEW SYSTEM

The existing system as mentioned above is associated with many problems. Hence, the need
for a well organized and easy package that put to an end all the short-comings of the manual
system. This new system make it possible and easy to browse the whole compilation within a
second and be equipped with needed information at the needed time for decision making.
Instead of gathering information from difference source as in the existing system, you will
just select the variety you need and all the information about it will be supplied by computer.
It may take the management or manager a day or weeks to make information about all these
varieties available but computer does it within a second. Infact, the new system makes work
easier and more accurate and neat. Moreover, there is a provision for alternative and
modification if the need arise.
 CHAPTER FOUR

SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

4.0 INTRODUCTION

Systems design implies a systematic approach to the design of a system. It may take a
bottom-up or top-down approach, but either way the process is systematic wherein it takes
into account all related variables of the system that needs to be created from the architecture,
to the required hardware and software, right down to the data and how it travels and
transforms throughout its travel through the system.

4.1 NEW SYSTEM DESIGN

4.1.1 INPUT DESIGN

Input requirements are a way of mapping and arranging part into a whole, which satisfies the
objective involve. The input requirement refers to the type of all data used to feed
information into the database file via the program, the format and the input used for the
system. Having analyzed the requirements of the new system, new procedure were
formulated for entering information to the system, they include:

4.1.2 NEW SYSTEM REQUIREMENT

New system requirement is basically the method or techniques by which information is

processed in the new system. It gives a comprehensive explanation of how the new system is
handled. The user here admin, Having logged in, the admin ability to perform certain
actions. The admin has the ability to add users, Delete users, add range number, view modify
fish farm information, can print all the record of the farm.
Figure 4.1: Admin Login Page

Figure 4.2: Admin Dashboard

Figure 4.3: Fish vaccination Recording page

Figure 4.4: Fish feeding Recording Page

 Figure 4.5: Immunization recording page

4.1.3 OUTPUT DESIGN

The new output requirements signifies the necessary expected output generated after
an input process. The only expected output is the information of the farm.

Figure 4.6: Record of Service of Fish

 Figure 4.7: All the information of fish registered in the syste,

4.2 NEW SYSYEM REQUIREMENT

To be used efficiently, all computer software needs certain hardware components or other
software resources to be present on computer. These prerequisites are known as (computer)
system requirement and are often used as a guideline as opposed to an absolute rule. Most
software defines two sets of system requirements: minimum and recommended. With
increasing demand for higher processing power and resources in newer versions of software,
system requirements tend to increase over time. Industry analysts suggest that this trend plays
a bigger part in drawing upgrades to existing computer systems than technological
advancements. A second meaning of the term of system requirements is a generalization of
this definition, giving the requirement to be met in the design of a system or subsystem.

4.2.1 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT

The following minimum software specification is needed:

Operating System : Windows XP/or any newer OS

1. Language Used : PHP

2. Notepad++
3. Xampp
4. Microsoft Word 2010
5. Browser
4.2.2 HARDWARE REQUIREMENT

The program for this project is written in PHP Programming Language. It is designed to run
on both mobile phone and computer once its host. The following minimum hardware
specification is needed:

1. Processor: Pentium IV 1.0GHZ or above

2. RAM : 512 MB or above
3. Hard Disk Drive: 20 GB or higher
4. Internet

4.2.3 HUMAN ELEMENT REQUIREEMENT

The importance of human element in any functional system cannot be overemphasized,

human element aid in the smooth running of any system. They help in executing several
activities in a system. Thus, the new system will operate with the following human elements;

 Admin: The admin helps in regulating the activities in the new system.
4.3 SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

In systems development, a program specification is a document that clearly and accurately

describes the essential technical requirements for items, materials, or services including the
procedures by which it can be determined that the requirements have been met. The
following are the program specification

Operating System: Windows XP, 7, 8 and 10

Front End Tools: FIREFOX 63.3.0 OR GOOGLE CHROME

HTML / CSS
JAVASCRIPT
PHP

Backend: MySQL

Web Server: XAMPP (Local Server)

4.3.1 CHANGE OVER PROCEDURE

This is part of research work that define how to convert from existing system to the new
system after training the user and staff. Due to the stability of the work. Parallel method runs
the new system so as to correct all likely error of the new system, while the old system is still
in operation.

4.3.2 TESTING

Testing is the act of checking a program by means of actual execution whether the program
behaved in the desired manner. In this stage, the program was executed and supplied with the
necessary queries in order to ascertain how the program responds. The importance of
Program test is to help detect and debug all errors that may exist in the program code. At the
course of the program, few Database connection errors was detected and fixed. After which
the software was efficient and ready for use.

4.3.3 SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

The maintenance involves the monitoring, evaluation and periodic modification of the system
so as to make necessary or desired improvements. This is carried out by the personnel with
the use of the available software and hardware. The forms of maintenance that this system
will adopt include the following:

 Inserting new data into the database by the administrator.

 Deleting redundant information from the database.
 Altering the database structure by adding new tables or editing existing ones in order to
meet the changing needs of the website in relation to development (socialization)
 Changing the CSS (Cascading Style Sheet) document for the website which affects the
layout and general theme of the website that is visible to the users.

4.3.4 SYSTEM EVALUATION

All, or at least the majority of modern-day systems offer convenience to its users, and so is
the case with fish farm management system.

4.3.5 SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION

To comfortably use the web application, the administrator should have access to a web server
with XAMMP or WAMM web server installed and running. Once this is achieved, the
administrator can easily upload the relevant files / web resources and other information to the
server, and save as a Webpage which can be browsed from any system connected to the
network. The Webpage can also be used as part of a website to enable easy access to visitors
and personnel. A database administrator should be called upon to properly manage the
database which will be used by the store. The database administrator should work hand-in-
hand with the management of vehicle registration in order to fully understand and represent
the needs of the system before building the database and its schema. The new website should
be tested on a sample of staff and customers before being fully implemented as the new way
of combating crime.
 CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 SUMMARY

The report provided a background on fish farming in Nigeria, highlighting the increasing
demand for fish and the need for efficient management systems. It analyzed the existing
manual system at the Agric Technology Department, identifying its limitations and the need
for an automated system. The design and implementation of the proposed web-based system
were then described, including input and output designs, system requirements, and
implementation procedures. The new system aimed to streamline information management,
provide real-time monitoring, and enable online product showcasing.

5.2 CONCLUSION

The developed web-based fish farm management system addresses the challenges faced by
the existing manual system. It offers a user-friendly interface for recording and managing
farm information, as well as displaying products to potential buyers. The system is expected
to improve decision-making, increase efficiency, and enhance the economic benefits of the
fish farm. However, its success relies on factors such as network availability, maintenance,
and user adoption..

5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS

. Provide adequate training to users to ensure effective utilization of the system.

2. Establish a robust network infrastructure to support the system's online functionality.
3. Allocate funds for regular maintenance and updates to keep the system up-to-date and
secure.
4. Explore integration with additional features, such as inventory management and financial
reporting.
5. Develop a comprehensive marketing strategy to promote the online product showcase to
potential buyers.
6. Consider expanding the system to other departments or farms for wider adoption and
impact.
.
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