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20 views

Paper 1

Uploaded by

Gautam Shrivastava
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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A survey paper on artificial Intelligence

First Sunidhi Shrivastava1 and Anjali saraswat2

ITM University, Gwalior


Sunidhishrivastava.cse@itmuniversity.ac.in,
anjalisaraswat.cse@itmuniversity.ac.in

Abstract. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a transformative


technology that has revolutionized industries and everyday life.
This article explores the fundamentals of AI, its historical
context, current methodologies, and future implications. Key
topics include machine learning, neural networks, ethics, and
societal impact.

Keywords: AI, Machine Learning, Neural Networks, Deep


Learning, Ethics

1 Introduction

Artificial Intelligence, often abbreviated as AI, refers to the simulation


of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think and
learn like humans. The concept of AI has evolved significantly since its
inception, driven by advances in computing power, data availability,
and algorithmic sophistication. This introduction provides an overview
of AI's definition, importance, and the structure of the article.

2 Background Study

To understand AI comprehensively, it's crucial to delve into its


historical development and foundational concepts. AI traces its origins
back to the mid-20th century when pioneers like Alan Turing and John
McCarthy laid the groundwork for computational intelligence. Turing's
seminal work on the Turing Test and McCarthy's coining of the term
"artificial intelligence" in the 1950s sparked initial interest and research
in the field.
Over the decades, AI has evolved through several phases, from rule-
based systems and expert systems in the 1970s and 1980s to the
emergence of machine learning and neural networks in the 1990s and
2000s. Significant advancements in AI have been driven by
breakthroughs in algorithms such as deep learning, which has enabled
computers to analyze and learn from vast amounts of data with
unprecedented accuracy.

3. Existing Methods

In the contemporary landscape, AI encompasses a broad spectrum of


methodologies and applications. Machine learning, a subset of AI,
focuses on the development of algorithms that allow computers to learn
from and make predictions or decisions based on data. Techniques like
supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning
have paved the way for applications in areas such as natural language
processing (NLP), computer vision, and autonomous systems.

Deep learning, a subset of machine learning, has emerged as a


dominant approach in AI, particularly for tasks involving large datasets
and complex patterns. Neural networks, inspired by the human brain's
neural structure, are central to deep learning algorithms, enabling
machines to recognize patterns and make decisions in ways that were
previously unimaginable.

AI applications span various sectors, including healthcare, finance,


transportation, and entertainment. Examples include speech recognition
systems like Apple's Siri, image recognition technologies used in
autonomous vehicles, and recommendation systems employed by
online platforms.

3 Conclusions

In conclusion, artificial intelligence continues to transform industries


and society at large, presenting both opportunities and challenges.
While AI promises enhanced efficiency, innovation, and decision-
making capabilities, concerns about ethics, privacy, and job
displacement remain significant. As AI technologies evolve,
stakeholders must prioritize ethical considerations and collaborate
across disciplines to harness their full potential while mitigating risks.
References/Bibliography

 Russell, S. J., & Norvig, P. (2021). Artificial Intelligence: A


Modern Approach (4th ed.). Pearson.
 Goodfellow, I., Bengio, Y., & Courville, A. (2016). Deep
Learning. MIT Press.
 Floridi, L. (Ed.). (2019). The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy
of Information. Routledge.

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