BM009-4-0-FMTS Differentiation

DIFFERENTIATION

1. Differentiate the following

(a) y = 12 (b)
y = 10 + 2x
(c) y = 14x3 – 3x4 x = 7y + 2y2 – 4y3
(d)
(e) P = 2q2 – 10 + 4q-1 S = 2r + 4r2 + r
(f)
1 9
(g) y = 20x7 + 46x6 – 3x5 – 7x4 + 4x3 – 11x2 + 2x + 57 – +
x x2
5
(h) y = 25x (i) y = 3x + 7
(j) 2y = 3x3 + 10 (k) xy = 2x2 – 5x + 4

dy d2y
2. Find and for the following functions:
dx dx 2
x2 + 1
(a) y= (b) y = (1 – 5x3)3
x
(c) y = ax2 + bx + c (d) y = x2
(e) y=x +x–1
2
(f) y = 4x3 – 2x + 3
x2
(g) y = 6x2 – 4 (h) y=
1 − x2
x 4 x3 x 2
(i) y = (x – 2) ( x + 5) (j) y= + + −1
4 3 2

3. Using the chain rule to differentiate the following functions.

(a) y = (2x − 1)
3
(b) ( )
y = x2 +1
3

(c) (
y = 1 − 4x + 7 x 5 )
30
(d) y = (3x − 4x + 1)
2 8

2
 2 
(e) y = x2 − 3 
 x 

4. Using the product rule to differentiate the following functions.

(a) y = (2x + 1)(4x 3 + 1) (b) y = (3x 2 + 2x )(5x 3 − 3)

(c)
3
(
y = (2x + 1) 2x 2 − 1 ) (d) y = (x + 1) (4x − 1)
2 3

(e) y = (x 3 + 7 x − 1)(5x + 2)

5. Using the quotient rule to differentiate the following functions.

x2 1 + 2x
(a) y= (b) y=
1− x 2
4x 2 + 3x
4x − 2 x +1
(c) y= 2 (d) y=
x +1 2x + 3
2
x
(e) y=
3x − 1

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BM009-4-0-FMTS Differentiation

dy
6. Find in the following cases:
dx
(a) y = sin x (b) y = cos3x
(c) y = sin 2 x (d) y = tan 3 5 x
(e)

6. Find the turning points of each of the following functions, and determine the nature of
the turning points:
(a) y = x2 – 10x + 25 (b) y = -2x2 + 40x + 1000
(c) y = 3x2 + 6x + 5 (d) y = 2x + 1
(e) y = 3x2 – 10x + 4 (f) y = -4x2 + 2x + 10
(g) y = 2x2 – 4x +5 (h) y = -2x3 –15x2 + 10
(i) y = -4x + 6x – 10
2

7. Find the x value of the turning points on the graph of y = 2x3 + 3x2 – 12x – 12 and
determine whether it is a maximum or a minimum point.

8. Find the coordinates of the two turning points of the function y = x3 – 8x2 + 5x +3.

dy
9. For a particular function, = 4x − 3 . If it is known that when x = 1, y = 5, find y in
dx
terms of x.

10. A rectangular sheet of metal having dimensions 20cm by 12 cm has squares removed
from each of the four corners and the sides bent upwards to form an open box.
Determine the maximum possible volume of the box.

Answer:

1. (a) 0 (b) 2 (c) 6x2 (7– 2x)

4(q 3 − 1) 1
(d) 7 + 4y – 12y2 (e) (f) 2 + 8r +
q2 2 r
1 18
(g) 140x6 + 276x5 –15x4 – 28x3 + 12x2 – 22x + 2 + −
x 2 x3
9 2
(h) 125x4 (i) 3 (j) x
2
2( x 2 − 2)
(k)
x2

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BM009-4-0-FMTS Differentiation

d2y
= 1 − x −2 ;
dy 2
2. (a) =
dx dx 2 x3

(b)
dy
dx
( 2
= 3 1 − 5x 3 (−15x2); )d2y
dx 2
= −90x + 2250x 4 − 9000x 7

dy d2y
(c) = 2ax + b; = 2a
dx dx 2
dy d2y
(d) = 2x; =2
dx dx 2
dy d2y
(e) = 2x + 1; =2
dx dx 2
dy d2y
(f) = 12x2 – 2; = 24x
dx dx 2
dy d2y
(g) = 12x; = 12
dx dx 2
dy 2x d 2 y 2(1+3x 2 )
(h) = ; =
( )
dx 1 − x 2 2 dx 2 (1 − x 2 )3

dy d2y
(i) = 2x + 3; =2
dx dx 2
dy d2y
(j) = x3+ x2 + x; = 3x2 + 2x + 1
dx dx 2

3. (a)
dy
dx
= 6(2x − 1)
2
(b)
dy
dx
(
= 6x x 2 + 1 )
2

(c)
dy
dx
(
= 30 − 4 + 35x 4 1 − 4x + 7x 5 )( )
29
(d)
dy
dx
(
= 8(6x − 4) 3x 2 − 4x + 1 )
7

dy  6  2 
(e) = 2 2x + 4  x 2 − 3 
dx  x  x 
dy dy
4. (a) = 32 x 3 + 12 x 2 + 2 (b) = 75x 4 + 40 x 3 − 18x − 6
dx dx
(c)
dy
dx
= 2(2x + 1)2 10x 2 + 2x − 3 ( ) (d)

= 10(x + 1)(2x + 1)(4x − 1)

dy 2

dx
dy
(e) = 20x 3 + 6x 2 + 70x + 9
dx
dy 2x dy − 8x 2 − 8x − 3
5. (a) = (b) =
dx (1 − x 2 )2 dx (
4 x 2 + 3x
2
)
dy − 4( x − x − 1) 2
dy 1
(c) = (d) =
dx x2 +1
2
( ) dx (2x + 3)2

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BM009-4-0-FMTS Differentiation

dy x (3x − 2)
(e) =
dx (3x − 1)2
6. (a) (5,0) Min (b) (10, 1200) Max (c) (-1, 2) Min
 5 13   1 41 
(d) straight line (e)  ,−  Min (f)  ,  Max
3 3  4 4 
(g) (1, 3) Min (h) (0,10) Max, (-5, -3115) Min
 3 31 
(i)  ,−  , Max
4 4 

7. x = 1 (minima); x = -2 (maxima)
 1 103 
8. (5, -47) ;  , 
 3 27 
9. y = 2x2 – 3x + 6
10. Length = 15.146cm
Breadth = 7.146cm
Height =2.427cm
Maximum volume of the box is 262.68cm2 .

DERIVATIVES OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

1. Find the derivative from first principle of the following functions with respect to x.
(a) cosec x (b) cot x (c) cos 2x
2
(d) cot 2x (e) cosec x (f) sin x
(g) 3 sin 4 x (h) cos5x (i) tan x
(j) sin x (k) 2 tan 2 x (l)  cot 3x
(m) sec10 x (n) csc5x3
Answer:
(a) -cosec x cot x (b) -cosec2 x (c) -2sin 2x
cos x
(d) -2cosec2 2x (e) -2xcosec x2 cot x2 (f)
2 sin x
sec2 x
(g) 12 cos 4 x (h) − 5 sin 5x (i)
2 x
cos x
(j) (k) 2 2 sec2 2x (l) − 3 cos ec 2 3x
2 x
(m) 10 sec10 x tan 10 x (n) − 15 x 2 csc(5x3 ) cot(5x3 )

2. Find the derivative of each of the following functions:

(a) 2sin2 x (b) cosec2 x (c) tan2 x
(d) cos2 x (e) sin 3 x (f) sin 3 x
(g) tan 4 x (h) cot4 x (i) sec5 x
(j) cos ec3 x
Answer:
(a) 4 sin xcos x (b) − 2 cos ec 2 x cot x (c) 2 tan x sec2 x

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BM009-4-0-FMTS Differentiation

3
(d) 2 sin 2 x (e) sin x cos x (f) 3 sin 2 x cos x
2
(g) 4 tan 3 x sec2 x (h) − 4 cot3 x cosec 2 x
(i) 5 sec5 x tan x (j) − 3 cosec3 x cot x

3. Find the derivative of each of the following functions:

sin x sec x − 1
(a) y = x 4 sin 2 x (b) y= (c)
1 + cos x sec x + 1
(d)
sin x + cos x
sin x − cos x
(e) (
1 + x 2 cos x ) (f) x cos ecx

(g) sin 2 x cos3x (h) sin 3x

Answer:
2 x3 x cos 2 x + 2 sin 2 x
1 2 sec x tan x
(a) (b) (c)
1 + cos x (sec x + 1)2
(d) −
2
(e) (
2 x cos x − 1 + x 2 sin x )
(sin x − cos x )2

(f) cos ecx(1 − x cot x) (g) 2 cos 2 x cos3x − 3 sin 2 x sin 3x

3 cos 3x
(h)
2 sin 3x

4. Find the derivative of each of the following functions at the indicated points:
 
(a) y = sin 2 x + (2 x − 5)2 at x = (b) y = cot x + sec2 x + 5 at x =
2 6
   1+ sin x 
(c) y = cos 2 x +  at x = (d) y= at x =
 2 3 cos x 4
Answer:
− 36 + 8 3
(a) 4 − 22 (b) (c) 1 (d) 2+ 2
9

5. Find the second order derivative of

(a) sin x (b) x cos x
Answer:
(a) − sin x (b) − x cos x − 2 sin x

x dy
6. If y = x 3 tan 2, find .
2 dx
x x x
Answer: x 3 tan sec 2 + 3x 2 tan 2
2 2 2

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BM009-4-0-FMTS Differentiation

7. Evaluate,
d
dx
( sin 4
)
x + cos4 x at x =

2
and 0.
Answer: 0,0

d2y
If y = cos(cos x ), prove
dy
8. 2
− cot x. + y sin 2 x = 0.
dx dx

9. Find the derivative of each of the following functions.

(a) f ( x) = x 2 sin( x) (b) g ( x) = cos(4 x) (c) g (t ) = 3t cos(2t )
(d) h(s) = sin (s) cos(s) (e)
2
f (t ) = sin( 3t ) cos(4t ) (f) g ( z ) = sin 3 (4 z )

Answer:
(a) x(x cos x + 2 sin x) (b) −4sin 4x
(c) 3(− 2t sin 2t + cos 2t ) (d) (
sin s − sin 2 s + 2 cos2 s )
(e) − 4 sin 3t sin 4t + 3 cos 3t cos 4t
(f) (
12 cos 4 z sin 2 4 z )
10. Find the derivative of the dependent variable with respect to the independent variable
for each of the following.
sin( 2 x)
(a) y= (b) x = 3 tan( 2t ) (c) x = sin( 4t 2 + 1)
x
1
(d) y = 4 tan( 2 − 1) (e) z= (f) q = sec3 (3t )
cos(2t )
(g) y = x 2 csc(2 x) (h) s = 3t cot(2t )
Answer:
2 x cos 2 x − sin 2 x
(a) y' = 2
(b) y' = 6 sec2 2t
x
(c) y' = 8t cos(4t 2 + 1) (d) (
y' = 4 tan( 2 − 1) + 4 2 sec2 ( 2 − 1) )
cos 2t + 2 sin 2t
(e) y' = (f) y' = 9 sec3 3t tan 3t
cos2 2t
(g) (
y' = 2 x 2 csc 2 x cot 2 x + csc 2 x )
(h) y' = 3(− 2t csc 2
2t + cot 2t )
11. Evaluate each of the following.
(a)
d
dx

sin 2 (2 x) cos2 (3x) (b) d
dx
sec(x) tan( x)
d d  sin 2 (t ) 
(c) sec3 (q 2 ) (d)  
dq dt  cos(t ) 

(e)
d
dz
1 + sin 2 ( z ) (f)
d 2
dr
r cos2 (3r 2 )  
Answer:
(a) − 6 cos3x sin 3x sin 2 2x + 4 sin 2x cos2x cos2 3x
(b) (
tan x sec x sec2 x + tan x )
(c) 6q sec3 q 2 tan q 2

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BM009-4-0-FMTS Differentiation

2 cost sin t + sin 3 t sin z

(d) (e)
cos2 t 1 + sin 2 z
(f) −12r 3 cos3r 2 sin 3r 2

12. For f ( x) = sec2 x and g ( x) = tan 2 x, show that f ' ( x) = g ' ( x).
Answer:
f ' ( x) = g ' ( x) = 2 tan x sec2 x

13. For f ( x) = sin 2 x and g ( x) = cos2 x, show that f ' ( x) = − g ' ( x).
Answer:
f ' ( x) = − g ' ( x) = 2 sin x cos x

DERIVATIVES OF EXPONENTIAL AND LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS

1. Find the derivative of each of the following functions:

3x
−
(a) y=e 5x
(b) y=e ax
(c) y=e 2 (d) y = e7 x + 4
7
− x
y=e y= y = e x +2 x
2
2x
(e) (f) e 2 (g)
Answer:
3x
3 −
(a) 5e 5x
(b) ae ax
(c) − e 2 (d) 7e7 x+4
2
7
− x
7e 2
− (2 x + 2)e x +2 x
2
2x
(e) 2e (e) (f)
2

2. Find the derivative of each of the following:

5
y = e x + 2 cos x y = e x + 2 sin x − e x + 2e
2

(a) (b)
3
Answer:
5
e x − 2 sin x 2 xe x 2 cos x − e x
2

(a) (b)
3
dy
3. Find , if
dx
1 1
(a) y = e x − 5e (b) y = tan x + 2 sin x + 3 cos x − e x
3 2
−x
(c) y = 5 sin x − 2e x (d) y =e +e
x

Answer:
1 1
(a) y' = e x (b) y' = sec2 x + 2 cos x − 3 sin x − e x
3 2
−x
(c) y' = 5 cos x − 2e x (d) y' = e − e
x

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BM009-4-0-FMTS Differentiation

dy
4. Find , when
dx
1− x
1
(a) y=e x cos x
(b) y = ex (c) y= e +x
1
x
Answer:
1− x
ex  1 
(a) e x cos x
− x sin x + cos x (b) 1 −  (c) −
2
e +x
1
x  x (1 + x )2

5. Find the derivative of each of the following functions:

x +1
f ( x) = e f ( x) = e f ( x) = e x sin
2
cot x x
(a) (b) (c)
f ( x) = e x sec x
2

(d)
Answer:
e x +1 csc2 xe cot x
(a) (b) −
2 x +1 2 cot x
(c) e x sin x2

(
2 x sin x cos x + sin x
2
(d) ) 2


e x sec x sec2 x(2 x tan x + 1) 
6. Find the derivative of each of the following functions:
(a) f ( x) = (x − 1)e x (b) f ( x) = e 2 x sin 2 x (c) f ( x) = esin x sin e x
(d) f ( x) = e ax cos(bx + c )
Answer:
(a) xe x (b) 2e 2 x sin x(cos x + sin x )
(c) (
esin x e x cose x + sin e x cos x ) (d) e ax − b sin( bx + c) + a cos(bx + c)

dy
7. Find , if
dx
e2x e 2 x cos x e ax
(a) y= (b) y= (c) y=
x2 + 1 x sin x sin( bx + c)
Answer:
y' =
( ) 
e2 x 2 x2 + 1 − x
(x + 1)
(a) 3
2

e 2 x (x sin x )(− sin x + 2 cos x ) − cos x(x cos x + sin x )

y' =
(b)
(x sin x )2
e ax a sin( bx + c) − b cos(bx + c)
(c)
sin 2 (bx + c)

8. Find the derivative of each of the functions given below:

(a) y = ln x (b) y = ln 2 x (c) y = ln x 5
(d) y = ln x (e) y = (ln x )3

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BM009-4-0-FMTS Differentiation

Answer:
1 1 5 1 3(ln x )2
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
x x x 2x x

dy
9. Find , if
dx
(a) y = x 3 ln x (b) y = e x ln x (c) y = ln (tan x )
(d) y = ln cos(ln x ) (e) y = ln (sec x + tan x) (f) (
y = 3 log 7 x 2 + 1 )
Answer:
1 
(a) x 2 (3 ln x + 1) (b) e x  + ln x  (c) cosecxsec x
x 
− tan (ln x )
1 6x
(d)
x
(e) sec x (f)
( )
x + 1 ln 7
2

10. A model for newspaper circulation is C (t ) = 83 − 9 ln t where C is newspaper

circulation (in millions) and t is the number of years (t = 0 corresponds to 1980).
Estimate the circulation and find the rate of change of circulation in 2010 and explain
the result.
Answer:
At 2010, t = 30
C (t = 30) = 83 − 9 ln( 30) = 52.389  52.4 million

Rate of change at t = 30,

9
C ' (t ) = −
t
9
C ' (t = 30) = − = −0.3
30
The circulation in 2010 is about 52.4 million and is decreasing at the rate of 0.3
million per year.

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