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Presentation of Constitutional Law UK USA

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10 views16 pages

Presentation of Constitutional Law UK USA

Uploaded by

subhojeetroy14
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Presentation about

The Structure & Composition of Course Instructor: AFIA JAYNAB


the US Congress, Legislative
Lecturer (Dept. of Law)
Process & Law making in
Congress, Role and significance Northern University Bangladesh
of congressional committees
Introduction:
The United States Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States. It is a bicameral
legislature, meaning it is composed of two separate chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate. Each chamber has
its own distinct characteristics in terms of structure and composition.

The legislative process in Congress is complex and involves many steps. Bills are introduced by members of Congress, then
referred to committees for consideration.

Congressional committees play a vital role in the legislative process. They are responsible for considering bills, holding
hearings, and drafting legislation. Committees also have oversight authority, which means they can investigate the activities of
the executive branch.

Now let’s get into more details about this topic.


Structure of the US Congress
The United States Congress is
the legislative branch of the
federal government. It is
bicameral, meaning that it is
made up of two chambers:
1.The House of Representatives
2.The Senate
• The House of Representatives is the lower chamber of Congress. Its primary responsibility is to
represent the population on a proportional basis. Representatives serve two-year terms. There are no
term limits for Representatives, meaning they can be re-elected indefinitely.

• The Senate is the upper chamber. This means that the House of Representative has more members
than the Senate, but the Senate has more power in some areas, such as approving treaties and
confirming presidential appointments.

• The two chambers of Congress have different roles in the legislative process. The House of Representatives
is responsible for introducing all revenue bills. The Senate can amend revenue bills, but it cannot originate
them. The Senate has the sole power to try all impeachments.

• The two chambers of Congress have different roles in the legislative process. The House of
Representatives is responsible for introducing all revenue bills. The Senate can amend revenue
bills, but it cannot originate them. The Senate has the sole power to try all impeachments.
Composition of the US Congress

The composition of the United States


Congress consists of two separate
chambers:
1. The House of Representatives
2.The Senate
The House of Representatives
• The House of Representatives is the lower
chamber of the Congress.
• It is composed of a total of 435 members.
• The number of representatives from each state is
based on its population, as determined by the
decennial census.
• Each representative serves a two-year
term.
• Members of the House are directly elected by the citizens of
their respective congressional districts.
• The Speaker of the House is the presiding
officer and is elected by the members of the
House
Senate
• Originally, senators
• The Senate is were not directly
the upper elected by the people
chamber of the but were chosen by
Congress. state legislatures. The
• It consists of 100 17th Amendment (1913)
members, with changed this to direct
each state having election by the people.
two senators.
• Unlike the House, the • The Vice President of
Senate's membership the United States
is not based on serves as the
President of the
population. Senate, with the
• Senators serve staggered six-year power to cast a tie-
terms. This means that roughly one- breaking vote.
third of the Senate is up for election
every two years.
Legislative process and law-making in Congress

Introduction of a Bill Committee Review Subcommittee Review

Committee Vote Floor Consideration Vote

Conference Committee (If Final Passage Presidential Action


Applicable)
The Power of Legislation
1. Social Progress and Equality
2. Economic Growth and Stability
3. Environmental Conservation
4. Public Health and Safety
5. Technological Advancement
6. Global Relations and Diplomacy
Role and significance of congressional committees
Congressional committees play a crucial role in the
legislative process and the functioning of the United States
Congress. They are responsible for various aspects of
lawmaking, oversight, and policy development.
congressional committees are essential components of the
legislative process in the United States. They bring
expertise, oversight, and deliberation to the crafting of
laws, the examination of government activities, and the
development of policies that affect the nation. Their
specialized functions and roles contribute to the effective
functioning of the U.S. Congress and the government as a
whole.
significance of congressional committees
• Efficiency and specialization
• Expertise
• Thorough Review
• Oversight and Accountability
• Transparency
• Problem Solving
• Policy Development:
• Check on Executive
Branch
• Citizen Engagement
Role of congressional committees
• Legislation Review and Refinement
• Oversight and Accountability

• Investigative Authority
• Policy Development
• Confirmation and Nomination Process

• Public Hearings and Transparency

• Gatekeeping and Agenda Setting


• Bipartisan Collaboration
• Expertise and Specialization

• Conduit for Public Input


Conclusion: The US Congress is a complex and powerful institution
that is responsible for making laws for the United States. The legislative
process is long and winding, but it is designed to ensure that all voices are
heard and that the best possible laws are enacted. Congressional committees
play a vital role in this process, and they are essential to the functioning of
Congress.

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