Paints (16) Merged

PAINTS
WHAT IS PAINTS??
The paints are coating of fluid

materials and they are applied over
the surface of timber and metals.
Paints is a liquid composition

after application it is convert in
to a solid film.
COMPOSOTION:
PAINTS
BINDER SOLVENT
PIGMENT ADDITIVES
TYPES OF PAINTS
PAINTS ARE CATEGORISED IN TO SEVEN GROUPS:
1. OIL PAINTS
2. SYNTHETIC PAINTS
3. EMULSION PAINTS
4. CELLULOSE PAINTS
5. VARNISHES
6. WATER PAINTS (DISTEMPER)
7. SPECIAL PAINTS
OIL PAINTS
These are traditional type having a

linseed oil medium.
They are respectively termed as

primes, undercoats and
finishing coats.
IT CONSISTS OF VARIOUS COATS:
1. PRIMING COAT
2. FINISHING COAT
3. UNDER COAT
SYNTHENTIC PAINTS
The medium for these is a

chemical compound, one type
being an oil modifed alkyd
resin.
They have the advantages

over oil paints in setting more
quickly and offering greater
durability where corrosion is a
danger.
They also have b better flow

and are easier to apply.
Drying is by evaporation of
the solvent ,by oxidation and
chemical change.
EMULSION PAINTS
An emulsion paint has the pigments and the

medium dispersed as small globules in water.
Oil, synthetic resin and bitumen are common
medium.
the different emulsion paints are alkyd , bitumen,
polyvinyl acetate and styrene emulsion.
They are used mainly on walls surfaces.
Alkyd emulsion paints contain pigments, oil and
synthetic resins, they give a flat finish.
Bitumen emulsion are those of bitumen in water
plus pigment and extenders.
They are for use o asphalt and bitumious
surfaces.
Polyvinyl acetate (p.v.a.) emulsion paints
have a p.v.a. medium and give a finish from flat
to egg shell gloss.
styrene emulsion in corporate the synthetic
resin styrene in several forms and have a
medium gloss.
Oil bound distemper is a better quality having a
mixture of linseed oil, pigment and extenders
Its cost is RS-130/litre.
CELLULOSE PAINTS
These are synthetically

reproduced from cellulose
compounds and most of them have to
be applied as a spray for they dry very
quickly by evaporation of the solvent.
Apart from some kinds metal powders

(aluminium and bronze) they are not
satisfactory for general building work
but can be used for furniture and
fittining houses.
They are widely used in the

motor car industry.
VARNISHES
Varnishes are used to give a transparent film to a surface.
These are of
two kinds
Spirit
Oil varnish varnish
OIL VARNISH:
They contain linseed oil or other
drying oils, dryers synthetic or
naturals resigns and solvents such
as white spirit or turpentine.
They dry by evaporation of the
solvent and oxidation of the oil.
The relative proportions of the oil and
the resins control the usage, if the oil
is predominant a more elastic varnish
reserved for external work .
If the solvent is the major ingredient a
high glass, which dries out rapidly, is
obtained for internal work
Copal varnish is a good quality type.

SPIRIT VARNISH
Spirit Varnish is a solutions of
shellac and spirit resins
dissolved in commercial
Alcohol(methylated spirits).
The are only suitable internals

surface like furniture (e.g.in
French polishing).
Polyurethane varnish is a type of

resin varnish production a very
durable finish.
Its cost is RS- 230/kg

WATER PAINTS (DISTEMPER)
Water paints also known as DISTEMPER.

They are used mainly on internal walls and celling
and most of them give a flat finish.
There are several kinds are prepared on the site
by adding water to make a paste.
They have a drying oil or varnish medium
emulsified in water containing glue or other
fixatives.
Bartyes is a common pigment along with tinting
pigment.
The cheapest type known as soft or ceiling distemper,
contains only a glue size vehicle and tinted powered
chalk.
It can be removed by washing or brushing and so is
only used for ceilings.
It will withstand limited careful washing.
Its cost is RS-42.5/kg.
SPECIALS PAINTS
THERE ARE MANY TYPES OF SPECIAL PAINTS:
ALUMINIUM PAINTS:
1. These are often used as a primer an resinous woods like Columbian and Oregon pine
because they have a good sealing effect.
2. They contain aluminum powder in a quick drying medium.
ANTI-CONDENSATION PAINTS:
1. These containing cork filter and whilst.

2. They are not a substitute for adequate ventilation (the best safeguard against
condensation.)
3. They afford some relief by reducing the transfer of heat.
BITUMINOUS PAINTS:
1. The vehicle for these is mostly bitumen.

2. They provide a cheap method of protection steel where appearance is secondary.
CHLORINATED RUBBER PAINTS:
1. This contains chlorinated rubber combined with pigments and special thinner.
2. The paints offer good resistance to acids and alkals and can be used where fumes from
these chemical arise.
3. They are suitable for internal use on brickwork, concrete and steetwork.
FIRE-RESISTANT PAINTS:
1. These are used increase the resistance to fire of wood and certain building boards.
2. They are several proprietary types incorporating ammonium phosphate.
FUNGICIDAL PAINTS:
1. These include special ingredients which render them resistance to mildew and other
fungoid attack, useful in humid surrounding.
2.
HEAT-RESISTING PAINTS:
1. They incorporate special varnishes and pigment which do not discolour and heating.
IMITATION STONE PAINTS:

1. This imitates natural stone. it contains stone granules in an oil emulsion medium.
TEXTURE PAINTS:
1. These contain different powder and pigment with glue.

2. They used in a stiff consistency to make textured surface on which pattern can be
formed by brush or special implements.
WOOD PAINTS:
1. It consists of various shades in oil sprit or water medium.

PRIMING COAT
Linseed oil, white lead, a small amount of red lead and
extender (white pigment used to increase bulk, prevent
sedimentation and improve spreading)
The lead base is particularly suitable for external work:,
Leadless pigment are for internal use.
UNDER COATS
Linseed oil white lead (tinted if required) and has a
high-quality drying oil.
FINISHING COATS
Oil varnish, pigments of desired colour and perhaps
extenders, and thinners: finishes vary from flat to oil-gloss.
PAINTING TECHNIQUES
Correctly prepared the surface and

using a good quality brush, the top of
the brush is dipped in the paint and the
excess removed by drawing it against
the edge of the tin.
Working from right to left a narrow

strip of the strokes, the area is then
“crossed”.
The surface is then finally “laid off”.
A strip must be joined to its

neighbour as soon as possible and
the work so arranged that the surface
is finished without interruption.
SPARY PAINTS
It is an alternative technique essential for

cellulose paint.
Simple spary equipment comprises a motor

and fan giving a current of air delivered by
tube to a container and spary gun.
The gun has a nozzle from which the paint

is forced in a fine spray when a trigger is
depressed.
An air compressor is used in large

equipment.
Painting by spary is quicker for large areas

then brushing.
It also uses less paint for this has to be thinner.

PAINTING DEFECTS
BLEEDING: Its a disruption and staining of the painted surface by chemical action.
it happens when an incorrect paint is applied over another such as
bituminous one.
The remedy is to remove the old paint and renew with a like one.
BLUSTERING: It is a common failure caused by poor adhesion or by moisture pushing off

the paint.
It is prevented by having a dry background, proper prining and removed
of very resionous.
BLOOMING: It is the mistiness which can appear an varnished or highly glossed surface.
It is due to the presence of moisture draughts or frost during application
or condensation on newly painted areas.
Remedy is to repaint.
BRUSH MARKS: These may be due to the paint being too stiff, by poor workmanship or
by brushing over paint which has partially set.
They are removed by rubbing down with waterproof abrasive
followed by repainting.
CHALKING: It is the powdering of a paint film usually an exposed outside surface.

it is a sign that repainting is necessary and may be due to poor quality paint.
BLEEDING BLISTRING
BLOOMING CISSING
BRUSH MARK FLAKING

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Paints (16) Merged

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PAINTS

The paints are coating of fluid

Paints is a liquid composition

PAINTS ARE CATEGORISED IN TO SEVEN GROUPS:

These are traditional type having a

They are respectively termed as

IT CONSISTS OF VARIOUS COATS:

The medium for these is a

They have the advantages

They also have b better flow

An emulsion paint has the pigments and the

These are synthetically

Apart from some kinds metal powders

They are widely used in the

Copal varnish is a good quality type.

The are only suitable internals

Polyurethane varnish is a type of

Its cost is RS- 230/kg

Water paints also known as DISTEMPER.

1. These containing cork filter and whilst.

1. The vehicle for these is mostly bitumen.

CHLORINATED RUBBER PAINTS:

IMITATION STONE PAINTS:

1. These contain different powder and pigment with glue.

1. It consists of various shades in oil sprit or water medium.

The lead base is particularly suitable for external work:,

Leadless pigment are for internal use.

Correctly prepared the surface and

Working from right to left a narrow

The surface is then finally “laid off”.

A strip must be joined to its

It is an alternative technique essential for

Simple spary equipment comprises a motor

The gun has a nozzle from which the paint

An air compressor is used in large

Painting by spary is quicker for large areas

It also uses less paint for this has to be thinner.

BLUSTERING: It is a common failure caused by poor adhesion or by moisture pushing off

CHALKING: It is the powdering of a paint film usually an exposed outside surface.

BRUSH MARK FLAKING

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