In Transformation exercises, you need to take the information in the first sentence and re-write it, using

the word in capitals so that the second sentence has exactly the same meaning. You cannot change the
word in capitals in ANY way. You can use only a maximum of FIVE words for each space.

PART 1

1. Clothing costs the same as it did last year. CHANGED

a. Clothing prices ______________________ last year.
2. Steve could only go on holiday because his best friend gave him the money. ABLE
a. If Steve’s best friend hadn’t given him the money, he _________________ to go on holiday.
3. We have never met anyone as famous as he is. MOST
a. He ___________________ we have ever met.
4. It’s been three weeks since I last went out. BEEN
a. I ______________________ three weeks.
5. Please, stop biting your nails. WISH
a. I _______________________ biting your nails.
6. There aren’t any eggs left. RUN
a. We ____________________ eggs.
7. It wasn’t Mary’s fault that your property was damaged. BLAME
a. You can’t ____________________ damage done to your property.
8. My mother insisted on my doing some chores every day. MADE
a. My mother ___________________ some chores every day.
9. You might get hungry on the journey, so you should take plenty of snacks. CASE
a. Take plenty of snacks ______________________ hungry on the journey.
10. My parents moved to New Zealand five years ago. SINCE
a. It _______________________ my parents moved to New Zealand.

PART 1 Answers:
1. Haven’t changed since
2. Would have been able
3. Is the most famous
4. Haven’t been out for
5. Wish you stopped
6. Have run out of
7. Blame Mary for the
8. Made me do
9. In case you get
10. Has been five years since
PART 2

1. My sister is not old enough to ride a bike. TOO

a. My sister is ________________ ride a bike.
2. The game is on television live tonight at eight o’clock. BROADCASTING
a. They _______________________ live tonight at eight o’clock.
3. The total sales for this video are already over 1 million. SOLD
a. This video __________________ over 1 million copies.
4. He hasn’t stopped talking since he came into the room. BEEN
a. He _____________________ the moment he came into the room.
5. Seeing a cartoon for the first time was an exciting experience. SEEN
a. I _______________________ before, so it was an exciting experience.
6. What did she have on at the party? WAS
a. What ____________________ at the party?
7. After sitting in front of the computer all evening, I felt sleepy. BEEN
a. I felt sleepy because ________________ in front of the computer all evening.
8. I agree to write the report if you give me the information. WILL
a. Give me the information _____________________ the report.
9. The programme only finished a minute ago. JUST
a. The programme ______________________ finished.

PART 2 Answers:
1. Too young to
2. Are broadcasting the game
3. Has already sold
4. Has been talking since
5. Have never seen a cartoon
6. Was she wearing
7. Had been sitting
8. And I will write
9. Has just
PART 3

1. My sister is not old enough to ride a bike. TOO

a. My sister is _________________ ride a bike,
2. Trains are rarely late in our country. TIME
a. Usually, trains ___________________ in our country.
3. She never stops saying how much she dislikes public transport. COMPLAINING
a. She _______________________ about public transport.
4. My flatmate studies history. SHARE
a. I ______________________ someone who studies history.
5. My neighbour often plays loud music, and it really irritates me. ALWAYS
a. My neighbour __________________ loud music, and it really irritates me.
6. The bus service is our city becomes more inefficient every year. GETTING
a. The bus service in our city __________________ and more inefficient.
7. That blouse and skirt are a perfect match. GOES
a. That blouse ________________________ your skirt.
8. In the end, the motorway was a great success. TURNED
a. The motorway _____________________ a great success.
9. He is often in a bad mood. RARELY
a. He __________________________ good mood.
10. My old teacher never fails to greet me when she sees me in the street. HELLO
a. My old teacher ______________________ when she sees me in the street.

PART 3 Answers:
1. Too young to
1. Are on time
2. Is always complaining
3. Share a flat with
4. Is always playing
5. Is getting more
6. Goes perfectly with
7. Turned to be
8. Is rarely in
9. Always says hello
PART 4

1. Two years ago, Maria started learning English. FOR

a. Maria __________________________ two years.
2. The opening night of the new film will probably attract a lot of people. LIKELY
a. The opening night of the new film __________________ attract a lot of people.
3. It was the sculpture that interested Tom most at the exhibition. FOUND
a. Tom _________________________ most interesting part of the exhibition.
4. According to the programme, the play starts at 7.30pm. DUE
a. The play _______________________ start at 7.30pm.
5. Denise will certainly be late because she didn’t leave home until 7 o’clock. BOUND
a. Denise ___________________ be late because she didn’t leave home until 7 o’clock.
6. I’m sure you’ll be amused by the latest Bond film. FIND
a. I’m sure _____________ the latest Bond film amusing.
7. We rarely go to the cinema these days. HARDLY
a. We __________________ to the cinema these days.
8. Would the idea of going to a concert appeal to you? FEEL
a. How _____________________ going to a concert?
9. My sister thinks Hugh Grant is wonderful. FAN
a. My sister __________________________ Hugh Grant.
10. There is both a pop and jazz music on the programme. WELL
a. The programme includes jazz ___________________ pop music.
11. Jerry’s leadership probably saved the men’s lives. WOULD
a. Without Jerry’s leadership, his men _________________ dead.
12. Angela de Clerk was the first woman ever to climb the northern side of the mountain. HAD
a. Before Angela de Clerk, no woman _________________ the northern side of the mountain.
13. I expected carving to be more frightening than it actually was. NOT
a. Carving _______________________ I had expected.
14. The instructor told us that a diver needs to be physically fit. IMPORTANT
a. The instructor told us that physical fitness ___________________ a diver.

PART 4 Answers:
1. Has been learning English for
2. Is likely to
3. Found the sculpture the
4. Is due to
5. Was bound to
6. You will find
7. Hardly ever go
8. Do you feel about
9. Is a great fan of
10. As well as
11. Would be
12. Had ever climbed
13. Was not as frightening as
14. Is important for
 PART 5

1. I had always wanted to try skiing. GO

a. I had always wanted __________________ skiing.
2. The teacher explained everything clearly and precisely. WERE
a. The teacher’s ______________________ clear and precise.
3. Johnny likes to play computer games. ENJOYS
a. Johnny _________________________ computer games.
4. I don’t think you ought to write in that book. WERE
a. If I ___________________ write in that book.
5. Learning the names of all the world’s rivers seems pointless to me. SEE
a. I cannot ____________________ learning the names of all the world’s rivers.
6. Ian was a great fan of Shakespeare’s plays as a teenager. KEEN
a. As a teenager, Ian _______________________ Shakespeare’s plays.
7. Chloe finds it hard to do her maths homework on her own. DIFFICULTY
a. Chloe ____________________ her maths homework on her own.
8. After I graduate, I’d like to become a vet. AMBITION
a. It _______________________ a ver after I graduate.
9. Janice can’t wait to hear Tom’s story. FORWARD
a. Janice _____________________ Tom’s story.
10. Glenys is willing to help her brother with his homework. MIND
a. Glenys _____________________ her brother with his homework.
11. The size of the city came as a surprise to Peter. HOW
a. Peter _____________________ big the city was.
12. It is easy to see why the Taj Mahal is such a big attraction for tourists. SO
a. It is easy to see why the Taj Mahal ___________________ tourists.
13. I much prefer city life to country life. BETTER
a. I think living in the city _____________________ living in the country.
14. The Notting Hill Carnival is an annual event that happens in August. TAKES
a. London’s Notting Hill Carnival ___________________ year in August.

PART 5 Answers:
1. To go
2. explanations were
3. enjoys playing
4. were you, I would not
5. see myself
6. was (very) keen on
7. has some difficulty in/with
8. is my ambition to become
9. is looking forward to hearing
10. does not mind helping
11. was surprised at how
12. is so attractive for
13. is better than
14. takes place every
PART 6

1. I haven't been to a concert for a long time. SINCE

a. It's a long time _____________________________ to a concert.
2. Why don't you learn a musical instrument? WERE
a. If I _____________________________ a musical instrument.
3. If you don't practise the piano every day, you won't improve. PLAY
a. You won't improve unless you _____________________________.
4. There are only a few concerts this month. MANY
a. There _____________________________ this month.
5. This room is too small for us to play music in. ENOUGH
a. This room isn't _____________________________ to play music in.
6. I prefer playing the guitar to playing the piano. THAN
a. I like _____________________________ playing the piano.
7. It took them a long time to decide which concert to go to. DECIDING
a. They _____________________________ which concert to go to.
8. We could not take our instruments on the plane. ALLOWED
a. We _____________________________ take our instruments on the plane.
9. The neighbour complained the music at our party was too loud. QUIETLY
a. We had to play the _____________________________ the neighbour complained.
10. The bus station is near the new shopping centre. FAR
a. The bus station _____________________________ the new shopping centre.
11. I've never been to this shop before. TIME
a. This is _____________________________ I’ve been in this shop.
12. The choice of food here is not as good as in the market. BETTER
a. The choice of food in _____________________________ here.
13. There is late-night shopping on Thursday. OPEN
a. The shops _____________________________ on Thursday.
14. Shall we go into town this afternoon? WOULD
a. _____________________________ go into town this afternoon?

PART 6 Answers:
1. Since I went
2. Were you, I would learn
3. Practise the piano every day.
4. Are not many concerts
5. Big enough for us
6. playing the guitar better than
7. spent a long time deciding
8. were not allowed to
9. music quietly because
10. is not far from
11. the first time
12. the market is better than
13. are open till late
14. Would you like to
PART 7 Higher Level

1. Many people think Steve stole the money. BELIEVED

a. Steve _____________________________ the money.
2. The strong winds blew down the two ancient trees during the storm. BLOWN
a. The two ancient trees _____________________________ the storm.
3. He doesn't have enough money to buy the computer. TOO
a. The computer _____________________________ to buy.
4. "You should start a new hobby, Mr. Jenkins", the doctor said. TAKE
a. The Doctor advised _____________________________ a new hobby.
5. We have been waiting here since half past ten. FOR
a. We have been waiting _____________________________ one hour.
6. The man suddenly realised that the neighbour was watching him. WATCHED
a. The man suddenly realised that he _____________________________ the neighbour.
7. I could never have passed that exam without your help. YOU
a. I could never have passed that exam _____________________________ me.
8. We paid some people to landscape the garden for us last year. HAD
a. We _____________________________ last year.

PART 7 Answers:
1. Was believed to have stolen
2. Were blown down during
3. Is too expensive
4. Mr. Jenkins to take up
5. For more than
6. Was being watched by
7. If you hadn’t helped
8. Had our garden landscaped
PART 8

1. I’m sure he’s not Michael Jackson. He died a few years ago! BE
a. He _______________________ because he died a few years ago.
2. It’s possible that in the sales cameras will be cheap enough for me to afford one. ABLE
a. I __________________________ a camera in the sales if they are cheap enough.
3. I think Sarah isn’t very ill, because I saw her shopping this morning. BE
a. Sarah ____________________ because I saw her shopping this morning.
4. Perhaps Filip is from the Czech Republic – he speaks Czech very well. COULD
a. Filip ________________________ the Czech Republic because his Czech is very good.
5. He is so rich that I am sure he is always happy. MUST
a. He is so rich that ________________ happy.
6. He looks so pale that I’m sure he has seen a ghost. MUST
a. He _________________ ghost because now he looks very pale.
7. I think Alice worked at a hotel last summer, but I’m not sure. MIGHT
a. Alice ________________ at a hotel last summer.
8. Jana speaks excellent Finnish so I’m sure she’s lived in Finland at some point. HAVE
a. Jana ______________________ Finland at some point because she speaks excellent Finnish.
9. Adam is so loud now that I’m sure he wasn’t a quiet child! BEEN
a. Adam ____________________ a quiet child because he’s so loud now.
10. She is so scared of dogs, that maybe a dog bit her when she was little. BITTEN
a. She is so scared of dogs that she _____________________ a dog when she was little.
11. I know he wasn’t in London on Saturday because I saw him in Newcastle. HAVE
a. He _______________________ in London on Saturday because I saw him in Newcastle.
12. She was so happy on Monday morning that I’m sure she had a good weekend. HAD
a. She was so happy on Monday morning that _______________________ a good weekend.
13. I think Will’s tired because he didn’t sleep much yesterday. COULD
a. Will ______________________ because he didn’t sleep much yesterday.
14. She was probably in a hurry because she forgot to buy a birthday present for her friend. MIGHT
a. She forgot to buy a birthday present for her friend and that ___________ she was in a hurry.

PART 8 Answers:
1. can’t be Michael Jackson

2. might be able to buy

3. can’t be very ill
4. could be from
5. he must always be
6. must have seen a
7. might have worked
8. must have lived in
9. can’t have been
10. must have been bitten by
11. can’t have been
12. she must have had
13. might be tired
14. might have been why