2 Webbing
2 Webbing
2 Webbing
Selvedges :
Edge portion of a netting made of thicker twine &
larger meshes and take up the excess strain acting
upon the netting.
Size of netting:
No. of mesh in T direction & N direction.
Eg. 1000 T X 200 N
NET BRAIDING :
Making webbing by hand.
Mesh sizes, twine thickness, length, depth of webbing are
parameters to consider before starting.,
Requirements : twine, net fabrication stand, mesh gauge,
needles
Mesh stick/mesh guage:
Piece of hard wood, flat or rounded
Precise sizes to get uniform mesh with required dimensions.
Needles :
Holds the twine used for braiding
Needles made of wood or plastic.
Size varies to suit particular mesh size & twines
Needle is filled by twisting twines around the tongue
of the needle.
Then wound around it on alternate sides.
Braiding method :
A line is made between two
Suitable fixtures – foundation line.
On it a row of loop is made
in T direction- “set up row”
Clove hitches are made from left to right.
For 8 loops of length, 9 clove hitches are made.
No. of clove hitch is one extra over & above the
required no. of meshes.
When it is over, a mesh guages is used to get uniform
size meshes.
After 1st row, foundation line is reversed & loops are
made over previous ones.
Type of knot depends on end requirement.
Generally, single sheet bend used
Process of making rows continues till required length
of netting.
Topmost edge of webbing is Head and lower most is
Foot.
Two sides of netting along the width are called ‘Selvedges’.
Changing of foundation line necessary for working always
from left to right.
Two rows of braiding constitute one row mesh
SHAPING OF WEBBING :
Rectangular netting like in gill net do not need shaping, but
conical nets like trawl & bag nets need to obtain required
shape.
Three ways of shaping hand braided webbing, bating,
creasing & fly-meshing.
In machine made webbing, it is cut to shape to get desired
taper.
Shaping by tailoring is for ready made netting.
Shaping for hand braided netting is by fly mesh,
regulating mesh size and baiting & creasing.
Fly meshes are left over meshes at the selvedge of
webbing & employed to shape a trawl net wing piece.
Regulation of mesh size is by increasing or
decreasing size of mesh progressively.
Needs use of gauges of diff. size.
Required shape of net is obtained by increasing/
reducing no. of meshes at regular intervals.
This can be either on one side or both sides.
Taper ratio: no. meshes lost in width/ no. meshes
lost in depth (R=decrease in width/ decrease in depth)
Baiting :
Shaping by reducing the no. of meshes in concerned
rows.
Two loops of previous row is taken in one knot &
thus decreasing breadth of net by one mesh.
No. of meshes to be reduced
Bating rate : No. rows in which to be reduced
B 2N
B 2L
Where, M = mesh cut,
B = bar cut, N = no. of meshes in width &
L = no. of meshes in depth
Eg. top – 100 meshes, bottom – 50 mesh, depth – 50
mesh
When not specified, it is assumed that taper required
on both sides.
So, 25 meshes to be reduced on each side in a depth
of 50 meshes.
P L–N 50-25 25 1
B = 2N = 2x25 = 50 = 2
ii) Stapling :
A twine thicker than the netting twine is used for
tying the edge of the net to the main line.
End of mounting twine is tied to main line or head rope
by a rolling hitch with first mesh.
Its free end is passed thro particular no. of meshes & hitched
on to main line at regular intervals by a clove hitch.
This continues till the other end of netting where it is stapled
with main line by rolling hitch.
iii) Norselling :
Meshes are mounted at fixed intervals to main line by special
short line (norsel) of appropriate length directly or by a
mounting line to which meshes are attached.
Special hitch norsel hitch is used to tie norsel to rope.
Type-I : meshes fixed directly to main line by norsel.
Type-II : meshes mounted at fixed intervals by norsels by
means of mounting yarn to which meshes attached.
Hitching :
Meshes directly fixed on working rope by mounting yarn
using hitches.
Rigging :
Process of fitting the necessary ropes & accessories to
make net ready for fishing.
Well constructed net may give unsatisfactory results
due to defective rigging.
Ropes, floats, sinkers etc. should be right type & fitted
in correct position so that net acquires the required
shape during operation.
Marling :
Mounting yarn reeved through meshes & then
knotted on main line at intervals by marling hitches.
Eg. wings of small trawls.
Setting/sitting :
In this, meshes are first stapled to bolch line.
This is fixed to working rope by knotting with small
strips of twine.
This is setting or sitting.
HANGING OF NETS :
There are different ways of fixing netting to ropes.
Fixing a netting to a line or rope around all or some
of its edges at any definite degree of closeness or
openness of the meshes is called mounting.
i) Sewing :
Joining by weaving with twine as net making.
One extra row is formed while sewing.
Used for joining pieces horizontally.
Two types of sewing :
When meshes are equal in both panels but width
varies, joining by mesh to mesh.
In another, meshes differ, but width may vary or
same.
ii) Seaming :
Method of joining two parts of webbing by winding &
fastening a twine at intervals with a hitch without
forming a row of half mesh.
Twine is reeved loosely through the meshes &
stopped by hitch at intervals to prevent slipping.
Two types of seaming :
First case, no. of meshes are same in both panels.
Easily joined by taking up mesh to mesh.
Second case, no. of meshes vary, take up ratio is
calculated & smaller meshes are incorporated at
appropriate spaces of larger meshes.
Splicing of ropes :
Method of joining ends of two ropes together or
making an eye at the end of a rope.
Commonly used splices :
Eye splice, short splice, back splice & long splice.