Scenario 1: Berthing port side along in calm conditions

* Maneuvering situation:
+ Berth port side alongside
+ No wind, no current
+ Single right-hand propeller
=> Utilize the effects of transversal force while reversing the engine to swing the stern to port
Step 1: Navigate the ship to approach the berth at an angle of about 25°, engines dead slow
ahead
Step 2: Stop engines. On the approach, taking account of the headway that the vessel will
proceed.
Step 3: Engines astern. The transverse thrust due to the effects of the right-handed propeller
would cause the stern to swing to port and the ship would gradually stop parallel to the berth
Step 4: Stop engines. Send away the head and stern lines to the quay and make fast

Scenario 2: Berthing starboard side along in calm conditions

Step 1: Navigate the ship to approach the berth at an angle of about 15°, engines dead slow
ahead
Step 2: Stop engines. On the approach, taking account of the headway that the vessel will
proceed.
Step 3: Apply port helm to cause the stern to swing towards the quay. Engines astern to stop
the ship and the effects of transverse thrust will check the stern swing.
Step 4: Stop engines. Send away the head and stern lines and make fast.

Scenario 3: Berthing into strong offshore wind - narrow water

conditions
Step 1: Approach the berth at a steep angle to reduce the windage effect on the ship.
Approach the berth at a dead slow ahead speed
Step 2: Stop engines, the ship continues approaching the berth.
Step 3: Engines astern to stop the bow just off the berth. Pass the bow line and forward bow
spring to the quay. Then pass the stern line from the forward position, mooring up the quay.
Step 4: Heave on the stern line to pull the stern inwards the quay. Adjust the length and
tension of the forward bow spring to bring the ship in the desired position.

Scenario 4: Berthing in onshore wind, windage area forward

* Maneuvering situation:
- Berth port side to the quay
- Strong onshore wind
- Windage area forward
=> Objective: use rudders and engines with the support of the wind to gently bring the vessel
laterally and parallel with the quay.

Step 1: Approach the berth at an angle about 60 degrees.

Step 2: Rudder hard to starboard. Control the engines and the rudder to handle the ship to the
position off and parallel with the berth.
Step 3: Apply engines ahead with rudder hard to starboard to kill the wind moment. Then
astern engines stop the ship headway. The ship moves sideways and parallel with the quay.
Step 4: send head lines and stern lines fore and aft. Then, pass and secure fore and aft springs
and adjust the ships position to suit with head and stern lines.
Scenario 05: Berthing in onshore wind, windage area abaft
Step 1: Approach the berth at an angle about 60 degrees
Step 2: Rudder hard to starboard. Control the engines and the rudder to handle the ship to the
position off and parallel with the berth.
Step 3: Apply engines ahead with rudder hard to port (leeward) to kill the wind moment.
Then astern engines stop the ship headway. The ship moves sideways and parallel with the
quay.
Step 4: send head lines and stern lines fore and aft. Then, pass and secure fore and aft springs
and adjust the ships position to suit with head and
stern lines.
Scenario 06: Berthing in onshore wind, offshore anchor deployment
* Manouevering situation
+ berth port side to the quay
+ strong onshore wind
+ deploy offshore anchor
=> Objective: use rudders and engines in combination with the offshore anchor and the
benefit of the wind to gently bring the vessel laterally and parallel with the quay.
Step 1: Approach the berth at an angle about 60 degrees. Stop the vessel off the berth with
the bow level about the centre of the berth position. Prepare the offshore anchor.
Step 2: Let go the offshore anchor at short stay. To control the stern against the wind, apply
rudder to port and engines ahead. Then anchor is dredged towards the berth.
Step 3: When the vessel approaches the berth, payout the anchor cable. As the bow is just off
the berth, hold on to the anchor. The vessel will pivot at the hawse pipe and the stern will
swing towards the quay. To reduce the approach speed of the stern, apply engines ahead with
the rudder hard to port.
Step 4: As the stern is approaching the quay, stop engines and run lines ashore fore and aft.
Once the vessel is secured alongside, the anchor cable would be walked back to the up and
down position.

Scenario 07: Berthing starboard side to the quay, no wind, tide

ahead
* Maneuvering situation:
- berth staboard side to the quay.
-calm wind.
- tide ahead.
=> Objective: use the benefit of the current to bring the vessel alongside.
- When berthing in a condition with current, the vessel should stem the stream so that she can
be easier controlled due to the braking effect of the current and higher effects of the rudders.
Thus, to turning the ship a smaller rudder angle should be applied.
Step 1: Handle the vessel against the stream and approach the berth at a slow speed.
Step 2: When approaching the position, apply a proper starboard helm to turn the bow
towards the berth. Then steady the vessel head. The vessel could be expected to move
towards the berth.
Step 3: When the bow is just off the berth, handle the vessel head to the stream. Pass a head-
line, then an aft spring to the quay. Heave on or ease the lines in combination with the
engines to bring the vessel to the desired position. Send away the stern lines and forward
springs.
Step 4: When the vessel is alongside, stop engines and make fast the head-lines, stern lines
and spring lines.

Scenario 08: Berthing starboard side to the quay, tide ahead,

offshore anchor
* Maneuvering situation:
- berth staboard side to the quay.
- calm wind.
- tide ahead.
- offshore anchor.
=> The objective of this scenario is to use the offshore anchor in combination with a bow line
to hold the ship against the current and control the lateral speed of the bow. The approaching
speed of the stern, when necessary, can be controlled with the engines ahead and proper
rudders together with the stern line.
In common practice, the vessel should stem the stream so that she can be easier in control due
to the braking effect of the current and higher effects of the rudders.
With the deployment of the offshore anchor and a bow line, it is possible to cause the bow to
move inwards the berth. To support pulling the stern inwards the berth, the bow line should
be passed from the after position, so the forward breast line is advisable.
With this arrangement, the ship can be controlled to gently approach the berth.
In case the stern does not move inwards strong enough, heave on the quarter spring or
application of engines ahead with outward rudders to increase approaching speed.
On the contrary, if the stern moves inwards too strong, the application of engines ahead with
inward rudders can reduce the approaching speed.
With this manner, all the forces could be controlled to bring the ship alongside
Step 1: Handle the vessel against the stream at a slow speed. Stop the vessel off the berth.
This position should be calculated to ensure that the anchor will hold when approaching the
berth
Step 2: When the vessel starts her sternway, drop the offshore anchor. Pass the forward breast
line to the quay. Easy the anchor chain and gradually heave the bow line on to move the ship
inwards the berth.
Step 3: Pass the quarter spring. Continue easing the anchor chain and heaving the bow line
on to move the ship inwards the berth. When necessary, use the engines with proper rudder
angles and adjust the pulling forces of the stern line to bring the vessel parallel to the berth.
Step 4: When the vessel is alongside, stop engines, send head line, stern line, bow spring,
after breast and make fast all lines.