TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Ayala Blvd., Ermita, Manila

EXPERIMENT NO. 02
Series Circuit

NAME: Genuino, Genz Wesley L. DATE PERFORMED: 09/25/24

COURSE & SECTION: BSME-2C DATE SUBMITTED: 10/02/24

INSTRUCTOR: Engr. Donnie Bon Berog

RATING

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 EXPERIMENT 2
Series Circuits
I. OBJECTIVE:

1. To calculate and measure the equivalent resistance of resistors

connected in series.
2. To verify experimentally the characteristics of series circuits.

II. THEORY:
III. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT:
IV. PROCEDURES:
1. Let us go through the experiment of confirming Ohms Law with
Resistance in series.
2. Set DC voltage (1V, 2V, 4V, 8V, 16V, 30V).
3. Here resistance is kept in series. Set the resistance R1(1kΩ, 20kΩ,
40kΩ, 60kΩ, 80kΩ, 100kΩ) value and set resistance R2(5kΩ, 7kΩ, 9kΩ,
11kΩ, 13kΩ, 15kΩ).
4. Voltmeter is placed parallel with resistor and ammeter series with
resistor.
5. Now note the Voltmeter and Ammeter reading for DC voltage.
6. Increase the DC voltage by 2 factor and note Voltmeter and Ammeter
Readings. Keeping resistance value constant
7. Plot the V-I graph to verify Ohm's Law
8. Repeat step 2 to 6 for another set of resistance value.

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V. DATA AND RESULTS:
1. Draw the Circuit Diagram:

1. R1 = 1kΩ resistor
R2 = 5kΩ resistor
VOLTS
1 2 4 8 16 30
(V)
IT 167uA 333uA 667uA 1.33mA 2.67 mA 5 mA

R1Vdrop 167mV 333mV 667mV 1.33 V 2.67 V 5V

R2Vdrop 833mV 167V 3.33V 6.67 V 13.3 V 25 V

Computations:
1V

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2V

4V

8V

16V

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30V

V. DATA AND RESULTS:

2. Draw the Circuit Diagram:

2. R1 = 20kΩ resistor
R2 = 7kΩ resistor

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 VOLTS
1 2 4 8 16 30
(V)
IT 37uA 74.1uA 1.48uA 296uA 593uA 11.1maA

R1Vdrop 741mV 1.48V 2.96V 5.93V 11.9V 22.2V

R2Vdrop 259mV 519mV 1.04V 2.07V 4.15V 7.78V

Computations:
1V

2V

4V

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8V

16V

30V

V. DATA AND RESULTS:

3. Draw the Circuit Diagram:

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 3. R1 = 40kΩ resistor
R2 = 9kΩ resistor
VOLTS
1 2 4 8 16 30
(V)
IT 20.4uA 40.8uA 81.6uA 163uA 327uA 612uA

R1Vdrop 816mV 1.63V 3.27V 6.53V 13.1V 24.5uA

R2Vdrop 184mV 367mV 735mV 1.47V 2.94V 5.51uA

Computations:
1V

2V

4V

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8V

16V

30V

V. DATA AND RESULTS:

4. Draw the Circuit Diagram:

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 4. R1 = 60kΩ resistor
R2 = 11kΩ resistor
VOLTS
1 2 4 8 16 30
(V)
IT 14.1uA 28.2uA 56.3uA 113uA 225uA 423uA

R1Vdrop 845mV 1.69V 3.38V 6.76V 13.5V 25.4V

R2Vdrop 155mV 310mV 620mV 1.24V 2.48V 4.65V

Computations:

1V

2V

4V

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8V

16V

30V

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V. DATA AND RESULTS:
5. Draw the Circuit Diagram:

5. R1 = 80kΩ resistor
R2 = 13kΩ resistor
VOLTS
1 2 4 8 16 30
(V)
IT 10.8uA 21.5uA 43uA 86uA 172uA 323uA

R1Vdrop 860mV 1.72V 3.44V 6.88V 13.8V 25.8V

R2Vdrop 140mV 280mV 559mV 1.12V 2.24V 4.19V

Computations:
1V

2V

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4V

8V

16V

30V

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V. DATA AND RESULTS:
6. Draw the Circuit Diagram:

6. R1 = 100kΩ resistor
R2 = 15kΩ resistor
VOLTS
1 2 4 8 16 30
(V)
IT 8.7uA 17.4uA 34.8uA 69.6uA 139uA 261uA

R1Vdrop 870mV 1.74V 3.48V 6.96V 13.9V 26.1V

R2Vdrop 130mV 261mV 522mV 1.04V 2.09V 3.91V

Computations:
1V

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2V

4V

8V

16V

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30V

VI. GUIDE QUESTIONS:

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 1. What is the effect on the total resistance of the following:
a. Increasing the number of resistors in series.
b. Decreasing the number of resistors in series.

Increasing the number of resistors in series results in an increase in total resistance, as the
resistances are added together. In contrast, decreasing the number of resistors in series
leads to a decrease in total resistance, as fewer resistances contribute to the overall total.
Thus, the total resistance is directly proportional to the number of resistors in a series
circuit.

2. Three resistors are connected in series to a 120V generator. The first has a resistance of
50Ω, the second passes a current of 0.5A and the third has a voltage drop of 50V across
it. Calculate the resistance of the second and the third resistor.

In a series circuit with a total voltage of 120V, the voltage drop across the first resistor
(50Ω) is calculated to be 25V. The voltage drop across the second resistor can be found
to be 45V, leading to a resistance of 90Ω. Lastly, the voltage drop across the third resistor
is 50V, resulting in a resistance of 100Ω.

3. Explain why the kitchen light becomes a bit dimmer when a toaster is turned on.

When a toaster is turned on, it draws a significant amount of current from the electrical
circuit, which increases the overall load on that circuit. This increased demand for current
can cause a drop in voltage available to other appliances, such as the kitchen light,
resulting in reduced brightness. As a result, the kitchen light appears a bit dimmer due to
the lower voltage reaching it while the toaster is operating.

VII CONCLUSION:

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In this experiment, we calculated and measured the equivalent resistance of resistors connected
in series and verified the characteristics of series circuits in accordance with Ohm's Law. The
readings obtained from the voltmeter and ammeter demonstrated that the voltage drop across
each resistor was proportional to its resistance, confirming that the total voltage in the circuit is
equal to the sum of the voltage drops across each resistor. The collected data showed a linear
relationship, further validating Ohm’s Law, indicating that the current flowing through the series
circuit is directly proportional to the applied voltage for constant resistance values.

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