Practical 2 W4

1st Quarter
WEEK 4
LITERATURE REVIEW,
CONCEPTUAL AND
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
OBJECTIVES
After this lesson, the students must be able to:

● demonstrate understanding of criteria in selecting, citing
and synthesizing related literature.
● select, cite, synthesize judiciously related literature and
use sources according to ethical standards.
● present a written review of related literature and

conceptual framework (if appropriate).
LITERATURE REVIEW
A literature review is a comprehensive summary of

previous research on a topic. The literature review surveys
scholarly articles, books and other sources relevant to a
particular area of research. The review should enumerate,
describe, summarize, objectively evaluate and clarify this
previous research. It should give a theoretical base for the
research and help you (the author) determine the nature of
your research.
LITERATURE REVIEW
The literature review acknowledges the work of

previous researchers, and in so doing, assures the reader
that your work has been well conceived. It is assumed that
by mentioning a previous work in the field of study, that the
author has read, evaluated, and assimilated that work into
the work at hand.
LITERATURE REVIEW
A literature review creates a "landscape" for the

reader, giving her or him a full understanding of the
developments in the field. This landscape informs the reader
that the author has indeed assimilated all (or the vast majority
of) previous, significant works in the field into her or his
research. (Bloomsburg University, 2020)
LITERATURE REVIEW
"In writing the literature review, the

purpose is to convey to the reader what
knowledge and ideas have been established on a
topic, and what their strengths and weaknesses
are.
LITERATURE REVIEW
The literature review must be defined by a

guiding concept (e.g. your research objective, the
problem or issue you are discussing, or your
argumentative thesis). It is not just a descriptive
list of the material available, or a set of
summaries.
LITERATURE REVIEW
When using and reviewing related

literature, a researcher needs to remember that
the main purpose of such activity is to determine
the relevance of the literature to the present
study. It is not even a matter of having a certain
number of literatures with minimum and
maximum requirements (although the same is
practiced in some schools and universities).
LITERATURE REVIEW
What is more important is the fact that

whatever literature the researcher uses, he/she
has really reviewed them and found their
relevance and applicability to his/her study.
PURPOSES OF REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE
1. To find out the connection of

your research to the current
conditions or situations of the
world.
2. To know more about theories

or concepts underlying your
research and to learn from
them with respect to your own
study.
PURPOSES OF REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE
3. To discover the relation of your

research with previous
research studies.
4. To obtain information on the

accuracy or relevance of your
research questions.
5. To familiarize yourself with

technical terms related to your
research.
THE PROCESS OF
LITERATURE REVIEW
1. SEARCHING FOR RELEVANT ARTICLES
Look for books, encyclopaedias,

periodicals, tables, researches, theses,
dissertations etc. related with your
research problem.
2. READING AND ANALYZING RESEARCH REPORTS
Read and analyse the summary of

findings and conclusions of the
previous research studies found to
evaluate if the findings provided are
related to the research you are
conducting.
3. WRITING THE DESCRIPTION
Writing the description of the existing

information on a topic in a manner that
is ethical and based on standards.
CONCEPTUAL AND THEORETICAL
FRAMEWORK
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
A conceptual framework is a graphical

representation of your concepts or ideas
on the basic structure or components of
your research as well as on the
relationships of these elements with one
another.
It is made up of various figures:

lines, circles, boxes, and other marks or
symbols representing your concepts on
these varied features of your research –
research questions, review of related
literature, research methodology and
variables among others.
A conceptual framework looks like

a map showing the main features of a plan
or project plus the relationship between or
among the features or variables in
research. Through the proper connection
of lines and pointing of arrows to boxes
and other codes symbolizing your
concepts about the research, the readers
can visualize a comprehensive picture of
your study. (Baraceros, 2019)
POINTERS IN WRITING CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
1. Familiarize yourself with the objective

of the conceptual framework
The objective of conceptual framework is to

show the direction of your research and the
proper connection of the variables for the
readers to have a comprehensive picture of
your study. With this in mind you must be
able to present the relationship of concepts or
variables of your research.
2. Base the contents of the conceptual

framework on your understanding of
the elements and of the relationships
of the research features.
Make sure you know the concepts/variables

of your research and their relationship with
each other for they will be the content of
your conceptual framework.
3. See to it that all aspects of the

conceptual framework are related
to the objective of the research
The content of the conceptual framework

and their connections must be aligned
with the aim of your research.
4. Let others read your conceptual

framework for comments or feedback
for improvement purposes.
Ask your classmate or teacher to critique

your conceptual framework to know whether
you still have to revise or improve your
conceptual framework.
EXAMPLE
Research topics:
A. “What are the factors that affect customer’s satisfaction of
Burger King?
B. “What are the effects of the hours spent for studying on
students’ exam score?”
The theoretical framework is

the structure that can hold or support
a theory of a research study. The
theoretical framework introduces and
describes the theory which explains
why the research problem under
study exists. (Sacred Heart University
Library, 2019)
Literature review is done for a specific
purpose. You do not provide literature for
the mere reason of having something to
add on your research paper.
With this in mind, you will be able to recall that in using

literature, their relation and relevance to your present
study are of paramount concerns.
http://www.writing.utoronto.ca/advice/specific-types-of-writing/literature-review
Amorado, R. V., Boholano, H. B., & Talili, I. N. (2017). Quantitative Research: A Practical
Approach for Senior High School. Malabon City, Philippines: Mutya Publishing House, Inc.,
pp. 51-88
Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania (2020, April 6). Literature Review. Retrieved from
https://guides.library.bloomu.edu/….%research on June 10, 2020
http://www.writing.utoronto.ca/advice/specific-types-of-writing/literature-review
https://topnotcher.ph/how-to-make-a-conceptual-framework/
https://www.scribbr.com/dissertation/conceptual-framework/

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1st Quarter

After this lesson, the students must be able to:

● present a written review of related literature and

A literature review is a comprehensive summary of

The literature review acknowledges the work of

A literature review creates a "landscape" for the

"In writing the literature review, the

The literature review must be defined by a

When using and reviewing related

What is more important is the fact that

1. To find out the connection of

2. To know more about theories

3. To discover the relation of your

4. To obtain information on the

5. To familiarize yourself with

Look for books, encyclopaedias,

Read and analyse the summary of

Writing the description of the existing

A conceptual framework is a graphical

It is made up of various figures:

A conceptual framework looks like

1. Familiarize yourself with the objective

The objective of conceptual framework is to

2. Base the contents of the conceptual

Make sure you know the concepts/variables

3. See to it that all aspects of the

The content of the conceptual framework

4. Let others read your conceptual

Ask your classmate or teacher to critique

The theoretical framework is

With this in mind, you will be able to recall that in using

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