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Printing Processes

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16 views27 pages

Printing Processes

Uploaded by

omarshoramail945
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Printing Processes

Essential Question

◼ How are different substrates printed? When would


I utilize the various methods?
Main Types of Printing Processes

◼ Gravure
◼ Offset
◼ Letterpress
◼ Digital
◼ Specialty
Gravure

◼ Also known as Intaglio Printing


◼ A printing process in which the image
is etched below the surface of the
printing plate.
◼ 2nd oldest form of printing
◼ Before offset was used to print color in
newspapers
Gravure (continued)
◼ Used primarily for large runs
 <100,000
◼ Used to print magazines, glossy paper
◼ Cheapest form of printing, but ONLY for
LONG runs
 Plates are very expensive to make
 Plate last a LONG time
◼ Doctor Blade – a thin metal blade that clears
excess ink from the non-image area of a
gravure plate.
Gravure (continued)

◼ Best way to print pictures!


 Best color
 Best shading
 Best tone
◼ Pre-Press is the most expensive
 Plate, set-up, etc expensive
 Proofing is difficult and time consuming
 Takes skilled press operator
Gravure Press
Offset Lithography

http://americanart.si.edu/collections/exhibits/posters/process.html
Offset Lithography

◼ Offset Lithography
◼ Based on the concept that
grease and water do not mix
 Grease = ink
 Water = fountain solution
◼ Planography - The process of printing from
a flat surface with the image and non-image
areas kept separated by chemistry.
Offset Lithography (continued)
◼ Newest, but most commonly
used form of printing.
◼ Used in short to medium runs
(500 – 100,000)
◼ The image is first transferred
from a plate to a blanket, then
from the blanket to the substrate.
Offset Lithography (continued)

◼ Able to print on a variety of substrates


 Different sizes
 Different weights of paper
 BUT…. All substrates must be FLAT!
◼ Planography – process of printing on a flat
surface.
◼ Press is easy to learn and easy to
operate – but it does take skill!
Offset Lithography (continued)

◼ Typically the most economical form


of printing (inexpensive)
◼ Presses are typically “small” and are
affordable
Offset Lithography Presses
Offset Lithography Terms

◼ Hydrophilic –
 Water Loving
 Non-image area of the printing plate
◼ Hydrophobic –
 Water Hating
 Image area of the printing plate
◼ Plate is coated with water 1st, then ink
Offset Lithography

http://americanart.si.edu/collections/exhibits/posters/process.html
Offset Lithography
Letter Press
◼ Also known as Relief Printing
◼ Oldest form of printing
◼ The process of printing from a raised surface
Letter Press (continued)

◼ Hot Type
 Moveable type that is formed using hot
molten metal to cast or form the letters.
Letter Press (continued)

◼ Images are reversed


(wrong reading)
◼ Today used:
 Individual numbering
(i.e.: tickets, invoice
forms, etc)
 Flexography used to
print boxes, packages
Digital Printing

◼ Type of printing technology that


receives electronic files (from
computer) and uses spots (or dots) for
reproduction.
Specialty Printing

◼ Screen Printing ◼ Pad Printing


◼ Laser Printing ◼ Engraving
◼ Ink Jet (to include ◼ Etching
wide format) ◼ Thermography
◼ Copying ◼ Etc.
◼ Dye Sublimation
Screen Printing

◼ Objects printed using screen printing:


 Clothing…. T-Shirts!
 Signs
 Small electronic objects: phone covers,
mother boards, cell phone components
 Some packaging
 Some vehicle graphics
◼ Logos on big trucks
Screen Printing
◼ Printing method in which the image is
transferred to the surface to be printed by
means of ink squeezed by a squeegee
through a stenciled fabric or metal wire
screen stretched over a frame.
Ink Jet Printing

◼ Method of printing by spraying droplets


of ink through computer-controlled
nozzles
Pad Printing

◼ Used to print
irregular shaped
objects:
 Golf balls
 Pens/Pencils
 Cups
Web vs. Sheet

◼ Web Fed Press: Printing press that


prints from a roll of paper
◼ Sheet Fed Press: Printing Press that
prints from cut sheets of paper
Web Fed

Sheet Fed
Perfecting Press

◼ Perfecting Press – Prints on both sides


of the paper with one pass.

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