Thermal Physics Tutorial

Temperature and heat
1. A temperature of 30 degrees Celsius is equal to __________ Kelvins

a) -303
b) -243
c) 243
d) 303
e) 273
2.
3. Convection occurs in a.
a) Solids only
b) liquids only
c) gases only
d) liquids and gases only
e) Solids and gases only
4. A marble tile would feel cold as compared to a wooden tile on a winter morning. Because
the marble tile
a) Is a better conductor of heat than the wooden tile.
b) Is polished while wooden tile is not polished.
c) Reflects more heat than wooden tile.
d) Is a poor conductor of heat the wooden tile
5. Which of the following is the best definition of thermal expansion?

a) An object never changing in size.
b) An object decreasing in size due to increased temperature.
c) An object remaining the same size no matter the temperature.
d) Molecules moving faster.
e) An object increasing in size due to increased temperature.
6. 200 g of water of temperature 80o C is poured into 140 g of water of temperature 30o C and
the mixture is stirred uniformly. What is the final temperature of the mixture? The specific
heat capacity of water is 4200 J kg-1 oC-1.
a) 35.6℃
b) 47.6℃
c) 59.4℃
d) 65.3℃
e) 69.8℃
7. When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, energy flows
a) from the ice to your finger.
b) from your finger to the ice.
c) actually both ways
8. Pour a liter of water at 40℃ into a liter of water at 20℃ and the final temperature of the
two becomes
a) more than 30℃ .
b) less than 30℃ .
c) at or about 30℃ .
9.
Long Questions
1. Suppose a tank in your car is completely filled when the temperature is 17℃ . How many
litres will spill out of the 20 litre steel tank when the temperature rises to 35 ℃ ?
−4 −4
β gas =9.5 × 10 /℃ gas = 9.5 x 10 -4 /℃ β steel=0.36 × 10 /℃[5]
2. A copper calorimeter can with mass 0.1 kg contains 0.16 kg of water and 0.018 kg of ice in
thermal equilibrium at atmospheric pressure. If 0.75 kg of lead at temperature 255°C is
dropped into the calorimeter can, what is the final temperature? Assume no heat is lost to
the surroundings. [10]
Lf (ice) = 334×103J/kg , Clead = 130 J/kg.°C, Ccopper = 390 J/kg.°C
3. A 400 cm3 Pyrex beaker is filled to the top with glycerine. The system is then heated from
22°C to 80°C. How much glycerine overflows from the container?
[β(glycerine)= 5.1×10-4 °C-1, α(Pyrex)=0.3×10-5 °C-1] [8]
4. State the zeroth Law of thermodynamics [2]

5. A copper calorimeter of mass 0.3 kg contains 0.5 kg of water at a temperature of 15°C. A
0.56 kg block of copper at temperature of 100°C is dropped into the calorimeter and the
temperature is observed to increase to 22.5°C. Assume no steam is produced. Neglecting
heat losses to the surroundings, determine the specific heat capacity of copper. [10]
Thermal Properties of Matter
a) 𝑃𝑉 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
1. The ideal gas equation is
b) 𝑃𝑇 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
c) 𝑣/𝑇 = 𝑛𝑅
d) 𝑃𝑉 = 𝑛𝑅𝑇
e) [𝑃 + 𝑎(𝑣 𝑉 ) 2 ][ 𝑉 𝑛 − 𝑏] = 𝑅𝑇
2. Calculate the root-mean-square speed of an oxygen molecule at 27 ◦C.

[2]
3. Helium gas with a volume of 2.60 L, under a pressure of 0.180 atm and at a temperature of
41°C is warmed until both pressure and volume are doubled. What is the ﬁnal temperature?
[3]
4. Three moles of an ideal gas are in a rigid cubical box with sides of length 0.2 m. What is the
force that the gas exerts on each of the six sides of the box when the gas temperature is
20°C? [6]
5. The atmosphere of Mars is mostly CO2 (molar mass 44 g/mol) under a pressure of 650 Pa,
which we shall assume remains constant. In many places the temperature varies from 0°C
in summer to -100°C in winter. Over the course of a martian year, what are the ranges of
the rms speeds of the CO2 molecules? [4]
volume of 2.446 × 10−4 𝑚3 at 25°C. Assume that methane behaves as an ideal gas. [3]
6. Determine the pressure (in Pa) exerted by 1 mole of methane placed into a bulb with a
7. Find the rms speed of nitrogen molecules under standard conditions, 0.0oC and 1.00 atm
pressure. [3]
8. (a) How much heat does it take to increase the temperature of 2.5 mol of a diatomic gas by
30K near room temperature if the gas is held at constant volume? [2]
(b) What is the answer to the question in part (a) if the gas is monatomic rather than
diatomic? [2]

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Temperature and heat

1. A temperature of 30 degrees Celsius is equal to __________ Kelvins

5. Which of the following is the best definition of thermal expansion?

4. State the zeroth Law of thermodynamics [2]

Thermal Properties of Matter

2. Calculate the root-mean-square speed of an oxygen molecule at 27 ◦C.

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