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CONTINENTAL
BILINGUAL
SCHOOL
Asignment: Climate Change Report
Class: English
teacher: Ms. Adriana Flores
student: Carlos Galeano
Grade:11vo
date: 28/10/2024
Introduction
Climate change is one of the most urgent challenges facing humanity. It refers to changes in
global climate patterns that have largely been driven by human activities since the
Industrial Revolution. These activities have increased the concentrations of greenhouse
gases (GHG) in the atmosphere, leading to a rise in global temperatures and changes in
climate patterns. This report examines the main causes, effects, and possible solutions to
climate change. Its purpose is to analyze the impact of climate change on various aspects of
life and the urgent need to adopt measures to mitigate its effects.
Theorical Framework
1. Definition of Climate Change
Climate change can be defined as a significant and long-lasting alteration in global and
regional climate patterns. These changes can be natural, resulting from variations in solar
radiation or volcanic activity, but the current climate change is mainly driven by humans.
The increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG), especially carbon dioxide
(CO₂) and methane (CH₄), has been identified as the primary cause of the rise in Earth's
average temperature, a phenomenon known as global warming.
2. Causes of Climate Change
a) Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG)
Approximately 80% of GHG emissions come from the burning of fossil fuels such as coal,
oil, and natural gas, used in industry, transportation, and electricity generation. Burning
these fuels releases large amounts of CO₂ into the atmosphere, intensifying the greenhouse
effect, which traps heat and raises global temperatures.
b) Agriculture and Livestock
Agriculture accounts for about 24% of global GHG emissions. Livestock production
generates large amounts of methane (CH₄) through the digestion of ruminant animals like
cattle. Additionally, the use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture releases nitrogen oxides,
which are 300 times more potent as greenhouse gases than CO₂.
c) Deforestation and Land Use Changes
Trees and natural ecosystems act as carbon sinks, absorbing CO₂ from the atmosphere.
Deforestation and land use changes, especially in tropical regions like the Amazon, have
reduced the planet's capacity to absorb CO₂, thus contributing to the rise in GHG levels.
3. Effects of Climate Change
a) Global Temperature Rise
Since the start of the Industrial Revolution, the global average temperature has risen
approximately 1.1 °C. This increase may seem small, but it has significant consequences, as
it alters natural cycles, shortens growing seasons, and affects biodiversity in ecosystems.
b) Changes in Climate Patterns
Climate change has altered rainfall patterns, causing droughts in some regions and
torrential rains in others. Seasons have become less predictable, impacting agriculture and
food production. Additionally, changes in climate patterns have led to an increase in
extreme events like hurricanes, wildfires, and heatwaves.
c) Melting Ice and Rising Sea Levels
Global warming has caused the melting of glaciers and the ice sheets in Greenland and
Antarctica. This contributes to rising sea levels, endangering coastal populations and small
islands. It is estimated that sea levels could rise by up to one meter by the end of the 21st
century if emission reduction measures are not taken.
d) Impact on Biodiversity
Climate change is altering the natural habitats of many species, bringing them to the brink
of extinction. Animals and plants that cannot adapt to new climate conditions are
vulnerable, leading to a loss of biodiversity. Ocean acidification, caused by CO₂
absorption, also affects marine organisms like corals and shellfish.
4. Possible Solutions and Measures
a) Reducing Emissions
Reducing GHG emissions is essential to curb climate change. This involves a transition to
renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and geothermal. Using energy-efficient
technologies and developing sustainable transportation systems are also key to reducing the
carbon footprint.
b) International Policies
Globally, agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement have set
emission reduction goals and promoted cooperation between countries. These policies aim
to limit the increase in global temperature to below 2°C above pre-industrial levels.
c) Reforestation and Ecosystem Protection
Reforestation and ecosystem conservation projects are viable solutions, as forests and green
areas act as carbon sinks. Conserving oceans and other natural ecosystems also helps
maintain biodiversity and reduce climate change impacts.
d) Technological Innovations
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is an emerging technology that captures CO₂ before it is
released into the atmosphere. There is also research in advanced nuclear energy, clean
energy, and geoengineering techniques to mitigate climate change effects.
Conclusion
Climate change is a global threat that affects all aspects of life on Earth. From rising
temperatures to biodiversity loss and changes in rainfall patterns, its effects are evident,
impacting human health, food security, and natural ecosystems. While solutions are within
reach, such as transitioning to clean energy, reforestation, and international policies, a
global commitment and immediate action are necessary to reduce the impacts of climate
change. Only through a joint effort, from individual to governmental levels, can this
challenge be effectively addressed and a more sustainable future built
Bibliography
1. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). "Climate Change 2021:
The Physical Science Basis." IPCC, 2021.
2. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). "Climate Change:

Vital Signs of the Planet." NASA, 2023.
3. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). "What

is the Paris Agreement?" UNFCCC, 2022.
4. Smith, J., & Adams, M. (2020). "The impact of climate change on global weather
patterns." Climate Research Journal, 34(2), 115-134.
5. Johnson, R. (2021). The Environmental Impact of Carbon Emissions. New York:

Green Earth Press.

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CONTINENTAL

Asignment: Climate Change Report

teacher: Ms. Adriana Flores

student: Carlos Galeano

2. Causes of Climate Change

a) Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG)

b) Agriculture and Livestock

c) Deforestation and Land Use Changes

a) Global Temperature Rise

b) Changes in Climate Patterns

c) Melting Ice and Rising Sea Levels

c) Reforestation and Ecosystem Protection

2. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). "Climate Change:

3. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). "What

5. Johnson, R. (2021). The Environmental Impact of Carbon Emissions. New York:

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