Unit 4 Packet- Periodic Table

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Directions:
1. Draw a Bohr Diagram for each element.
2. Write the atomic number in the top right corner of each box.
3. Write the element symbol inside of the nucleus.
4. Add energy levels (shells) and electrons for each element.

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Lewis Structures Name:
• Lewis structures, or dot diagrams, are a simplified way to show how the valence electrons are arranged in the outer shell. This is
where the chemical reactions take place. Atoms will either share or give away these electrons to form bonds.
• Using your periodic table, determine the number of valence electrons for each element.
• Draw a dot to represent each valence electron around the element symbol.
• Follow the pattern below starting with position number 1.
6 2 Examples:
3 1
H Xe 5 Ba In Se
7 He
8 4
Li Be B C N O F Ne

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Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
K Ca
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How to find shells and valence electrons:
1. In the periodic table, each row is called a _____________________________________________________ .
2. The elements in each ____________ have the same number of ___________ _________ or ____________.
3. Each column in the periodic table is called a __________________________________________________ .
4. Each of the elements in the same ____________ have the same number of ________ in their outer shells.
5. The electrons in the outer shell are called ____________________________________________ electrons.
6. The ________________ number tells you the ______________ of _________________________electrons.
Symbol Element Period # of Shells Group # # Valence
electrons
C
Na

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Ne
H
Be
S
K
He
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Name: __________________________________ Period: _______ Date: _____/______/______

The Periodic Table

Directions: Use Chapter 4 Section 2 and the Periodic Foldable to complete this worksheet.

1. List the atomic numbers of the elements in Period 2.

_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

2. List the symbols of the elements in Period 2.

_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
3. Name the elements in Period 2 that are metals. ____________________ _____________________
4. Name the elements in Period 2 that are nonmetals. _____________________ ______________________
____________________ _____________________ ____________________
5. Which element in period 2 has the least mass? _______________________
6. Which element in period 2 has the most mass? _______________________
7. To which group/family does each of these belong?
A. Sulfur __________ B. Sodium _________
C. Argon __________ D. Silicon _________
E. Chlorine ________ F. Phosphorus ______
8. The symbol for Iron in Fe. Find iron on the periodic table.
A. What is the atomic number of iron? ___________________________________________
B. To which period does iron belong? ___________________________________________
C. To which group does iron belong? ____________________________________________
Name the elements that have many properties like iron. _____________________ ______________________
____________________ _____________________

Using the Periodic Table

Fill in the chart below. The first row has been completed as an example.
Element Symbol Atomic Number Period Group
Sodium Na 11 3 1
O
Krypton
79
5 12
4 7

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 (Ch. 5)

PERIODIC TRENDS WORKSHEET NAME: _____________________________

ATOMIC RADIUS

1. Does atomic radius increase or decrease as you go down a group/family on the periodic table? __________________

2. What causes this trend?

The added electrons add electron shells as you move down a group/family. This causes the atom's radius to increase..

3. Does atomic radius increase or decrease as you go across a period/row on the periodic table? __________________

4. What causes this trend?

As you add protons across a period, there is more positive charge in the nucleus, which pulls the outer electrons closer to the
nucleus, decreasing the atom's radius.

5. Circle the atom in each pair that has the largest atomic radius.

a) Al B b) S O c) Br Cl

d) Na Al e) O F f) Mg Ca

IONS

6. Define an ion.

Is when an atom gains or loses an electron.

7. What is the difference between a cation and an anion?

Cation- is when you lose electrons and the ion is +

Anion- is when you gain electrons and the ion is -

8. Which is larger, Ca2+ or Ca and why?

9. Which is larger, F-1 or F and why?

10. How does the ionic radius of a nonmetal compare with its atomic radius?

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 (Ch. 5)

IONIZATION ENERGY

11. Define ionization energy.

12. What trend in ionization energy do you see as you go down a group/family on the periodic table? _______________

13. What causes this trend?

14. What trend in ionization energy do you see as you go across a period/row on the periodic table? ________________

15. What causes this trend?

16. Circle the atom in each pair that has the greater ionization energy.

a) Li Be b) Na K c) Cl Si

d) Ca Ba e) P Ar f) Li K

ELECTRONEGATIVITY

17. Define electronegativity.

18. What trend in electronegativity do you see as you go down a group/family on the periodic table? ________________

19. What trend in electronegativity do you see as you go across a period/row on the periodic table? ________________

20. Which element has the greatest electronegativity? _____________________

21. Circle the atom in each pair that has the greater electronegativity.

a) Ca Ga b) Li O c) Cl S

d) Br As e) Ba Sr f) O S

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