International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET)

Volume 7, Issue 1, Jan-Feb 2016, pp. 232-242, Article ID: IJMET_07_01_024

Available online at http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJMET?Volume=7&Issue=1
Journal Impact Factor (2016): 9.2286 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com
ISSN Print: 0976-6340 and ISSN Online: 0976-6359
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/2DAWV

© IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed

MILITARY VIDEO SURVEILLANCE AND BOMB

DISPOSAL ROBOT
Shameem Banu L
Lecturer, Government Polytechnic Kampli, Bellary, Karnataka, India

Mallikarjun S H
Lecturer, Government Polytechnic Kampli, Bellary, Karnataka, India

Rudresh T K
Lecturer, Government Polytechnic Kampli, Bellary, Karnataka, India

ABSTRACT
Robotic systems have been employed in earlier decades for multiple purposes and
have gained the popularity they deserve. Development in robotic technology has thus
now made it possible to perform tasks that previously could not have been performed
without human interference. The wireless bomb disposal robot is one such major
example which will be used for defence purposes in order to prevent bomb blasts and
other terrorist activities. In this project we propose a robot that could dispose of bombs
wirelessly, controlled via a wireless system at the user end. The key features of this robot
include a robotic arm, a wireless camera allows the removal of explosives and a base
with a deft gripper. Although far from ideal, we can avoid endangering the life of the
person in charge of bomb disposal by utilizing this robot. Thus, introducing a safer and
effective alternative for disposing explosives in order to save lives of common people. This
paper describes a wireless robot that can disarm bombs, enhancing our nation's defence
against terrorist attacks, suicide bombers, and other similar actions. Only with the
presence of experts can the bomb detectors and disposal system function. However, this
method of analysis takes more time and puts specialist’s lives at risk. The Wireless Bomb
Disposal Robot is remotely controlled by the user through wireless technology utilizing
a control programme. At the control site, the robot is managed by the bomb technician
using this programme. The user's input is communicated over Bluetooth to the receiver,
which receives it, recognizes it, and forwards it to the appropriate module (Robot) for
action. A base, a robotic arm, and a wireless camera are all parts of the robot. For the
robotic arm's gripper and elbow, we employed DC motors. We are not putting the lives
of any commandos or bomb experts in danger.
Keywords: ARM, Camera, Sensor, Detector.

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 Military Video Surveillance and Bomb Disposal Robot

Cite this Article: Shameem Banu L, Mallikarjun S H and Rudresh T K, Military Video
Surveillance and Bomb Disposal Robot, International Journal of Mechanical
Engineering and Technology, 7(1), 2016, pp. 232-242.
http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJMET?Volume=7&Issue=1

I.INTRODUCTION
Our idea was developed with an eye towards current civil wars, military turmoil, and terrorist
scenarios worldwide. Numerous skilled professionals are injured or murdered almost daily when
dealing with or attempting to disarm bombs. You can grasp all of this by watching the countless
news reports and documentaries that are published everyday in print media and on news channels
throughout the world. The robot's main objective in this scenario is to safeguard the bomb-
disposal squad from the dangers they deal with on a daily basis. Bomb squads in India utilize
detectors and maybe other technological tools to locate and defuse explosives, yet they
nevertheless endanger their own lives by going directly up to bombs or suspicious shipments
without taking any safety precautions. Our robot will add an extra degree of security for the
bomb squad members by enabling them to swiftly check and analyze any suspicious packet and
further, if detected, to instruct the robot to diffuse it.
The amount of time a bomb technician spends on a target is often reduced or eliminated by
a mobile robot operation that is controlled by a wireless module, allowing for a wider
operational range. A rudimentary autonomous robot is built to aid in the transportation of the
bomb as well as a basic robot for bomb disposal that can carry out easy tasks like cutting wires,
turning on switches, lifting light things, provides us with video feedback as well, allowing us
to effectively operate the robot. In this case, a robotic arm is used. A servo motor will be used
as the actuator. In response to user input, the robot's base will spin 180 degrees and the elbow,
shoulder, and gripper will all move. In addition to removing danger from potentially dangerous
situations and allowing the technician to focus on his task without being distracted by the risk
to his life and limbs, the robot can be used to convey information that will help the technician
decide what needs to be done. The robot also records the images in addition to everything else.

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

Rahee Walambe., Aditya Prakash. "Military Surveillance Robot Implementation Using

Robot Operating System" IEEE Transactions. In many situations in the actual world, robots are
becoming more and more common. Robotic housekeeping, medical help, and human assistance
are a few examples of typical robot applications. Robotics research and use are also prevalent in
the military and security sectors. Robots used for surveillance in hostile environments and
during terrorist attacks require a set of specialized capabilities to carry out their duties
effectively. We provide a model of a military surveillance robot built using the Robot Operating
System in this post. It also discusses some test case scenarios and the outcomes they produce, as
well as the development of maps utilizing the Kinect sensor.

Dr. R.V. Krishnan, Reddy, “Design and implementation of Bomb Diffusion using
Surveillance Robot using RF Technology” (2013). This essay explains the development and
operation of a system that is helpful in security, surveillance, and other related fields. Using
Colpitts’s oscillator idea, a very sensitive induction-type metal detector was created and mounted
to this robot. Through the use of an electronic sensor glove, the system developed in this research
receives input from hand movements and, using a microcontroller network, recognizes the
patterns of such gestures. The robot is moved in the appropriate direction, i.e. either forward,
backward, left, or right, depending on the movement of the hand.

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 Shameem Banu L, Mallikarjun S H and Rudresh T K

Prashant Limje, Shailesh Kaikali,” "Bomb Detection and Diffusion in Aircraft by Robotic
Application" A very real issue is terrorism. Although there were several terrorist strikes in the
early 1970s and 1980s, subsequent events have increased the technological scope and scope of
the actions. Experts in bomb disposal must operate with a high level of security and face
numerous dangers throughout missions. The consequences for society are regrettable. Travel
and flying become less alluring as a result of media like television and radio that tend to frighten
people. This pattern runs the risk of influencing racist practices in culture and religion. Leisure
and entertainment are tools that can be used to combat the phobia. Earlier, we defused the
explosive with human force; A remotely controlled robot can improve the safety of the artisans
while also successfully completing the task. Any method that enables the identification of
potential explosive devices is highly essential because water cannons and microcharges, typical
equipment of robots that operate outdoors, cannot be utilized inside an aeroplane. Examples of
such methods include cameras, X-rays, etc. Market- available robots can be categorized based
on "what" they can manage (object mass and size) and "where" they should work. (indoor,
outdoor, structured environment). For the arm and grabbing device to be designed properly, the
mass and size of the object are essential.

V Prasanna Balaji ” A Multipurpose Robot for Military Tribute to the Defence Ministry" There
are various technology that India's military and defence system now lacks because we are still
lagging behind the world's most powerful nations in the race for defence. We have created a
robot that can actually defuse the bomb wirelessly and from a distance because we are aware
that human bomb squads and dogs are often used in bomb detection, which requires the use of
living things and their loss can be quite expensive. This robot will have a mechanical arm for
itself that can dispose bombs with the help of hand gestures and a clipper. It has a self-contained
Wi-Fi camera that can capture 360-degree horizontal and 120-degree vertical angles, stream
live, and record both during the day and at night for cutting the cables as well as for
identification and surveillance purposes. With remote control, this robot will be installed above
the rover. It uses a rocker- bogie mechanism that we developed using the Arduino Uno
microcontroller, which enables two-way communication over Wi-Fi on both ends of the enemy as
well as the military personnel in a remote location from where the robot is being operated. As
a result, it can be used on a variety of terrains and staircases.

Saurabh Nalawade, “Robots for Surveillance in Military Applications” (2014) Information

is the key in the field of information technology. The military and law enforcement
organizations of any nation are comparable. This risky surveillance technique involves a lot of
human lives. The task of surveillance is hazardous. The possibility of being exposed when
snooping exists. Robots are unmanned machines that can be operated remotely. Additionally,
there is absolutely no risk or way to determine who the robot belongs to if it is discovered. The
use of robotics in military applications can also significantly reduce collateral harm. For
surveillance, it's also critical to have eyes and ears in the air, on the water, and on the ground.
This essay seeks to offer a potential fix or a prime illustration of such novel robot employment
in military espionage and surveillance. It is conceivable to create long-range robots that can be
operated from a distance with the aid of technologies like Xbee. By doing this, we can lessen
human meddling while also potentially save some lives.

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 Military Video Surveillance and Bomb Disposal Robot

G. Zhang, J. Furusho, and M. Sakaguchi, “Vibration suppression control of robot arms using
a homogeneous-type electrorheological fluid,” IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatronics, vol.5, no.3,
pp. 302–309 This article examines current technological, usability, and practical developments
while outlining a concept for a gesture-controlled user interface (GCUI). Here, we present a
comprehensive strategy that incorporates real-time detections, gesture- based data that modifies
user movements, and vehicle movement. Another modification is the three-axis accelerometer.
The speedometer also moves along with the individual's hand movement. The accelerometer
captures the gesture, which gesture then processes. Human-machine interactions are occurring
more frequently and are becoming more connected with the physical world than only the mouse
and pen. New technology developments have lowered the distance between humans and
machines every single day. It has the capacity to produce much improved robotic arms that are
made to resemble human hands and are easy to control using only human hand movements.

III. METHODOLOGY

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Raspberry Pi
A single board computer called the raspberry pi, which is about the size of a credit card and has
Bluetooth and wireless LAN connectivity. It runs LINUX, an operating system that has to be
stored on the SD card first. It is powered by a USB charger, and to use it as a desktop computer,
we need to connect a mouse, keyboard and monitor to it. It can be used for data processing,
word processing and even browsing the internet but, mostly is used for control purposes in
robotics.
The Raspberry Pi B is the model that we have decided to use for our robot. This device was
chosen because it has a strong processor, which is necessary for fewer delays in command
transmission and processing. It is capable of playing 1080 MP4 videos at approximately 60
frames per second i.e. an approximate bitrate of 5400 Kbps, thus ensuring a smooth video
outcome. Moreover, the credit card sized computer has built-in Wi-Fi capabilities which we
need for controlling the robot over the internet.

Figure1: RASPBERRY PI

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 Shameem Banu L, Mallikarjun S H and Rudresh T K

The Raspberry Pi has the following components:

• CSI Camera Connector.
• Broadcom BCM 2835 with 512MB RAM.
• 40 PIN GPIO Header.
• DSI Display Converter.
• Micro SD Card Slot
• 5V Micro USB.
• Quad USB Ports and 10/100 Base T Ethernet Ports.

Working Principle
The main means of communication with other devices is through the Ethernet port on the
Raspberry Pi. To connect to the internet, plug your home router into the raspberry pi's Ethernet
port.
Utilizing the general-purpose input and output pins, the Raspberry Pi can be connected to
other electronic boards. Programming on the Raspberry Pi has enabled these pins to receive
input and output commands. The Raspberry Pi has digital GPIO pins available. These pins are
connected to other electronic parts. You could link it to the temperature sensor, for example, to
transmit digital data.

Applications
• As Your Desktop
• Home Automation System
• Zero-Powered Smartphone

Bluetooth Module
With a range of about 10 meters, Bluetooth communication is a 2.4GHz frequency-based RF
communication. It is a low-range communication method that is widely used for data transfer,
audio systems, hands-free, computer peripherals, etc. The HC-05 Bluetooth Module is a
straightforward Bluetooth-based wireless communication device. This module's foundation is
the BC417 Single Chip Bluetooth IC, which supports both UART and USB interfaces and is
Bluetooth v2.0 compliant. Typically, the BC417 IC and a flash memory are included with the
HC-05 Bluetooth Module, or more specifically, the HC-05 Sub Module.

Pin Description
It has an enable pin. The module is enabled when this pin is floating or coupled to 3.3V. This pin
disables the module if it is linked to GND.
• +5V: This supply pin is used to connect +5V. Since the Module has a 3.3V regulator built in,
you can supply a +5Vsupply.
• GND: It is the ground pin, or GND.
• TX: This is the UART communication's transmitter pin.
• RX: The UART's receive pin.
This pin serves as a status indicator. When the module is not linked to any devices, this pin becomes
LOW. This pin turns HIGH when the module is associated with a device.

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 Military Video Surveillance and Bomb Disposal Robot

HC-05 Bluetooth Module

Working Principle
Whether Bluetooth is active or inactive, the HC-05's red LED displays the connection status.
Before being linked to the HC-05 module, this red LED blinks continuously and erratically.
When it is within Bluetooth range of another device, it blinks for two seconds. This module
runs on 3.3V.

Applications
• Used for wireless data transmission
• Data logging applications
• In robotics for wireless control

Robotic Arm
A robotic arm is a specific type of mechanical arm that is built from parts put on a platform,
much like human arms are. The arm may be a part of a more complicated robot, but it can often
be taught to carry out duties that are comparable to those of a human arm. The degree of freedom
of a robotic arm is the number of single-axis joints in that structure. The flexibility of the
instrument increases with the degree of freedom. We are employing a robotic arm with four
degrees of freedom. It has four motors; one of which is at the base, one at the shoulder, one at
the elbow, and one for the wrist at top of which a cutter is positioned.

Robotic Arm

Working Principle
The end-effector must also be controlled by robotic arms. The robotic arm's wrist-mounted end-
effector is the tool that makes direct contact with the workpieces. End- effectors can be attached
to robotic arms in a wide variety of ways. These include cutters, drills, sprayers, grippers, and
welding torches. During operation, the robotic arm positions itself to access workpieces and
employs the end- effector's movements to complete tasks.

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Applications
• Palletizing
• Material Handling
• Welding
• Inspection

Raspberry Camera
The raspberry camera module can record high-definition videos in addition to still photographs.
The camera's circuit board is connected to the Raspberry Pi's Camera Serial Interface with a
ribbon cable. It has a fixed focus and a five megapixel resolution. The camera provides high -
definition videos and pictures.
The Pi Camera module must be connected to the Raspberry Pi's CSI port using the CSI interface
that is provided by the Raspberry Pi Board.

Working Principle
The Raspberry Pi Camera Board is an add-on module designed specifically for Raspberry Pi
hardware. To connect to the Raspberry Pi hardware, it employs a distinctive CSI interface. The
sensor has a natural resolution of 5 megapixels while in still capture mode. When recording
videos, it can capture up to 1080p at 30 frames per second.

Applications
• Spying
• Take pictures
• High definition video

REMOTE CONTROL
A robot (or any other electrical equipment) can be controlled remotely, either with or without
the use of a cable. The two types of remote control techniques are wireless and wired. The best
method for connecting a computer to a stationary robot can be via tethered control or wired
remote control. Robots that are mobile may find the cable to be a burden. Here we are using a
wireless remote control.

ANDROID PHONE WITH REMOTE CONTROL

Working Principle
The operation of remote controls for all electronic appliances, including TVs, DVD players,
and other devices, depends on the infrared remote or IR communication principle. They
broadcast a code, which is the basis on which it operates. These codes take the form of IR pulses,
which the receiver decodes to perform a particular task.

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Applications
• Space probes in our solar system
• Military and combat operations
• Hazardous environments like Deep Ocean and Outer Space

Power Supply
An electric battery with a nominal voltage of nine volts is referred to as a nine-volt battery.
Depending on the makeup of the battery, the actual voltage ranges from 7.2 to 9.6 volts.
Batteries come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes; one of the most popular forms is PP3,
which was first used in early transistor radios. The PP3 features two polarized snap connections
on top and is built like a rectangular prism with rounded sides. This sort is frequently utilized
in a variety of settings, including toys, smoke and gas detectors, clocks, and domestic products
like clocks. The basic zinc-carbon and alkaline chemistry, primary lithium iron desulphated and
lithium manganese dioxide (also known as CRV9), as well as rechargeable nickel-cadmium
(Ni-Cd), nickel- metal hydride (Ni-MH), and lithium-ion battery types are all frequently
available for the nine-volt PP3 battery. Carbon-zinc types are made by stacking six flat cells
together, and to stop drying, they are then covered in a moisture-resistant substance. Three cells
are used in succession to create the primary lithium kinds. After encoding it, send it to the
display device.

BATTERY

Working Principle
A battery is a device that converts chemical energy stored in it into electrical energy. In external
circuits, electrons migrate from one thing (electrode) to another through chemical reactions in
batteries. Electron flow is capable of generating an electric current that can be used to carry out
operations.

Applications
• Medical
• Logistics and construction
• Firefighting and Emergency
• Military

Laptop
Manufacturers frequently refer to a laptop as a notebook computer. A laptop is a battery- or AC-
powered computer (PC) that is smaller than a briefcase. In transitory locations like meetings,
libraries, temporary workplaces, and airplanes, a laptop is portable and practical to use.

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Working Principle
The display screen, keyboard, speakers, data storage, disc drives, and pointing devices (a
touchpad or a trackpad) of a desktop computer are all combined into one smaller device with a
laptop's processor and operating system.

Applications
• Education
• For playing games,
• Web Browsing

IV. IMPLEMENTATION
Our robot serves as both a transmitter and receiver at the same time. In addition to transmitting
visual signals from the camera to the control site, it also receives signals from the controller unit.
The transmission and receiving of instructions both take place through a router. The camera’s
video signals will be received by the directing apparatus at the command location. The robot
will move in accordance with the instructions sent it to remotely by computer or smartphone. A
VNC viewer is used to control it via the same network, and the viewer is also used to get live
feedback. According to the live feed from the camera, the user controls the movement of the
robot base and robotic arm. The video data will subsequently be used for bomb detection and
robot guidance.

IMPLEMENTATION PART

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FLOWCHART

V. RESULT
In our wireless bomb disposal robot project, we first designed the structure of the bomb disposal
robot. We designed and assembled the hardware of the robot first which included the tank base,
the robotic arm and the Raspberry Camera. The base we chose for our project after analysis was
a structure that would be suitable for uneven surfaces and would cross all surfaces. The next
step involved the assembling of the robotic arm and then the programming of the servo motors
in the tank base and the robotic arm with Arduino and the Raspberry Pi. The controlling
component that receives the signal supplied by a wireless controller is the Raspberry Pi.
Additionally, the tank base was wirelessly controlled using the VNC viewer. Moreover, the VNC
viewer was used to control the tank base wirelessly.

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Figure. Spying and Bomb Disposal

FUTURE WORK
In future we can add and implement the robotic arm for diffusing of bomb and shooting purposes
by a triggering method.

REFERENCES
[1] BOMB DISPOSAL ROBOT USING ARDUINO |Electronics workshop (electronicsworkshops.com)
[2] Design and implementation of e-surveillance robot for video monitoring and living body detection, Dr.
Shantanu K Dixit, Mr. S.B. Dhayagonde, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications,
Volume 4, Issue 4, April 2014, ISSN2250-3153
[3] Design and implementation of remote operated spy robot control system, International Journal of Science,
Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR), Volume 3, Issue 7, July 2014
[4] Design of an Intelligent Combat Robot for war, Dr. S. Bhargavi, S. Manjunath, (IJACSA)
International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications. Vol.2, No.8,2011
[5] Military robots of the present and the future, AARMS TECHNOLOGY Vol9, No. 1(2010) 125-137

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