Unit 4- URBANISATION

TEST 1

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from
that of the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1: A. decrease B. expand C. concern D. reliable
Question 2: A. gradual B. building C. product D. crowded
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the that differs from the other three in the
position of stress in each of the following questions.
Question 3: A. afford B. control C. decrease D. housing
Question 4: A. proportion B. resident C. employment D. expensive
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer Sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
Question 5: Many people move to cities because they have good ______ of transportation like buses and
trains.
A. ways B. methods C. means D. uses
Question 6: The countryside is quiet, but people want to_______ and live in noisy cities.
A. urbanise B. urban C. urbanisation D. urbanism
Question 7: The government builds________ which are tall and spacious to solve the housing problem.
A. low-rise buildings B. high-rise buildings C. wet markets D. leisure activities
Question 8: This is the second time my friends_______ to a bigger city for work.
A. has moved B. had moved C. just moved D. have moved.
Question 9: The population is increasing, and the prices are going_________.
A. more higher and higher B. more high and higher
C. higher and higher. D. higher than higher

Read the following leaflet/school announcements and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 10 to 15.

HIGH-RISE BUILDING FOR SALE

Discover the ultimate urban living experience in our stunning (10) _____ high-rise building!
- Location: Close (11) _________ top shops, restaurants, and entertainment.
- Views: Enjoy breathtaking cityscape views from every floor.
- Design: Modern and (12) _________ architecture.
Contact us today to schedule a viewing and make this incredible high-rise your new home!
+84 098 765 4321
wwwsalerealestate.vn
Question 10: A.a B. an C. the D. no article
Question 11: A. on B. to C. for D. of
Question 12: A. rely B. reliant C. reliable D. reliably
City Announcement: Upcoming Urbanisation Trend
Exciting Changes Are Coming to Our City!
Urban Growth: Our city is expanding (13) _______, attracting more people from all over the world.
New Jobs: The more people are coming, (14) __________ jobs are being created by big companies.
Better Services: It is not the first time the city’s authority (15) _________ to improve city services,
including
schools, hospitals, and public transportation.
We are excited about these positive changes and look forward to a brighter future for our growing city.
Stay tuned for more updates and get ready to enjoy all the benefits of urbanization!

Question 13: A. rapidly B. gradually C. slowly D. slightly

Question 14: A. more than B. more many C. the more D. much more
Question 15: A. committed B. is committing C. have committed D. has committed
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentences to
make a meaningful paragraph/letter in each of the following questions.
Question 16:
i. One benefit of urbanisation is better job opportunities.
ii. As a result, families can enjoy a higher standard of living and have access to better services like
healthcare and education.
il. Also, with more companies competing, wages often increase, which helps people earn more money.
iv. When more people move to a city, new businesses open, and existing ones grow.
v. This means there are more jobs available for everyone.
A. v -ii-i-iii-iv B. i -iv-v-iii-ii
C. i-ii-v-iv - iii D. i-v-iii-iv-ii
Question 17:
i. Hi Anthony,
iii. The public transport is great too. It’s easy to get around by bus or train.
ii. The city is full of tall buildings, busy streets, and lots of people.
iv. There are so many shops, restaurants, and cafes everywhere. I loved walking around and seeing all the
different places.
v. Your love,
vi. Let’s plan a trip together soon. I think you would really like it here!
vii. I hope you’re doing well! I just visited an amazing urban area, and I wanted to tell you all about it.
A. i-iv-vi-ii-vii-iii-v B. i - vii – ii-v - iii -iv -vi
C. i-vi-iii-iv-vii-ii-v D. i-vii -iii- iv -ii-vi-v
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the
numbered blanks from 18 to 23.

Urbanisation is the process where (18) ______, causing the cities to grow. This trend happens
because cities offer more job opportunities, better schools, and healthcare services. In many countries,
(19) ______. Cities grow as factories, offices, and shops are built. People move to cities in search of a
better life, which leads to the construction of more homes, roads, and infrastructure.
However, rapid urbanisation can cause problems. One major issue is overcrowding. When too
many people live in a small area, it can lead to traffic jams, pollution, and a lack of clean water. (20)
________, making it hard for some people to find a place to live. This can result in the creation of slums,
where living conditions are poor.
Another challenge is the strain on public services. (21) _______ for schools, hospitals, and public
transport increase. If cities cannot keep up with this demand, it can lead to a decline in the quality of these
services.
(22) _____________ . It can lead to economic growth, as businesses have access to a larger
workforce and more customers. Cities can become centers of culture, with museums, theaters, and
restaurants that attract both residents and tourists.
 In conclusion, (23) __________. However, it also offers opportunities for economic development
and cultural enrichment. Managing urban growth effectively is crucial to ensure that cities remain livable
and sustainable for everyone.
(Adapted from /https://www.urbanet.info)
Question 18:
A. people move between the countryside to cities
B. people move from the cities to the countryside
C. people move from the countryside to cities
D. people move between the cities to the countryside
Question 19:
A. urbanisation is a sign of development
B. urbanisation is a colonial growth
C. urbanisation expands unemployment
D. urbanisation gradually decreases
Question 20:
A. Consequently, housing can rapidly be reliable
B. Additionally, housing can become very, expensive
C. Nevertheless, housing creates lots of concerns
D. In contrast, housing make residents reliable
Question 21:
A. More and greater people and the demands.
B. The more people come, the more great the demands
C. More people come, greater the demands
D. The more people come, the greater the demands
Question 22:
A. Despite these challenges, urbanisation also brings benefits
B. Although these challenges, urbanisation also has advantages
C. Because these challenges, urbanisation also brings drawbacks
D. Because of these challenges, urbanisation also have disadvantages
Question 23:
A. it is not the first time urbanisation created remarkable threats
B. it is not the first time urbanisation did created significant challenges
C. it is not the first time urbanisation has been created remarkable threats
D. it is not the first tume urbanisation has created significant challenges |
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the
numbered blanks from 24 to 28.
URBANISATION IN RURAL AREAS
Urbanisation in rural areas is when villages and small ‘towns start to grow and become more like
cities. This happens (24)_____- people move from big cities to the countryside, looking for a quieter life
or better job opportunities. As more people move to the countryside, these places start to change. New
houses, schools, and shops are built. Roads are improved, and there might be more buses and trains.
Moreover, urbanisation in rural areas can bring more jobs. When new businesses open, they need
workers. This helps local people find work without moving to the city. Better schools and hospitals can
also be built, improving the quality of life for everyone. (25)_________ , there are also problems. As
more people move to rural areas, the (26)________- of living can go up. Houses become more
(27)________ , and some people might find it hard to (28)________ a home. There can also be more
traffic and pollution. Natural areas might be destroyed to make way for new buildings.
(Adapted from /https:/ourworldindata.org)
Question 24: A. when B. which C. whose D. whom
Question 25: A. Therefore B. Although C. However D. Because
Question 26: A. concern B. cost C. rush D. leisure
Question 27: A. expensively B. expense C. expend D. expensive
Question 28: A. seek B. expand C. afford D. decrease
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 29 to 33.

Can Tho is a city in Vietnam, located in the Mekong Delta region. It has grown a lot over the
years. In the past, Can Tho was a small town known for its rivers, floating markets, and simple way of
life. People traveled mostly by boat, and fishing and farming were common jobs. The floating markets
were busy with sellers in boats, offering fruits, vegetables, and local food. The city was peaceful and close
to nature.
Now, Can Tho has changed a lot. It has become a large city with modern buildings, busy streets,
and many businesses. Its residents now can enjoy life with more schools, hospitals, and shopping centers.
The transportation has improved with new roads and bridges, making it easier to travel. The city still has
its floating markets, but it also has supermarkets and malls. Tourism has grown, with visitors coming to
see the old markets, gardens, and traditional houses.
(Adapted from https://blue. star-board.com)
Question 29: What is the best title of the passage?
A. Can Tho city in the past B. Can Tho city at present
C. Can Tho is the small town D. Can Tho city now and then
Question 30: According to the passage, what was Can Tho famous for in the past?
A. river banks B. way of life C. modem buildings D. floating markets
Question 31: The word "It" in the 1st paragraph refers to___________.
A. Can Tho B. Vietnam C. Mekong Delta D. region
Question 32: The word "residents" in the 2nd paragraph is closest in meaning to__________.
A. people B. dwellers C. teenagers D. parents
Question 33: According to the passage, which of these statements is NOT true?
A. People in Can Tho mostly traveled by boats.
B. Can Tho city now has new roads and bridges.
C. People demolished floating markets in Can Tho.
D. Can Tho has become a large city with modern buildings.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 34 to 40.
The line graph illustrates the population growth of Vietnam, the United States, India, and
Germany from 2011 to 2021.
Overall, the populations of all four countries increased over the period. India had the highest
population, followed by the United States, Vietnam, and Germany, which had the smallest population.
Notably, India experienced the most significant growth, while Germany’s population growth was
minimal.
In 2011, Vietnam's population was 87.8 million, increasing steadily to 94.2 million by 2021. The
United States started at 310.2 million in 2011 and grew to 335.0 million in 2021. This steady growth
highlights a consistent rise in population for both countries.
India had a substantial population of 1241.5 million ‘in 2011, which escalated to 1409.0 million
by 2021.This increase of over 167 million people signifies India’s rapid population growth. Conversely,
Germany’s population growth was modest, it started at 80.3 million in 2011 and reached 81.5 million in
2021, marking an increase of just 1.2 million people over the decade. _
In conclusion, while all four countries experienced population growth from 2011 to 2021, India
saw the most significant increase, whereas Germany’s growth was relatively minor.
(Adapted from https://therealielts.vn)
Question 34: What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The comparison between Vietnam and other countries.
B. The description of population data in four countries.
C. The increase in population of four western countries.
D. Vietnam, the United States, India, and Germany’s data.
Question 35: According to the passage, the populations of Vietnam, the United States, India, and
Germany___________.
A. plummeted from 2011 to 2021 B. decreased between 2011 and 2021
C. declined over the time D. went up over the period
Question 36: The word "steadily" in the 3" paragraph is closest in meaning to__________.
A. gradually B. quickly C. slowly D. remarkably
Question 37: The word "rapid" in the 4" paragraph is opposite in Meaning to___________.
A. fast B. swift C. quick D. slow
Question 38: The word "it" in the 4" paragraph refers to,
A. Germany B. growth C. population D. increase
Question 39: According to the passage, from 2011 to 2021, which of the following is NOT true?
A. The United States had the second highest population.
B. Germany’s population grew the most slowly.
C. India’s population increased the most significantly.
D. Vietnam’s population witnessed a huge increase.
Question 40: It can be inferred from the paragraph that________ .
A. During the period, Vietnam’s population was low due to poverty.
B. India and America were the most crowded nations in the world.
C. The growth in India and the US was more substantial than the others.
D. Globally, the number of people who live in Germany was the lowest.
Unit 4- URBANISATION
TEST 2

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from
that of the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1: A. afford B. rapid C. urban D. area
Question 2: A. concern B. colonial C. electric D. local
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate that it differs from the other three in the
position of stress in each of the following questions.
Question 3: A. expand B. leisure C. process D. quiet
Question 4: A. comfortable B. architecture C. gradually D. unemployment
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
Question 5: The French___________ building has many beautiful ancient windows.
A. national B. regional C. colonial D. minimal
Question 6: In the________ area, there are many parks equipped with modern facilities.
A. resident B. residential C. residence D. non-resident
Question 7: From my own perspective, the traffic is terrible during__________.
A. rush hour B. convenience store C. housing issue D. public park
Question 8: I watched “The Lord of the Rings” series, and that is the best series I___________.
A. had ever seen B. ever saw C. had just seen D. have ever seen.
Question 9: Due to the urbanisation, the train station is____________ in the mornings.
A. crowdeder and crowdeder B. more crowded and crowded
C. the more crowded and crowdeder D. more and more crowded

Read the following leaflet/school announcements and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 10 to 15.

UPCOMING BUS ROUTE

Enjoy easy and quick travel across (10) ________ city!

Route Highlights:
- Covers key urban locations.
- Stops at major residential and commercial areas.
- Connects (11) _______ train stations and shopping centers.
Join us in celebrating the (12) __________ of our city and make your daily commute easier with our new
bus route!
Book you ticket now: +02 0/22 03 123
(Adapted from wivw.ukmodernbusroute.com)
Question 10: A. a B. an C. the D. no article
Question 11: A. on B. to C.at D. of
Question 12: A. grow B. growing C. growthy D. growth

CHANGES IN OUR LIVING AREA

Due to urbanization, there are some important changes coming to our (13)_______.
Here is what you need to know:
- The more people come, (14)____________ new apartment buildings are being built.
- More shops and restaurants (15) _________ recently.
- A new park is planned for the community.
Stay informed and be a part of the exciting changes in our living area as we grow together with
urbanization!
Question 13: A. concern B. proportion C. employment D. neighborhood
Question 14: A. more faster B. the faster C. more fast D. faster
Question 15: A. have been opened B. will be opened
C. are being opened D. were opened
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentences to
make a meaningful paragraph/letter in each of the following questions.
Question 16:
i. Consequently, families might not have enough money and may find it harder to get good healthcare and
education.
ii. One drawback of urbanization is fewer jobs for everyone.
iii. Also, because there are more workers, companies may not pay as much.
iv. This means some people might have to take low-paying jobs or not find work at all.
v. When many people move to a city, it can be hard to find work because there are too many people
looking for jobs.
A. ii- v-iv-iii-i B. ii-i-v-iii-iv
C. v-iii-iv-v-ii D. ii-v-ui-iv-i
Question 17:
i. Also, I found a huge park where I can relax and read.
ii. I just moved to a new city! It's very exciting here.
iii. Inside them, there are lots of shops and restaurants. |
iv. I miss you and hope you can visit soon. How are things with you?
v. The city is big and has many tall buildings.
vi. Best wishes,
vil. Hi Alec,
A. vii-iv-v-ii-i-iii-vi B. vii-ii-v-i-iv-vi
C. vii-v-iii - iv-i-ii-vi D. vi-v-iii-iv-ii-i- vii
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the
numbered blanks from 18 to 23.
I have just moved to an urban area for a job. The job opportunities here are much better than in
the rural area where I used to live. In the city, (18) _______ . This means more job options in different
fields like technology, healthcare, and education. (19) _______ .
In rural areas, there are fewer job options, mostly in farming or small local businesses. It is harder
to find different kinds of work there. Since moving to the city, I have noticed people (20)
Companies here often offer good salaries and benefits, (21) _______.
This is the third time (22)________ . Each time, I find more choices and better pay. In the city,
there are also more chances to learn new skills and grow in your career. Many people move to cities for
these reasons, hoping for a better life.

(23) ________ . Rent and daily expenses are higher than in rural areas. But with higher salaries, it
is possible to manage these costs. In rural areas, living is cheaper, but the salaries are also lower, making
it harder to save money.
(Adapted from https:/wvw.ncbi.nlm.nih gov)
Question 18:
A. it exists much companies and businesses
B. there are much concerns and residents
C. it exists many concerns and residents
C. it exists many concerns and residents
D. there are many companies and businesses.
Question 19:
A. The more high the number of companies are, the better the chance of finding a good job is.
B. Higher the number of companies, better the chance of finding a good job.
C. The higher the number of companies are, the better the chance of finding a good job is. |\
D. The number of companies are higher, the chance of finding a good job are higher.
Question 20:
A. getting hired faster and faster B. being hired more and more fastly.
C. getting hired more and more fast D. being hired more fastly and more fastly
Question 21:
A. which makes life easier. B. that makes life easier.
C. where life is easter. D. when life is easier.
Question 22:
A. I ever moved to a city for better job opportunities
B. I have moved to a city for better job opportunities
C. I have been moved to an urban area for more jobs.
D. I had already moved to an urban area for more jobs.
Question 23:
A. Therefore, living in the city can be invaluable.
B. However, moving in the city can be priceless.
C. Therefore, moving in the city can be affordable.
D. However, living in the city can be expensive.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the
numbered blanks from 24 to 28.
RUSH HOUR

Rush hour is the time when many people go to and come back from work, particularly in big cities where
this phenomenon occurs every morning and evening. During these (24)____ hours, the roads and buses
are incredibly busy due to the high volume of vehicles. Many people choose to live in cities (25)______
the abundance of job opportunities and educational institutions, a trend known as (26)_________ . This
results in an increasing number of people moving to urban areas, leading to overcrowding in certain
places. During (27) ________, the congestion caused by the numerous cars and buses can make the
journey to work or school lengthy and stressful for many. Furthermore, the poor air quality resulting from
vehicle emissions can negatively impact people's health. To address these issues, city planners strive to
improve living conditions by constructing more roads and enhancing public transportation ‘systems. They
also create bike lanes and pedestrian-friendly sidewalks, which allow people to safely walk or cycle. (28)
__________- efforts contribute to making cities more livable and enjoyable.

(Adapted from /https:/fvcgeography. wordpress.com)

Question 24: A. high B. top C. peak D. point

Question 25: A. although B. due to C. because D. despite
Question 26: A. concern B. residence C. expansion D. urbanization
Question 27: A. rush hour B. housing problem C. traffic jam D. residential area
Question 28: A. Other B. This C. Another D. These
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 29 to 33.

In big cities, parks are essential. They provide open spaces where people can relax and enjoy
some nature. With all the tall buildings, busy streets, and crowds, city life can be overwhelming. Parks
offer a much-needed escape. Therefore, people visit parks for all sorts of activities. They can walk, run, or
ride bikes. Kids love playing on swings and slides, while families enjoy picnics on the grass. Some people
go to parks to read or simply take in the fresh air. Parks are also popular spots for doing exercise, with
many doing yoga or playing sports.
Beyond recreation, parks help clean the air and offer a place to breathe fresh air. Filled with trees
and plants, they benefit the environment and provide habitats for birds and small animals. Having parks
near residential areas is crucial since they enhance city living by providing a break from the noise and
crowds. In a nutshell, parks are like little slices of nature in the midst of the urban hustle.
Question 29: What passage mainly discusses_________.
A. The problems that parks are having. B. The ways people enjoy their local parks.
C. The drawbacks of some local parks. D. The reasons why parks are important.
Question 30: According to the passage, which activity is NOT mentioned as something people do at the
parks?
A. eat outdoor B. go jogging C. workout D. play esports
Question 31: The word "they" in the 2nd paragraph refers to_______.
A. plants B. parks C. habitats D. trees
Question 32: The phrase "residential areas" in the 2nd paragraph means__________.
A. locations where people can earn money B. parts of a city or town where people live
C. areas which people plant their vegetables D. places to hang out with friends
Question 33: According to passage, having parks in our communities is important because_______.
A. they improve life in the city. B. parks break down noise and crowds.
C. people live in the urban hustle. D. they are slices of nature within cities.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer Sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 34 to 40.
Vietnam's urban population has been growing rapidly over the past few decades. As of 2020,
approximately 37% of the country's population resided in urban areas, a significant increase from around
19% in 1986. This growth rate has been consistent with the country's overall economic development and
modernization efforts. Projections indicate that the urban population could reach 50% by 2030, further
transforming the country's demographic landscape.
Moreover, major cities like Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, Da Nang, and Hai Phong have been at the
forefront of Vietnam's urbanization. These cities are not only the largest in terms of population but also
the most economically dynamic, attracting investments and job seekers. For example, Ha Noi, the largest
city in the country, has seen its population grow significantly due to internal migration and natural
population growth. Similarly, Ho Chi Minh city, the central city, has experienced rapid expansion,
becoming a hub for politics, culture, and education.
In addition to the growth in major cities, there has also been notable development in secondary
cities. Cities like Can Tho, Nha Trang, and Vung Tau have seen increasing urbanization, driven by
regional economic development and improvements in infrastructure. These secondary cities often serve as
regional economic centers and offer opportunities for development outside the primary urban hubs.

(Adapted from https://vietnam.opendevelopmentmekong.net)

Question 34: What is the best title for the passage?
A. Rapid Urban Growth in Vietnam. B. Vietnam Infrastructure Development
C. Unemployment rate in Vietnam. D. Notable Urgent Proportion in Vietnam
Question 35: According to the passage, Vietnam’s urban population is expected to rise to about_______.
A. 37% B. 50% C. 19% D. 25%
Question 36: The word "seekers" in the 2™ paragraph is closest in meaning to__________.
A. employers B. employees C. searchers D. residents
Question 37: The word "its" in the 2nd paragraph refers to________.
A. city’s B. growth’s C. population’s D. job’s
Question 38: The word "expansion" in the 2nd paragraph is opposite in meaning to_______
A. growth B. extension C. spread D. decrease
Question 39: According to the second paragraph, which of the following is NOT true?
A. Ha Noi city is the largest city in Vietnam.
B. Hanoi has experienced rapid expansion.
C. Can Tho is considered a primary urban hub.
D. The economy has grown notably in Da Nang.
Question 40: It can be inferred from the last paragraph that___________.
A. Can Tho city is the most developed city in secondary cities.
B. Viet Nam has improved the regional infrastructure.
C. Urbanization is not limited to only major cities in Vietnam.
D. Secondary cities often serve as regional economic centers.