CERTIFICATE

It is hereby certified that during the academic year 2022–2023, student

_____________ of class ______ section _______, under the guidance of Mr.
DHARMENDRA BHARDWAJ PGT (P.E.), successfully completed the
project________________ as part of the practical fulfilment of Physical Education
work assigned by CBSE.

____________________
Teacher’s Signature
Name of the Teacher

External’s Signature School Stamp

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I'm incredibly appreciative that I was able to finish my Physical Education project in
the allotted time by our teacher, Mr. DHARMENDRA BHARDWAJ.
Without the help and cooperation of my family, this project cannot be finished.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Mr. DHARMENDRA BHARDWAJ,
PGT (P.E.) for his assistance and support in completing this assignment as well as for
instructing us during the session.
The process of creating this project file was interesting and informative.

Student's name -
Class - Sec -
INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOL, BHOPAL
 PHYSICAL EDUCATION PRACTICAL
CLASS - XII
Practical-1: Fitness tests administration for all items.
Motor fitness is a term that describes an athlete’s ability to perform effectively during sports or any other physical
activity.
Motor Fitness Test –
1. 50 M Standing Start 2. 600 M Run/Walk
3. Sit & Reach Test 4. Partial Curl Up
5. Push Ups (Boys) 6. Modified Push Ups (Girls)
7. Standing Broad Jump 8. Shuttle Run (4x10 M)

1. 50 M Standing Start

i. Purpose: The aim of this test is to determine acceleration and speed.

ii. Equipment required: measuring tape or marked track, stopwatch, cone markers, flat and clear surface of
at least 70 meters.
iii. Procedure: The test involves running a single maximum sprint over 50 meters, with the time recorded. A
thorough warm-up should be given, including some practice starts and accelerations. Start from a
iv. stationary standing position (hands cannot touch the ground), with one foot in front of the other. The front
foot must be behind the starting line. Once the subject is ready and motionless, the starter gives the
instructions "set" then "go." The tester should provide hints for maximizing speed (such as keeping low
driving hard with the arms and legs) and the participant should be encouraged to not slow down before
crossing the finish line.
v. Results: Two trials are allowed, and the best time is recorded to the nearest 2 decimal places. The timing
starts from the first movement (if using a stopwatch) or when the timing system is triggered, and finishes
when the chest crosses the finish line and/or the finishing timing gate is triggered.
vi. Target population: soccer other sports in which speed over a similar distance is important.
vii. Reliability: Reliability is greatly improved if timing gates are used. Also, weather conditions and the
running surface can affect the results, and these conditions should be recorded with the results- If possible,
set up the track with a crosswind to minimize the effect of wind.

2. 600 M Run/Walk

i. Purpose: The aim of this test is to determine acceleration and speed.

ii. Equipment required: oval or 400m running track, stopwatch recording sheets.
iii. Procedure: The aim of this test is to complete the 600-meter course in quickest possible time. To start, all
participants line up behind the starting line. On the command 'go,' the clock will start, and they will begin
running at their own pace. Cheering or calling out the elapsed time is also permitted to encourage the
participants to achieve their best time.
iv. Scoring: The total time taken to run 600m is recorded.
v. Reliability: The reliability of this test would depend on practice and pacing strategies and motivation level.
There should be good reliability if these issues are addressed.
vi. Advantages: Large groups can be tested at once, and it is a very cheap and simple test to perform-
vii. Disadvantages: Practice and pacing are required to maximize the subject performance, and also the test results
can be affected greatly by motivation.
 3. Sit and Reach Test

The sit and reach test were first propounded by Wells and Dillon in 1952. This test is widely used as normal test of
flexibility.

i. Purpose: The sit and reach test is a significant test to measure the flexibility of hip region including the lower
back and hamstring muscles. Generally, it is noted that owing to the lack of flexibility in this region there is
greater risk of injury. It is also entangled with lumbar lordosis and lower back pain.
ii. Equipment’s Required: Sit and reach box or a makeshift ruler and a box may be used in which zero mark can
be adjusted for each individual according to their sitting reach level because there is a variation of lengths of
individual’s arms and legs.
iii. Procedure: First of all, shoes and socks should be removed. Then sit down on the floor with legs
stretched out straight ahead. The soles of the feet should be kept flat against the box. Both the knees
should be locked and pressed flat to the floor. An assistant may hold the knees down. Palms should
be facing downwards. Hands should be on the top of each other or side by side. The individual,
whose flexibility is to be measured, tries to extend his both hands forward along the measuring line
on the box as far as he can extend. His finger tips of both hands should remain equal and at the same
level. He should not jerk or bounce to reach at maximum distance. He should hold the full reach
position for two seconds and the score should be recorded. Generally, in such test warm up is not
allowed, however, the results can be attained after suitable warm up. In case of sliding ruler or
makeshift ruler the zero mark should be at the fingertips. If it is not available or simple marking is
there the zero mark should be 9 inches before the feet.
iv. Scoring: The score is recorded to the nearest centimetre or half
inch as the distance reached by the fingertips of both hands.
v. Advantages:
a. It is a simple test to know the flexibility.
b. It is an easy test to perform.
vi. Disadvantages: This test is good for flexibility of joints of lower
back and hamstrings and not related to the flexibility of other
joints of the body.

4. Partial Curl Up

i. Purpose: The partial curl-up test measures abdominal

strength and endurance, important in back support and core
stability.
ii. Equipment required: A flat, clean, cushioned surface,
stopwatch, recording sheets, pen, and a metronome (or audio
tape, drums).
iii. Procedure: In this test the partner sits behind, the subject and
cups the subject’s head in their hands. The starting position
is with the arms fully extended with fingers resting on the
legs and pointing toward the knees. The subject curls-up
slowly; sliding the fingers along the legs until the fingertips touch the knees, then back down again, until the
head touches the partner’s hands. One complete curl-up is completed every three seconds, and are continued
until exhaustion (e.g., the subject cannot maintain the rhythm or has reached the target number for the test).
iv. Scoring: The completion of one complete curl-up counts as one. Make sure that the subject does not
"bounce" off the floor – only correctly performed curl ups should be counted. The timer begins the test by
calling out the signal “ready? Go!”. The stop watch is started at the same time, and at the conclusion of one
minute the timer calls out "Stop” at which counting and the subject stop.
 v. Advantages: This test is simple and quick to perform requiring minimal equipment, and large groups may
be tested at once.
vi. Disadvantages: The partial curl-up test in which the feet are not supported measure of abdominal strength
and endurance.
5. Push Ups (Boys)

i. Purpose: The aim of this test is to determine upper body strength

and endurance.
ii. Equipment required: Floor mat, PACER d with push up track.
iii. Procedure: start in the push-up position - with the hands and toes
touching the floor, the body and legs are in a straight line, feet
slightly apart, and the arms at shoulder width apart, extended and at a
right angle to the body. Keeping the back and knees straight, the
subject lowers the body until there is a 9O-degree angle at the
elbows, with the upper arms parallel to the floor. A partner holds their holds at the point of the
90degree angle so that the subject being tested goes down only until their shoulder touches the
partner's hand, then back up. The push-ups are done in time to a metronome or similar device with
one complete push-up every three seconds (1.5 seconds down and 1.5 seconds up,20 complete push-
ups per minute). The subject continues until they can do no more in rhythm (has not done the last
three in rhythm) or has reached the target number of push-ups.
iv. Scoring: Record the number of correctly completed push-ups that were performed in time to the
rhythm.
v. Advantages: This test is easy and quick to perform.

6. Modified Push Ups (Girls)

i. Purpose: To measure the muscular strength of arms, upper body and the
core.
ii. Equipment required: Floor mat, PACER d with push up track.
iii. Procedure: The push-up begins in a kneeling position, with the hands and
knees touching the ground. The knees are kept slightly apart; the arms are
at shoulders width apart, extended and at a right angle to the body.
Keeping the back straight and holding the core tight, the student lowers
the body until there is a 90- degree angle at the elbows, then returns to the
starting position with the arms extended. The action is repeated until exhaustion or until the limit is reached. In
case of timed tests, the maximum numbers of correct push-ups performed are noted.
iv. Benefits of Modified Push-Ups: There are many benefits to the Modified Push-Ups and just as many reasons
you should incorporate them into your workouts. Push-ups are one of the best exercises anyone can do, but
women especially! All in one exercise, you get the benefit of toning your arms, chest, shoulders, and core.
Push ups tone up basically your entire upper body all the while helping you to torch calories and reveal toned
and tight arms, shoulders, and abs. Here are just a few benefits of modified push-ups:

7. Standing Broad Jump (Long Jump)

i. Purpose: To measure the explosive power of the legs

ii. Equipment required: The measure-to-measure distance jumped, non-slip floor for take-off, and soft-
landing area preferred. Commercial Long jump Landing Mats are also available.
iii. Procedure: A take-off line is marked on the ground. Subjects stands just
behind the line with the feet several inches apart. The subject swings the
arms and bends the knees to take a jump. Landing should be on both legs.
Three trails are given to the subject. The distance is measured from the
take-off line to the heel or other part of body that touches the ground
nearest to the take-off line. Best of three will be counted.
iv. Scoring: The measurement is taken from take-off line to the nearest point
of contact on the landing (back of the heels). Record the longest distance
jumped, the best of three attempts.
v. Advantages: This test is simple and quick to perform, requiring minimal equipment.
vi. Disadvantages: There is some skill component in this test.

8. Shuttle Run (4×10 M)

i. Purpose: This is a test of speed, body control and the ability to

change direction (agility).
ii. Equipment required: Two wooden blocks for each runner (each
block should measure 10 x 5 x 5 cm), marker cones or marking
tape, measurement tape, stopwatch, flat non-slip surface, with two
lines 10 meters apart.
iii. Procedure: Mark two lines 10 meters apart using marking tape or
cones. The two blocks are placed on the line opposite the line they
are going to start at. On the signal "ready”, the participant places
their front foot behind the starting line. On the signal, "got" the participant sprints to the opposite line, picks
up a block of wood, runs back and places it on or beyond the starting line. Then turning without a rest, they
run back to retrieve the second block and carry it back across the finish line- Two trials are performed.
iv. Scoring: Record the time to complete the test in seconds to the nearest one decimal place. The score is the
better of the two times recorded. A trial is void if a block is dropped or thrown.
v. Advantages: This test can be conducted on large groups relatively quickly with minimal equipment
required.
 Practical-2: Procedure for Asanas, Benefits & Contraindication for any two
Asanas for each lifestyle disease.

Obesity

Obesity is that condition of the body in which the amount of fat increases to extreme levels. In other words, obesity
can be defined as „the condition when an individual weight 20 percent more than the ideal weight‟.

1. Vajrasana

Procedure: it is a meditative asana. Kneel down on the ground with your knees, ankles and
toes touching the ground. Your toes should be stretched backwards. Now place your palms
of both your hands on the knees. The upper body should be straight. At this time, the breathing
should be deep, even and slow. Then expend your chest and pull your abdominal portion
inwards.

Benefits:

1. It helps in reducing hip fat.

2. It enhances memory power.
3. It cures the problems related to menstruation.
4. It cures mental stress.
5. It strengthens the pelvic muscles.
6. It removes postural defects.
7. It prevents hernia and gives relief from piles.
8. It is the best meditation asana for people suffering from sciatica and sacral infections.
9. It is helpful in curing dysentery, back pain and chest diseases and also helpful for concentration.
10. It gives relief from constipation, acidity and increases digestive process.

Contraindications:

1. A person suffering from joint pain should not perform Vajrasana.

2. The individuals who have and spinal column problem should not perform Vajrasana.
3. The individuals who have some difficulty in movement should practise Vajrasana with a lot of
care.

2. Trikonasana

Procedure: first of all, stand with your legs apart. Then raise the arms sideways up to
the shoulder level. Bend the trunk sideways and raise the right hand upward. Touch the
ground with left hand behind left foot. After some time, do the same asana with opposite
arm in the same way.

Benefits:

1. It strengthens the legs, knees, arms and chest.

2. It helps in improving digestion and stimulates all the abdominal organs.
3. It increases mental and physical equilibrium.
 4. It reduces stress, anxiety, back pain and sciatica.
5. It helps in increasing height.
6. It helps in reducing obesity.
7. It enhances blood circulation.
8. It is also helpful in reducing excess fat around the waistline.

Contraindications:

1. If you are suffering from diarrhoea, low or high blood pressure, back injury or migraine, avoid the
practice of it.
2. The individual having cervical spondylitis should not perform this asana.

Diabetes

It is really a very dangerous condition. If diabetes is not controlled, it can lead to renal failure, loss of vision,
amputation of limbs and cardiovascular diseases. Diabetes is such a disorder that is caused sugar to build up in our
stream instead of being used by the cells in our bodies. In fact, our body uses a hormone (insulin) to control the level
of sugar in our blood. When our body does not produce sufficient amount of insulin or when insulin does not work
properly, diabetes occurs. It is of two types.

Type I: in this type, the pancreatic gland does not produce insulin. Hence injection of insulin is required daily for
its treatment.
Type II: in this type, the body does not produce sufficient amount of insulin or the insulin is produced sufficiently
but it is not used properly by the body.

1. Bhujangasana

Procedure: in this asana, the shape of the body remains like a snake that is
why it is called bhujangasana. In order to perform this asana, lie down on the
belly on the ground. Keep your hands near the shoulders. Keep your legs close
together. Now, straighten up your arms slowly, raise the chest. Your head
should turn backwards. Keep this position for some time. Then get back to the
former position. For good result, perform this asana 3 to 5 times.

Benefits:

1. It alleviates obesity.
2. It provides strength and agility.
3. It cures the disorders of urinary bladder.
4. It cures the diseases of liver.
5. It improves blood circulation.
6. It makes the vertebral column flexible and thin.
7. It cures gas disorders, constipation and indigestion.
8. It strengthens the muscles of hands.

Contraindications

1. This asana should be avoided by individuals who suffer from hernia, back injuries, headaches and recent
abdominal surgeries.
2. Pregnant women should not perform this asana.
2. Paschimottanasana

Procedure: Sit on the ground with legs forward. Then hold the toes of your
feet with the fingers of both hands. Then breathe out slowly and try to touch
the knees with your forehead. After that breathe in slowly, raise your head
upwards and come to the prior position. Perform this asana at least 10 to 12
times.

Benefits:

1. It takes care of gas trouble.

2. It prevents the early ossification of bones.
3. It is a good remedy for constipation.
4. It helps to overcome several menstrual disorders.
5. It gives relief in sciatica, backache and asthma.
6. It reduces obesity.
7. It is helpful in treating abdominal diseases.
8. It is helpful in curing skin diseases.
9. Vertebra becomes flexible and healthy.

Contraindications:

1. If you are suffering from enlarged liver of spleen or acute appendicitis, you should never do this asana.
2. Avoid practising this asana if you suffer from asthma to any respiratory diseases.
3. If you have any back or spinal problem, make sure that you perform this asana only under expert
guidance.

Asthma

Asthma is a disease of lungs in which the airways become blocked or narrowed causing difficulty in breathing. In
asthma, the airways also swell up and produce extra mucus. It usually triggers coughing, wheezing or whistling
and shortness of breath.

1. Sukhasana

Procedure: Sit down with the legs straight in front of the body. After that, bend the
right leg and place the foot under the left thigh. Then bend the left leg and keep the
foot under the right. Place the hands on the knees. Chin should be in. Keep the head,
neck and back straight, close the eyes. Relax your body.

Benefits:

1. It facilitates mental and physical balance without causing strain or pain.

2. It stretches and lengthens spine.
3. It calms your mind.
4. It enhances your condition of peace.
5. It reduces anxiety, stress and mental fatigue.
6. It helps in improving body posture.
7. It provides gentle massage to knees, calf muscles and thighs.
8. It spreads a sense of calmness throughout your body and mind.
Contraindications

1. If your knees and hips are injured or inflamed, you should avoid practising this asana.
2. If you have a slip disc problem, you should take proper care while performing this asana.

2. Chakrasana

Procedure: In this asana, the figure of the body becomes like a chakra, therefore, this
asana is called chakarasana. First of all, lie down on your back. Fix your hands firmly on
the ground. Then raise the middle portion of your body upwards. Raise it as high as
possible, so that your body is in semi-circle position. Then keep your head downwards
between your hands. In the beginning, keep this position for one minute and then after
some days of practice, do it for 3 to 5 minutes.

Benefits:

1. It cures back pain.

2. It cures any pain in kidneys
3. It is helpful in removing obesity.
4. It prevents the problem of hernia.
5. It stimulates pituitary and thyroid gland.
6. It cures infertility, asthma and osteoporosis.
7. It gives relief from stress and reduce depression.
8. The semi-circular position makes the dorsal side of the body to stretch making the chest to expand.
Thus, more fresh oxygen is made available.

Contraindications

1. If you suffer from headache or high blood pressure you should not perform this asana.
2. Don’t perform this asana in case of shoulder impingement.
3. Do not perform this asana if you have tendonitis in the wrists.
4. Individuals who suffer serious spinal column ailments such as cervical and lumber
spondylitis should avoid the practise of this asana.

Hypertension

It means increased blood pressure. It has become a worldwide health problem because a great number of people
are facing the problem of hypertension throughout the world. Though, it is a fact that blood pressure increases
with the advancement of age. In yesteryears, hypertension used to be considered a middle-age problem but
nowadays, youngsters also suffer from this problem due to their faulty lifestyles.

1 Tadasana

Procedure: Stand up in attention position. Lift your arms upwards. Stretch your hands upwards. Raise
your heels, and come on your toes. Also pull up your body upwards. After some time breathe out
slowly and come to the previous position. Repeat the same exercise 10/15 times.
Benefits

1. It is helpful in developing physical and mental balance.

2. It reduces obesity.
3. It cures constipation.
4. It cures digestive problems.
5. It improves body posture.
6. It alleviates sciatica.
7. It is an excellent asana for those who want to enhance their height.
8. It is beneficial in treating hypertension.

Contraindications

1. If you have low blood pressure you should not practise this asana.
2. In case of headache or insomnia you should avoid the practise of this asana.
3. Individuals, who suffer from blood circulation problems such as faulty valves, should not perform
this asana.

2. Ardha Chakrasana

Procedure: Stand straight with both feet together. Hold your hips with your hands. Bend
backward without bending your knees with slow inhalation. Remain in this pose for some
time. Do it two to three times.

Benefits

1. It helps to make ankles, thigh, shoulders, chest, spine and abdomen strong.
2. It relieves stress and tension.
3. It improves digestion.
4. It cures menstrual disorders.
5. It cures pain in legs.
6. It reduces fat in the waist and thigh.
7. It helps to alleviate upper back pain.
8. It relieves stress in the neck and shoulders.

Contraindications

1. Avoid this asana in case of hip or spinal problems.

2. Avoid practising this asana if you have peptic ulcer and hernia.
3. Avoid performing this asana if you have migraine, headache, low blood pressure, diarrhoea and
insomnia.
4. Pregnant women should avoid doing this asana.

Back Pain
The pain which is felt in the back, usually originates from the bones, joint, muscles, nerves, etc. It may be in the
cervical, thoracic or lumber region. It may be spontaneous on can be chronic. It can be constant, affecting one region
or radiate to other parts such as arms, hips or legs. It may give a feeling of burning sensation. Sometimes numbness
may be felt in the legs or arms. The affected persons are not able to do their work smoothly and efficiently.
Back pain may result owing to bad personal health habits and personal risk factors such as overweight, lack of
physical activity or exercise, excessive smoking, lack of flexibility or undue stress on back.

1. Ardhmatsyandrasana

Procedure: The left heel is kept under the right thigh and right leg is crossed over
the left thigh. After that hold the right toe with left hand and turn your head and back
to the right side. In this position move the trunk sideways. Then perform the same
asana in the reverse position.

Benefits:

1. It keeps gall bladder and the prostate gland healthy.

2. It enhances the stretchability of back muscles.
3. It alleviates digestive ailments.
4. It regulates the secretion of adrenaline and bile and thus is recommended in yogic management of
diabetes.
5. It is also helpful in treating sinusitis, bronchitis, constipation, menstrual disorders, urinary tract
disorders and cervical spondylitis.

Contraindications

1. Women, who are two or three months pregnant should avoid practising this asana.
2. The individuals, who suffer from peptic ulcer, hernia or hypothyroidism, should practise this asana only
under expert guidance.
3. The individuals who have the problem of sciatica or slipped disc may benefit from this asana but they need
to take great care while doing this asana.

2. Shalabhasana

Procedure: In order to perform shalbhasana, lie down in prostrate position.

Spread the thigh backwards. Hold your fists and extend arms. Keep your fists
under the thigh and then raise your legs slowly as high as you can. For best
results hold this position for two or three minutes and then lower your legs
slowly. Repeat the same action for three to five times.

Benefits

1. It alleviates lower back pain.

2. It helps in removing constipation.
3. It improves posture.
4. It stimulates abdominal organs.
5. It helps in relieving stress.
6. It provides relief to persons who have mild sciatica and slip disc problem.
7. It strengthens the muscles of the spine, buttocks and back of the arms and legs.

Contraindications

1. People with a weak spine should avoid the practice of this asana.
2. The individuals with a weak heart, high blood pressure and coronary problems should avoid practising
this asana.
 Practical-3: Any one game of your choice out of the list above. Labelled
diagram of field & equipment (Rules, Terminologies & Skills).

(Write Any One Game of Your Choice)

* Basketball, Football,
Kabaddi, Kho-Kho,
Volleyball, Handball,
Hockey, Cricket, Bocce &
Unified Basketball [CWSN
(Children with Special
Needs - Divyang)]

ANY ONE GAME OF YOUR CHOICE HAS TO BE WRITTEN IN

PRACTICAL FILE.
 CRICKET
Cricket is one of the most popular and exciting sports in the modern world. The game of Cricket originated in
England. According to Wizdon (Bible of Cricket), Cricket was described for the first time in 1300 AD. Cricket was
played among England cowboys. It is proved by the diary of Edward First of England. According to him, Cricket
was played in Navendon of Kent during 1300 A.D. During that time, a hole dug in the ground was used instead of
wickets, and bowlers used to make the ball enter in that hole.

History of Cricket
The first cricket match was played in 1709 between the teams of London and Kent. The golden era of Cricket
emerged in 1760, when the first England Cricket Club, namely Hembuldon club, was formed. In 1787 MCC
(Melbourne Cricket Club) was constituted. The first test match was played in 1877 between Australia and England
in Melbourne. Australia won it. The imperial cricket conference was formed in 1909. It was changed to ICC in 1965.
First, a day match was played on January 5, 1971. Britishers are credited with introducing Cricket in India. In 1792
(Now Kolkata) Calcutta cricket club was formed. India played its first test match in 1932 against England. Cricket
World Cup was introduced in the year 1975 in England.

Measurements and specifications of equipment

Specifications Measurements
Number of players in Cricket team 11 + 5 (extra) 16
Number of umpires in a Cricket match 2 + 1 (Third umpire)
Weight of the Cricket ball 5 1/2 to 5 3/4 ounces (156 gm)
Circumference of Cricket ball 8 inches to 9 inch (22.4 cm to 22.9 cm)
Length of the Cricket bat 38 inch (96.5 cm)
The widest part of Cricket bat 4 1/4 inches (10.8 cm)
The breadth of pitch on both side from 4 feet 4-inch central wicket
Distance of stumps from one side to other 22 yards
Breadth of wickets 9 inches
Colour of ball White for night and red for day time
Number of scorers 2
Time to change the batsman 2 minutes
Time for changing every innings 10 minutes
Types of matches 20-20, one day, three days, five days
Height of wicket from ground 28 inches
Radius of small circle 27.4 m
Radius of boundary 68.58 m
General Rules

1. Players:
(i) Cricket is played among two teams and each team has 11 players.
(ii)Match is always started by toss and captain of each team announces the names of players before the toss.

2. Extra players:
An extra player can replace the nominated player in a game if the player gets ill or for some other reasons, but
with prior permission of umpire. Umpire may permit extra player to:

(i) Field if nominated gets injured.

(ii) Run if the batsman gets injured If a player leaves the ground to change his shoes or clothing, extra player
would not replace that player. Extra player can’t do batting, bowling or wicket keeping.

Other Rules

• Captain of batting team may declare the inning closed at any time during the match.
• 6 balls are bowled in an over. “No ball” and wide balls are not counted in an over.
• If a fielder catches the ball, before it hits the ground after a stroke, then the batsman will be out provided that
the fielder is inside the boundary line.
• Rule of three power play has been introduced to replace the field restrictions for 15 overs.
• If a player takes more than 2 minutes to reach the crease after a batsman is declared out, he will be declared as
out.
• A player who is found handling the ball will be declared out.
• Inner edge of the boundary line is considered as the end of boundary line.
Terminology

Column- 1 Column- 2 Column- 3

Bails rubber ashes
dead ball extra (sundries) wicket
fine leg square leg gully
mid-off mid-on mid-wicket
batsman bowler short leg
slip cover extra cover
third man googly off spin
leg spin flight in swing

Important tournaments

1. Irani Trophy (Ranji winner – Rest of India)

2. Ashes Cup (Australia – England Test series)
3. Dileep Trophy (Inter zonal tournament)
4. Devdhar Trophy (Limited over Inter zonal tournament)
5. Ranji Trophy (Inter zonal tournament)
6. Cooch Bihar Trophy (Inter zonal tournament for boys under 19 years)
7. C.K. Naidu Trophy
8. Vijay Merchant Trophy (Boys under 15 years)
9. Rani Jhansi Trophy (Inter zonal Tournament, women)
10. Indira Priyadarshini Trophy (One day, women)
11. ICC Trophy (One day)
12. Australian Cup (One day)
13. Champions Trophy (One day)
14. Sharjah Cup (One day)
15. World Cup Twenty-Twenty

Venues

Indian

Stadium City
Eden Garden Kolkata
Wankhede Stadium Mumbai
Nehru Stadium Indore
Firoz shah Kotla Delhi
P.C.A. Mohali
Green Park Kanpur
International

Stadium Country
Lords, Leads, Trent Bridge England
Malborne, Perth, Sydney Australia
Johannesburg, Durban South Africa
Kingston West Indies
Sinhali Sri Lanka

SPORTS AWARDEES

Arjuna Awardees

Year Awardee
2008 Gautam Gambhir
2009 Jhulan Goswami
2011 Zaheer Khan
2012 Yuvraj Singh
2013 Virat Kohli
2014 Ravichandran Ashwin
2015 Rohit Sharma
2016 Ajinkya Rahane
2017 Harmanpreet Kaur and Cheteshwar Pujara
2018 Smriti Mandhana
2019 Poonam Yadav and Ravindra Jadeja
2020 Deepti Sharma and Ishant Sharma
2021 Shikhar Dhawan

Padma shri Awardees

1. Mahendra Singh Dhoni

2. Virender Sehwag
3. Vangipurapu
4. Venkata Sai
5. V.V.S. Laxman
6. Jhulan Goswami
7. Ms Anjum Chopra, Yuvraj Singh
8. Virat Kohli
ssRajeev Gandhi Khel Ratan Award

1. Sachin Tendulkar (1997-1998)

2. M.S. Dhoni (2007-2008)
3. Virat Kohli (2017-2018)
4. Rohit Sharma (2019-2020)

Padma Bhushan Award

Year Awardee
1991 L Amarnath
1991 D.B. Deodhar
1991 Kapil Dev
2002 C.G. Bonte
2013 Rahul Dravid

Padma Vibhushan

2008 - Sachin Tendulkar

Bharat Ratan
2014 - Sachin Tendulkar