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    Life Sciences Gr.10 Lesson 23 Molecules For Life (Minerals)

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    Life Sciences Gr.10 Lesson 23 Molecules For Life (Minerals)

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    Life Sciences Gr.10 Lesson 23 Molecules for life (minerals)

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    1 views18 pages

    Life Sciences Gr.10 Lesson 23 Molecules For Life (Minerals)

    Uploaded by

    matodzijunior811

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Life Sciences

    Grade 10
    Topic: The chemistry of life
    Sub-topic: Molecules for life: Minerals
    Lesson 23
    Presenter: Ntombi Dladla
    MINERALS
    Remember all compounds are made up of elements.
     Elements are pure substances.
     Elements come together to form compounds.

     There are two types of compounds.


     These are organic and inorganic compounds.
    INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
     These are compounds that do not contain the element carbon 12.
    • Examples of inorganic compounds are water and carbon dioxide.
    MINERALS
    ❖ Many of the mineral salts occur in salt form. For example, the mineral sodium occurs in
    the form of common table salts, sodium chloride. Therefore, we speak of ‘mineral salts’
    instead of ‘minerals’

    ❖ Macro-nutrients - essential elements required by organisms in large quantities

    ❖ Micro- nutrients - essential elements required by organisms in small quantities

    ❖ Plants obtain minerals from the soil and fertilizers

    ❖ Animals obtain minerals from the food that they consume


    INORGANIC COMPOUNDS: MINERALS
     Minerals are inorganic substances that are required by living
    organisms.
     They are required by both plants and animals.
     Minerals can be put into two groups depending on the organisms
    needs.
     These two groups are:
    a) Micro-elements
    b) Macro-elements
    MINERALS: ELEMENTS
     Macro-elements are elements that are required in large quantities
    by living organisms.
     Micro-elements are elements that are required in small quantities
    by living organisms.
     A mineral maybe either a macro- or micro-element depending on
    the organisms needs.
     The table on the next slides discusses some of these minerals.
    FUNCTIONS AND DEFICIENCY OF SOME MINERALS
    FUNCTIONS AND DEFICIENCY OF SOME MINERALS
    FUNCTIONS AND DEFICIENCY OF SOME MINERALS
    LACK OF PHOSPHORUS AND IODINE IN HUMANS

    Rickets and Goiter


    FUNCTIONS AND DEFICIENCY OF SOME MINERALS
    SUMMARY OF THE MICRO AND MACRO ELEMENTS
    ACTIVITY 1
    Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the
    correct answer.

    1. A deficiency of this mineral results in Goiter:


    A. K B. I
    C. Ca D. N
    2. For a child to have good strong bones and teeth, his/her diet must be rich in the following
    minerals
    A. Ca and P
    B. N and I
    C. Fe and K
    D. Na and Mg
    ACTIVITY 1
    3. The element required for the formation of the pigment found in the red blood cell is…
    A. I B. K
    C. Fe D. P
    4. For a child to be free from rickets and kwashiorkor, his diet must be rich in…
    A. Ca and N B. K and P
    C. Ca and P D. N and K
    5. The mineral that is required for the middle lamella of cells and is used in the clotting of
    blood is…
    A. K
    B. I
    C. Ca
    D. N
    ACTIVITY 2
    The following table provides nutritional information that appears on a breakfast cereal box. It indicates
    the nutritional information per 100g portion. Study the information and answer the questions that follow.

    1. Identify FOUR organic compounds listed in the table above.


    ACTIVITY 2
    The following table provides nutritional information that appears on a breakfast cereal box. It indicates
    the nutritional information per 100g portion. Study the information and answer the questions that follow.

    2. Identify the substances listed in the table above that serve as macro-elements
    in animals and humans.
    3. Name the deficiency disease that occurs when a child’s diet lacks calcium and
    vitamin D. Also mention what happens when a child suffers from this disease.
    ACTIVITY 2
    The following table provides nutritional information that appears on a breakfast cereal box. It indicates
    the nutritional information per 100g portion. Study the information and answer the questions that follow.

    3 a) Name the micro-element in the table that plays an important role in the
    formation of haemoglobin.
    b) Name the deficiency disease that will occur if the above-mentioned element is
    not present in the blood.
    (a) Iron✓
    (b) Anaemia✓

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