IVECO HARDENING AND TEMPERING STEELS

15–2506
Standard Carbon steelsC 30 - C 40 Page 1/7
PROCUREMENT
Date 04.04.2008
SPECIFICATION
All rights reserved. This standard must not be reproduced or in any way utilized by other parties without the written consent of IVECO.

Supervisor: G. Passalacqua – P. P. & Innovation – Testing – telefono (0039) 011.00.75792

Manager: R. Cimento – P. P. & Innovation Testing – telefono (0039) 011.00.75267

1 IN GENERAL

1.1 Steel types

Carbon steels for hardening and tempering.

NOTE: See point 4.3 and FIAT Standard 52126 for lead steels.

1.2 Uses

Suitable for average stressed small–size parts (8 – 16 mm diameter) and medium–size parts (16
– 40 mm diameter) at the hardened and tempered state.
Suitable for over–sized parts or not significant pressed parts at other states.
Examples of application: linkage, sleeves, etc...

1.3 Correspondences with other norms and standards

In case of dispute the only valid reference is the original italian edition.

The following correspondences are GIVEN AS INFORMATION. Contact IVECO Laboratories for
authorization for substitution.

UNI 7845 EURONORM DIN 17200 NF - AFNOR BS 970 SAE

C 30 - 1030
C 40 - CK 40 XC 38 080 M40 1040
HANDLING ON INTERLEAF

Edition Date Description of modifications Group

1 14.03.1986
2 12.06.1987 Paragraph 4.1 has been deleted, paragraphs 4.8.1, 5 and 6 have been
modified.
3 03.05.1989 Paragraph 4.7.1.: item “Hardened and Tempered” completed.
Standards quoted modified.
4 11.11.1994 Tensile stress and Hardness values due to Hardening and Tempering
modified. TMD
Added: paragraphs 4.5, 4.7, 4.9.1 and NOTE to paragraph 4.8.
Modified: paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 4.1, 4.3, 4.4, 4.8 and 4.9.2.
“Material Code” at Standard beginning deleted.
5 21.05.1997 Revised.
6 04.04.2008 Added Supervisor and Manager
ANY HARD COPY IN YOUR POSSE SSION SHOULD BE CONSIDERED NOT UP–TO–DATE SEE RELEVANT WEB SITE FOR UP–TO–DATE DOCUMENT

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IVECO S t a n d a r d 15–2506
Date 04.04.2008

2 CHARACTERISTICS

In addition to the following characteristics, general requirements contained FIAT Standard 9.50230
stand valid.

2.1 Chemical composition

2.1.1 Casting % analysis

Steel C Mn Si Cu S P max Al (tot.)

C 30 0.27 – 0.34 0.50 – 0.80 0.15 – 0.35
0.30* 0.020 – 0.040 0.035 0.020 – 0.050
C 40 0.37 – 0.44 0.50 – 0.90 0.15 – 0.35
0.30* 0.020 – 0.040 0.035 0.020 – 0.050

(*)
0.20 for components obtained through total or partial cold deformation.

2.1.2 Analysis on the product

The deviations laid down in IVECO STD. 15–2120 are valid, with respect to the limit values shown
in paragraph 2.1.1.

2.2 Tensile stress and impact strength on hardened and tempered test piece

Characteristics are measured on a test piece obtained from a sample with a 16 mm diameter
complying with the requirements in IVECO STD. 15–0225 and subjected to the following heat
treatment:
– Hardening : Heating at 860 ± 10 °C, for C30 and at 840 ± 10 °C for C40, maintained at that tem
perature for ≥ 30 min, water cooling;
– Tempering : Heating at 600 ± 20 °C, maintained at that temperature for ≥ 1 h cooling in still air.

Tensile Stress (I.S. 15-0113) Impact

p strength
g
R Rp 0.2 min A min ( S 15-0130
(I.S.
Steel
KU min.)
(N/mm2) (N/mm2) (%) (J)
C 30 640 - 790 440 17 60
C 40 700 - 840 490 15 45

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IVECO S t a n d a r d 15–2506
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2.3 Hardenability

Jominy test must be carried out according to FIAT Standard 50201.

Hardening temperature 860 ± 5 °C for C30 and 840 ± 5 °C for C40.
Rockwell hardness C values must be included within the limits shown in the following table.

C 30 C 40
Distance
Di t (HRC) (HRC)
mm

HRC Hardness
min. max. min. max.
1.5 - - - -
3 - - - -
5 20 35 28 38
7 - - - -
9 - - - -
11 - - - -
13 13 24 22.5 31
15 - - - -
20 10 21 20 28
25 9 20 19 26

Distance from hardened end (mm)

2.4 Austenitic grain size

Must be 5 – 8 according to UNI 3245–72 M.Q.E.

2.5 Non–metallic inclusions

Must be ≤ 3 JK scale according to UNI 3244–66.

2.6 On non–finished and semi–finished product

2.6.1 Hardness

BRINELL HARDNESS HB (I.S. 15–0106)

MATERIAL STATE
C 30 C 40

Hot formed or rough–rolled 139 - 215 155 – 232

Annealed 200 215

Spheroidized 155 179

Isothermally annealed 139 - 164 155 - 180

Normalized 139 – 200 160 – 215

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IVECO S t a n d a r d 15–2506
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2.6.2 Structure
– Annealed :
Ferrite and pearlite which tends to become globular;
– Spheroidized :
At least 70% globularized ferrite and pearlite;
– Isothermally annealed : Compact lamellar ferrite and pearlite;
– Normalized :
Ferrite and excessively stratified pearlite;
– Hardened and tempered : Bainite and sorbite (for oil quenched parts, the
presence of compact pearlite surrounded by ferrite is admitted);

2.7 Mechanical characteristics

DIAMETER
TENSILE STRESS IMPACT CORE SURFACE
OR
I.S. 15–0113  STRENGTH HARDNESS HARDNESS
SMALLER
  
STEEL MATERIAL S
STATE SECTION
R Rp 0.2 A I.S. 15-0130 I.S. 15-0106 I.S. 15-0106
DIMENSION
min. min. KU min. (HB) (HB)

(N/mm2) (N/mm2) (%) (J)
(mm)
Hot formed or rough–rolled 490 – 740 275 - 139 – 215
Annealed - - -
200
Spheroidized - - -
155
All - -
Isothermically
490 – 590 275 - 139 – 164
annealed
Normalized 490 – 690 275 21 139 – 200
C 30

12 660 – 780 460 16 60 185

Hardened and tempered
>12 – 16 640 – 790 440 17 60 181 185 – 230
 
>16 – 40 590 – 740 370 19 55 164

6 700 – 840 550 17 60
Obtained from hardened and
>6 – 8 640 – 790 440 17 60 - 202 – 248
tempered pipe
>8– 20 590 – 740 370 19 55
Hot formed or rough–rolled 550 – 790 345 - 155 – 232
Annealed - - -
215
Spheroidized - - -
179
All - -
Isothermically
550 – 640 345 - 155 – 180
C 40

annealed
Normalized 570 – 740 345 18 160 – 215

12 725 – 870 510 14 45 210
Hardened and tempered
>12 – 16 700 – 840 490 15 45 202 210 – 250

>16 – 40 640 – 790 420 17 40 181

Wall thickness for pipes.

 On test piece cut along the axis for ≤ 25 mm dimensions, or at 12.5 mm from the surface for bigger dimen–
sions; for pipes on test pieces obtained according to IVECO STD. 15–0240.
 For dimensions up to 25 mm, hardness must be measured in the centre; for diameters exceeding 25 mm it
must be measured at 12.5 mm from the surface.
 Measured at any point of the not induction–hardened surface. For safety items with a complex shape, prefe–
rably point out the area on which hardness is measured in the drawing; for these components, in agreement
with IVECO Laboratory, a smaller range of hardness may be required.
 Hardening and tempering, must usually be carried out after stamping or removal of chips.
When a safety item must be obtained from a hardened and tempered bar, and when its minimum thickness
must be much smaller than the bar, it is necessary to ask for the approval of the IVECO Laboratory, as the
mechanical specifications might be lower than those which would be obtained if the component were harde–
ned and tempered after forming.
 For bars with > 12 – 16 mm diameter, obtained from rolled hardened and tempered wire rod, which is subse-
quently gauged, values of A ≥ 15% and KU ≥ 50 J are allowed on the items obtained from such bars.

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IVECO S t a n d a r d 15–2506
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2.8 Physical, chemical and technological characteristics

2.8.1 Physical characteristics (indicative values)

Volume mass at 20 °C : 7.8 kg/dm3

Modulus of elasticity : longitudinal (E) : 210.000 N/mm2

transverse (G) : 81.000 N/mm2

Coefficient of linear thermal expansion 20  100 °C : 11.2 · 10–6 k–1

Coefficient of thermal conduction at 100 °C : 42.7 kW/mK

2.8.2 Chemical and technological characteristics (indicative values)

For evaluating these characteristics the following classification is adopted: Excellent, good,
sufficient, mediocre, insufficient, bad.

MATERIAL STATE MATERIAL STATE

CHARACTE– Annealed Hardened CHARACTE– Annealed Hardened
RISTICS Normalized and Tempered RISTICS Normalized and Tempered
C 30 C 40 C 30 C40 C 30 C 40 C 30 C 40
Heat Corrosion Insuffi- Insuffi- Insuffi- Insuffi-
Excellent Excellent – –
formability strength cient cient cient cient
Cold Core
Sufficient Sufficient – – Sufficient Sufficient Good Good
formability toughness
Depth of
Weldability Sufficient Mediocre Sufficient Mediocre Sufficient Sufficient Sufficient Sufficient
hardening
Indeformabi–
Machinability lity (for
Good Good Good Good Sufficient Sufficient Sufficient Sufficient
with tools harde–ning
effect)

3 TRANSFORMATION

Temperatures and other conditions ARE GIVEN AS A GUIDE ONLY. They have to be chosen so
as to obtain required characteristics.

Forging and stamping - 1100 – 850 °C

Annealing : Heating at 650 – 700 °C, maintained at that temperature for at

least 1 hour, cooling down in furnace to 550 °C (25 °C/h), air cool
ing;

Spheroidizing : Heating at temperatures oscillating between 710 and 740 °C,

maintained at that temperature for 20 – 30 min for each centimeter
of thickness, still air cooling;

Isothermal annealing : Heating at 890 – 920 °C, maintained at that temperature for 20
– 30 min for each centimeter of thickness, stabilization at 620 – 660
°C until a complete transformation is obtained, still air cooling;

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IVECO S t a n d a r d 15–2506
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Normalization : Heating at 860 – 890 °C, for C30 and 840 – 870 °C for C40, main
tained at that temperature for 20 – 30 min for each centimeter of
thickness, still air cooling followed by possible tempering (for C30
only);

Hardening and tempering

– Hardening : C30 steel: Heating at 850 – 870 °C, maintained at that
temperature for approx. 1 hour, air cooling;
C40 steel: Heating at 830 – 850 °C, maintained at that
temperature for approx.
1 hour, water cooling. When items have sharp edges or when
distortion must be reduced to a minimum to prevent possible
cracks, follow these directions:
heating at 840 – 860 °C, maintained at that temperature for
approx. 1 hour, oil quenching.
– Tempering: Heating at 550 – 650 °C, maintained at that temperature for 2 –
3 hours, still air cooling;

4 INFORMATION ON DRAWING AND MATERIAL CODE NUMBER

4.1 Conditions of finished items and relevant information

Hot formed or rough–rolled C 30 or C 40 LMTC or STP

Annealed C 30 or C 40 RCT
Spheroidized C 30 or C 40 RCT/GLOB
Isothermally annealed C 30 or C 40 RCT/ISOT
Normalized C 30 or C 40 NORM
Hardened and tempered C 30 or C 40 BON
Obtained from pipe and hardened and C 30 TUBO BON
tempered

NOTE: If required, the shape and/or method for obtaining the semifinished items can be shown on
drawing (e.g.: ROUND, STP, etc.)

4.2 Example of information on drawing

MATERIAL IVECO STD. MATERIAL CODE

C 30 STP BON 15-2506 21004

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IVECO S t a n d a r d 15–2506
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4.3 MATERIAL CODE NUMBER

MATERIAL MATERIAL CODE NUMBER

C 30 21004
C 30 Pb 21046
C 40 21005
C 40 Pb 21020

STANDARDS QUOTED:

IVECO STD.: 15-0106, 15-0113, 15-0130, 15-0225, 15-0240, 15-2120

FIAT : 50201, 52126, 9.50230

UNI: 3244-66, 3245-72

 Quoted FIAT and ELTRAC standards are being gradually converted into the corresponding IVECO
STANDARD.
Users of this document shall therefore check on the TAS system for the new issued IVECO
STANDARDS quoting the source FIAT STANDARD and any modifications/integrations.

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