FACTORS OF ABSENTEEISM AMONG JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

AT SANTA FE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

CHAPTER I

Introduction

Absenteeism refers to the frequent absence from classes without any valid reason. In spite

of the compulsory attendance rule, individual students, parents, the institute, and society suffer

when students do not attend classes. Student absenteeism results in inadequate learning and poor

academic performance. Despite the strict rules, absenteeism is an ongoing problem and a

phenomenon that is also on the rise.

Direct and indirect costs of absenteeism are extremely high to the individuals, schools,

families and communities. Absenteeism in school have a negative effect to students learning,

experience and academic achievements. Absenteeism reduces the success because student miss

their education time. This also results in loss of other student’s time since teachers must use

additional time to compensate, which leads to lost teaching time for all students (Rood, 1989;

William, 2001; Eastman, Cooney, O’Connor & Small, 2007). This effect is observed

significantly more in progressive interconnected courses such as mathematics. Students who

miss certain classes have difficulty learning other subjects and forced to expend more effort.

When students fall behind in there, they lose interest and fail (Pehlivan, 2006). In addition,

students feel an increasing sense of alienation toward their classmate, teachers and their school

(Lannegrand-William Cosnefroy, & Leuigne, 2012). Also absent can set a bad example and

encourage absenteeism among other students (Pehlivan, 2006).

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 Although there are many factors which effect on students’ performance either related to

personal life or educational setting but the effects of absenteeism on students’ performance is

more prone to discuss. Indicator is defined as “A thing that indicates the position or level of

something.’’ (Oxford dictionary). Indicators of poor performance low GPA, poor class

participation, poor coordination among students. Regular attendance fulfills several important

goals of higher education. It encourages the students to organize their thinking by comparing

new ideas. It plays an important role in enhancing student performance because it helps the

student to submit assignment on time, enhance collaboration among student, increase the test

score of the student, improve the student GPA, increase the student confidence, increase their

understanding of basic concepts, easily understand every point, student achieve greater

understanding and improve coordination with teachers and peers. These problems can be

overcome by improving the attendance and reducing the absenteeism.

Absenteeism is not only an indicator of low academic achievement but also a strong

indicator of diminished social and life success (Williams,2010). Absenteeism makes it difficult

to create a solid foundation in terms of discipline and sense of responsibility. Therefore, it leads

to problem in work and discipline habits in future work life (Pehlivan,2006). This leads to

potential consequences, such as unemployment or low income and inability to work at a regular

job (Eastman et.al;2007; Gentle-genitty,2008). Moreover, as absenteeism increases, students are

inclined to experience psychological problems such as depression or behavioral disorders. They

may also exhibit behavioral patterns such as becoming involved in violence inside and outside of

the school, teenage pregnancy, quitting school and acquiring harmful habits (Gottfried,2009;

Eastman et. al; 2009 Gentle - Genitty,2008; Jeter,2011; Casserly, Carpenter and Italcon, 2001).

In other words, absenteeism for young people in considered as a predictor of academic failure

2
and leads to many other risk factors. If no measures are taken, absenteeism may be the beginning

of a process ranging from academic failure to dropping out of school.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Demographic profile of the Factors of Absenteeism

respondents:
*Family Problem
*Grade and Section
*Laziness
*Gender
*Financial Problem
*Age
*Physical Health
*Occupation of parent
*Bullying
*Transportation
*Faculty

The table above contains the Independent and Dependent variables; the left one is the

Independent Variable where in you can see the demographic profile of the respondents and the

right side was the Dependent variable where in the factors that affect the absenteeism of the

respondents.

Figure 1

3
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the factors of absenteeism among Junior

High School Students of Santa Fe National High School.

1. What are the Demographic Profile of the respondents in terms of:

a. Gender

b. Age

c. Occupation of Parents

2.What are the factors of absenteeism among Junior High School?

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

This study aims to determine the factors of absenteeism among Junior High School

Students of Santa Fe National High School.

1. This study aims to Determine the Demographic Profile of the respondents in terms of Grade

Level, Section, Gender, Age, Address, and Occupation of Parents.

2. Determine the factors of absenteeism among Junior High School.

4
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

There are different factors that could affect the attendance of the grade 10 students

through this study, an intervention program would be proposes in order to provide the following

benefits to:

STUDENTS. Through this study, students will become aware of the possible outcomes if they

still skip classes.

TEACHERS. This study will give them the knowledge about the students’ absences and have

the idea of their reasons. And be able to help them cope up and advice their students to lessen

their absences.

PARENTS. The parent is the direct and mainline in communication in relation to their child’s

absenteeism. Knowing the factors of absenteeism, a parent will be at the concern to pursue their

children and protect them.

ADMINISTRATORS. To the School Administrators Together with the principal, they will

support the teacher given by the researchers. The administration might be able arrive a possible

solution which can be applicable.

FUTURE RESEARCHERS. They will use this study as their reference soon. This study may

inspire them to know more about absenteeism.

5
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

This research will be conduct to find out the reasons and factors of absenteeism and to

their future career in Santa Fe National High School. The researcher is going to get 20% of

junior high school to answer the questionnaires. Results and Observation will be based on the

responses of the chosen population and focused on the general objectives of the research.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

ABSENTEEISM. It is the routine or deliberate absence from school. While every student

occasionally misses certain school activities, absences become problematic when the student is

away from school for many days.

FACTORS OF ABSENTEEISM. These are the distinct reason of getting absent in the class.

FAMILY PROBLEM. When conflict between or related to family members becomes especially

intense or frequent, to the point that it interrupts your day-to-day life.

LAZINESS. A person’s reluctance to perform a chore or an exercise despite having the ability to

actually do it.

BULLYING. A going and deliberate misuse of power in relationships through repeated verbal,

physical and social behavior that intends to cause physical, social and psychological harm.

TRANSPORTATION. Is any of the different kinds of transport facilities used for moving

goods and people from one location to the other.

6
FACULTY. The teaching and administrative staff and those members of the administration.

CHAPTER II

RELATED LITERATURE REVIEW

Absenteeism is the habit of staying away from school without providing a genuine or

any reasons for not attending classes. In the context of school, it is the habitual or international

failure to attend school. While every student may miss some school activities now and then,

absence becomes a problem when the student is away from school for many days. The less they

will learn and it will negatively affect the attendance of school.

Keter (2015) states that there are common cause of absenteeism. Phobic adolescene,

lack of interest, teacher approach, disorder entertainment and school infrastructural facilities.

Kenton, W. (2019) explain absenteeism in his work, absenteeism refers to a person is not

visible in school. Students who do not come to school due to any reason is called absenteeism.

Mostly, students do not attend school due to the fear of harassment, mental sickness, injuries and

low interest in studies. Absenteeism is the broad term in the field of education.

Absenteeism is complex problem that is influence by many factors involving the child,

parents, family, peers, school, and the community. In order to understand the impact absenteeism

has on our children, one most look at the problem with a social, psychological, economic, and

political perspective. Within this literature review, the term “absenteeism” is defined. Research

and data concerning the scope of absenteeism is explored. Additionally, the research in this

literature review will reflect data on the disproportionality between absenteeism in the special

education population in comparison to non-disabled peers.

7
 “Absenteeism in school is a community, city, district, state, and nations problem.”

(Mahony, 2015) Absenteeism has bought short- and long-term consequences on student

achievement. School attendance for all student is critical. Students who are not engaged in school

miss instruction and a risk of dropping out of school.

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 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH DESIGN

This study will use a qualitative and quantitative research to determine the major

factors of absenteeism in school. The responses of the students towards the questions in the

questionnaires will be evaluated.

RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY

This study will include 20% of junior high where 188 students are the total of that

20% which consist of 47 students per curriculum of junior high at Santa Fe National High

School.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS

In conducting the research, researchers will use survey questionnaires. The

questionnaire is adapted from the study of Murcia L (2010, November 1115). The researchers

edit or revise, change and add some on it to ensure that the questionnaires are align with the

9
objective and concentration of the study. The questionnaires will be divided into two parts which

are the part one and part two.

Part one consists the demographic profile. The part two consist the factors of

absenteeism, which divided into seven section which are the following;

Section A-Family Problem, Section B-Physical Health, Section C-Financial Problem, Section D-

Laziness, Section E-Bullying, Section F-Transportation, and Section G-Faculty

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

In conducting this research, the researchers will ask permission to the teachers and

those selected students who will answer the survey, then when they agree we will conduct a little

orientation on the respondents about the study. After orientation, the questionnaires will be

distributed accordingly to the students. Then when the selected students are done answering the

questionnaires, the researchers will collect the data for the tallying the scores and to apply the

statistical treatment that will be use with the study.

STATISTICAL TOOLS

This study will use mixed method that employs the use of table to help the

researchers in the calculation which is getting the percentage and a brief interpretation.

Researchers will use this method to know the students about the factors of absenteeism in Junior

High School.

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 CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This section shows the findings from the data analysis and interpretation of the

information collected from the respondents. Data were collected through the use of

questionnaires that were distributed by the researcher. The questionnaires have two major parts:

part one consists of the demographic profile, and part two consists of the factors of absenteeism

that have sections A to G: section A: family problems; section B: physical health; section C:

financial problems; section D: laziness; section E: bullying; section F: transportation; and section

G: faculty. The researchers use the scale Yes and No.

Problem 1. What is the Demographic Profile of the respondents in terms of: Gender, Age,

and Occupation of Parents.

Table 1. The distribution of respondents by Gender.

Gender n Percentage

Female 110 58.51%

Male 78 41.49%

Total 188 100%

Above shows the gender of the respondents. The total respondents are 188. There

are 110 females with a percentage of 58.51% and 78 males with a percentage of 41.49%. It

means that more of the respondents are females and less are males.

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 Table 2. The distribution of respondents by Age.

Age n Percentage

12 17 9.04%

13 48 25.53%

14 48 25.53%

15 49 26.06%

16 24 12.77%

17 2 1.06%

Total 188 100%

Above shows the age of the respondents. There are 17 respondents or 9.04% for the

age of 12 years old, 48 respondents or 25.53% for the age of 13 and 14 years old, 49 respondents

or 26.06% for the age of 15, 24 respondents or 12.77% for the age of 16 years old, 2 respondents

or 1.06% for the age of 17 years old.

Table 3. The distribution of respondents by Parents Occupation.

Occupation Frequency Percentage

OFW 21 11.17%

Farmers 75 39.89%

Drivers 13 6.91%

House wife or Husband 22 11.70%

Teachers 9 4.79%

12
 Business man or woman 16 8.51%

LGU workers 7 3.72%

Others 25 13.30%

Total 188 100%

Above shows the parents occupation of the respondents. There are 21 respondents

or 11.17% for OFW, 75 respondents or 39.89% for farmers, 13 respondents or 6.91% for drivers,

22 respondents or 11.70% for House wife or Husband, 9 respondents or 4,79% for Teachers, 16

respondents or 8.51% for Business man or woman, 7 respondents or 3.72% for LGU workers, 25

respondents or 13.30% for others involve are the following parent occupations.

Problem 2. What are the factors of absenteeism among Junior High School?

Table 4. Gender

Gender YES NO

n Percentage Percentage

Female 110 17.769% 82.149%

Male 78 24.126% 75.097%

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 The table above shows the findings for Female 645(17.769%) respond for the scale

of Yes, 2982(82.149%) respond for the scale of No. For male 621(24.126%) respond for the

scale of Yes, 1933(75.097%) respond for the scale of No.

The table tells that the scale of No has the highest respond and most of that respondents

are the female, which means that many of the female respondents are absenting for many reasons

like family problems, physical health, financial problem, bullying, transportation, and faculty in

terms of gender.

Table 2.2. Age

Age

n Percentage Percentage

12 years old 17 29.412% 70.588%

13 years old 49 19.508% 50%

14 years old 48 13.131% 86.869%

15 years old 44 23.067% 76.933%

16 years old 27 19.318% 80.808%

17 years old 2 25.758% 74.242%

The table shows the findings for 12 years old 165(29.412%), 13 years old

309(19.508%), 14 years old 208(13.131%), 15 years old 373(23.067%), 16 years old

153(19.318%), 17 years old 17(25.758%) for the scale of Yes. Findings for 12 years old

14
369(70.588%), 13 years old 792(50%), 14 years old 1376(86.869%), 15 years old

1244(76.933%), 16 years old 640(80.808%), 17 years old 49(74.242%), for the scale of No.

The table shows that 13 years old has the highest number of respondents with the

total of 49 respondents, among the respondents 15 years old got the highest respond for the scale

of YES with the total of 373 (23.067%), and 14 years old got the highest respond for the scale of

NO with the total of 1376 (86.869%).

Table 2.3. Parents Occupation

Occupation YES NO

n Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage

OFW 21 95 13.709% 598 86.291%

Farmers 75 633 25.576% 1842 74.424%

Drivers 13 111 25.874% 318 74.126%

House wife or 22 112 15.4275 614 84.573%

Husband

Teachers 9 43 14.478% 254 85.522%

Business man or 16 96 18.182% 432 81.818%

woman

LGU workers 7 38 16.450% 193 83.55%

Others 25 132 16% 693 84%

The table show the findings that OFW got 95(13.709%) for the scale of YES and

598(86.291%) for the scale of NO. Farmers got 633(25.576%) for the scale of YES and

1842(74.424%) for the scale of NO. Drivers got 111(25.874%) for the scale of YES and

15
318(74.126%) for the scale of NO. House wife or Husband 112(15.4275%) for the scale of YES

and 614(84.573%) for the scale of NO. Teachers got 43(14.478%) for the scale of YES and

254(85.522%) for the scale of NO. Business man or woman got 96(18.182%) for the scale of

YES and 432(81.818%) for the scale of NO. LGU workers got 38(16.450%) for the scale of YES

and 193(83.55%) for the scale of NO. Others got 132(16%) for the scale of YES and 693(84%)

for the scale of NO.

The table shows the findings that 38 frequency (16.450%) LGU workers got the

least respond and 633 frequency (25.576%) farmers got the highest respond for the scale of yes.

LGU workers 193 frequency (83.55%) have least respond and farmers 1842 frequency

(74.424%) have the highest respond for the Scale of no.

C. Factors of absenteeism

Table 3.1. Family Problem

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 Statement YES NO

Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage

1. I am absent because my

parents quarreled. 14 7.45% 174 92.55%

2. I am absent because I am

pre-occupied with house hold 16 8.51% 172 91.49%

chores

3. I am absent because my

parents scolded me. 9 4.79% 179 95.21%

4. I am absent because my

siblings and I quarreled. 10 5.32% 178 94.68%

5. I am absent because my

parents told me to take care 29 15.43% 159 84.57%

my siblings.

From the table above, it shows the findings that statement number 1 have

14(7.45%), statement number 2 16(8.51%), statement number 3 9(4.79%), statement number 4

10(5.32%), statement number 5 29(15.43%) for the scale of yes. For the scale of no, statement

number 1 have 174(92.55%), statement number 2 172(91.49%), statement number 3

179(95.21%), statement number 4 178(94.68%), statement number 5 159(84.57%).

17
Table 3.2. Physical Health

Statement YES No

Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage

1. I am absent because of

headache. 97 51.60% 91 48.40%

2. I am absent because of

toothache. 64 34.04% 124 65.96%

3. I am absent because of

stomachache. 72 38.30% 116 61.70%

4. I am absent because of

body pain. 83 44.15% 105 55.85%

5. I am absent because of

menstruation. 30 15.96% 158 84.04%

The table above shows the findings that statement number 1 have 97(51.60%),

statement number 2 64(34.04%), statement number 3 72(38.30%), statement number 4

83(44.15%), statement number 5 30(15.96%) for the scale of yes. For the scale of no, statement

number 1 have 91(48.40%), statement number 2 124(65.96%), statement number 3 116(61.70%),

statement number 4 105(55.85%), statement number 5 158(84.04%).

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Table 3.3. Financial Problem

Statement YES NO

Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage

1. My parents/guardian do not

have a stable job/loss their 36 19.15% 152 80.85%

job.

2. I don’t have parents in

providing my financial needs 12 6.38% 176 93.62%

in school.

3. I am a working student. 32 17.02% 156 82.98%

4. I am absent because I help

my parents in their work. 33 17.55% 155 82.45%

5. I am absent because I don’t

have money for my lunch and 14 7.45% 174 92.55%

snack break.

The table above shows the findings that statement number 1 have 36(19.15%),

statement number 2 12(6.38%), statement number 3 32(17.02%), statement number 4 33(7.55%),

19
statement number 5 14(7.45%) for the scale of yes. For the scale of no, statement number 1 have

152(80.85%), statement number 2 176(93.62%), statement number 3 156(82.98%), statement

number 4 155(82.455%), statement number 5 174(92.55%).

Table 3.4. Laziness

Statement YES NO

Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage

1. I feel lazy. 43 22.87% 145 77.13%

2. I am not interested in my

studies. 15 7.98% 173 92.02%

3. I am a loner. 34 18.09% 154 81.91%

4. some lessons are boring. 59 31.38% 129 68.62%

5. I prefer playing my phone. 33 17.55% 155 82.45%

The table above shows the findings that statement number 1 have 43(22.87%),

statement number 2 15(7.98%), statement number 3 34(18.09%), statement number 4 59

(31.38%), statement number 5 33(17.55%) for the scale of yes. For the scale of no, statement

number 1 have 145(77.13%), statement number 2 173(92.02%), statement number 3

154(81.91%), statement number 4 129(68.62%), statement number 5 155(82.45%).

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Table 3.5. Bullying

Statement YES NO

Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage

1. I experience physical

harassment. 32 17.02% 156 82.98%

2. I experience verbal

bullying from school. 61 32.45% 127 67.55%

3. I experience cyberbullying. 37 19.68% 151 80.32%

4. I experience social

bullying. 36 19.15% 152 80.85%

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 5. I experience emotional

bullying. 57 30.32% 131 69.68%

The table above shows the finding that the statement number 1 have 32(17.02%),

statement number 2 61(32.45%), statement number 3 37(19.68%), statement number 4

36(19.15%), statement number 5 57(30.32%) for the scale of yes. For the scale of no, statement

number 1 156(82.98%), statement number 2 127(67.55%), statement number 3 151(80.32%),

statement number 4 152(80.85%), statement number 5 131(69.68%).

Table 3.6. Transportation

Statement YES No

Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage

1. Our house is far from

school. 109 57.98% 79 42.02%

2. The transportation fee is

too expensive.

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 45 23.94% 143 76.06%

3. I am absent because I don’t

have money to pay my 16 8.51% 172 91.49%

fare(pamasahe)

The table above shows the finding that the statement number 1 have 109(57.98%),

statement number 2 45(23.94%), statement number 3 16(8.51%) for the scale of yes. For the

scale of no, statement number 1 have 79(42.02%), statement number 2 143(76.06%), statement

number 3 172(91.49%).

Table 3.7. Faculty

Statement YES NO

Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage

1. My teacher scolded

me/angry. 22 11.70% 166 88.30%

2. I am absent because the

teacher is not approachable. 9 4.79% 179 42.02%

3. I don’t understand the

lesson taught by the teacher. 25 13.30% 163 86.70%

4. The teacher is strict. 46 24.47% 142 75.53%

5. The strategies of the

23
 teachers is boring. 16 8.51% 172 91.49%

The table above shows the finding that the statement number 1 have 22(11.70%),

statement number 2 9(4.79%), statement number 3 25(13.30%), statement number 4 46(24.47%),

statement number 5 16(8.51%) for the scale of yes. For the scale of no, statement number 1 have

166(88.30%), statement number 2 179(42.02%) statement number 3 163(86.70%), statement

number 4 142(75.53%) statement number 5 172(91.49%).

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECCOMENDATION

SUMMARY

This study conducted to identify the factors of absenteeism among the junior high

school. Absenteeism can cause low performance of student in school. The objective of this study

is to determine the factors of absenteeism from the following; family problem, laziness, financial

problem, physical health, bullying, transportation, faculty. This study used a qualitative and

quantitative research to determine the major factor of absenteeism in school.

This study will include 20% of junior high where 188 students are the total of that

20% which consist of 47 students per curriculum of junior high at Santa Fe National High

School. The researchers use survey questionnaire. Adapted from the study of Murcia L (2010,

November 1115). In conducting this research, the researchers will ask permission to the teachers

and those selected students who will answer the survey, then when they agree we will conduct a

24
little orientation on the respondents about the study and the researchers distribute the

questionnaire. This study will use mixed method that employs the use of table to help the

researchers in the calculation which is getting the percentage and a brief interpretation.

There are 188 students which consist of 47 students per curriculum of junior high

school. This study uses survey questionnaire and the questionnaire is adapted from the study of

Murcia L. (2010, November). The researchers distribute the survey questionnaire through face-

to-face to the respondent to gather data. To get the results the researchers using frequency and

percentage

In demographic profile which is there are 58.51% or 110 female respondent and

41.49% for male respondents. There are also 51.06% of age 13 and 14 which is 96 out of 188

and 49 respondents or 26.06% for the age of 15. The researcher’s findings about the majority

occupation of the parents is farmers which is 39.89% or 75 respondents out of 188 respondents.

The responds from the students in terms of demographic profile. The result that

came out in terms of age 1,376 (86.869%) of 14 years old which is majority answering no. In

terms of gender the researcher findings were 2,982 (82.149) of female which is majority in

answering no. The findings in parent’s occupation majority is farmers which is 1,842 (74.424%)

respondent answered no.

The researcher’s findings about the major factors of absenteeism that can cause

absenteeism. Each factors of absenteeism have 5 statements except the transportation which is

have 3 statements that can be answered Yes or No. In the factor of absenteeism in category

25
family problem, 862(91.7%) of respondents answered No, while who answered yes has 78(8.3%)

of respondents. In category physical health, 594(63.19%) answered NO which is majority, while

who answered YES is 346(36.81%) of respondents, which means there are few students absent

because they are sick. In category financial problem 813(87.49%) of respondents answered NO,

so that means many of students has a financial problem. While who answered YES is

127(13.51%) of respondents. In category laziness 756(80.426%) of respondents answered NO

which is majority, not just like in YES it has 184(19.574%) of respondents choose it. In category

bullying the respondent choose NO with the total of 717(76.276%) respondent, and the others

answered YES with the total of 223(23.724%) of respondents. In category transportation there

are170 (30.14%) of respondent saying yes, but in statement of number 1vwas majority, it means

that most of them far from the school and its har to commute. In category faculty the majority is

NO with total of 822(76.808%) of respondents, while the others answered YES with total of

118(62.77%) of respondents.

CONCLUSION

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 This research is about factors contributing to absenteeism. Absenteeism is the habit

of being absent from duty or obligation without a strong reason. In general, absenteeism is

unplanned.

Based on the data result, there are many students who are not habitual absentees. According to

the results that the researcher has gotten, there are some problems with absenteeism that the

researcher has found, the cause of absenteeism is sourced from physical health and the cause of

absenteeism is sourced from transportation. The problem of absenteeism is caused by

transportation and physical health. From data collected, the researcher analyzed that the students

who were absent in the class were late in class and it was far from their house. Which is hard to

commute from their house. The researchers also find out that a few students are absent because

they are some experiencing different type of bullying.

RECOMMENDATION

After the researchers find out the conclusion of the study, they recommend that;

School administrator. Must provide a school bus or transportation for the learners so that they

will not be late or absent. Be aware of the situation that their student is facing. Instead of being

irritated or giving them more hurtful words, give them advice that will make them realize things

and make them feel the concern that you want them to understand.

27
Students. Researchers recommend that they wake up early in the morning, avoid being lazy,

and focus on their studies to avoid absenteeism. Be responsible enough for the things you do in

school, positive or negative.

Parents. Researchers recommend that they don’t show their quarrels to their children, don’t

occupy them much with housework chores, and support them in their studies to avoid

absenteeism. Be aware of what you show your children; it can affect them because you should be

their role model.

Future Researchers. Researchers recommend that they be aware of the respondents that they

will choose; they should pick respondents that are related to their research topic or title and

relevant to the information they add to their topic.

Teachers. Researchers recommend that they be on time for class and avoid or reduce

absenteeism in class. It's really hard being a teacher, and we understand, but be considerate that

students are also having a hard time learning.

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REFERENCE:

https://www.studocu.com/row/document/the-millennium-universal-college/introduction-to-

economics/absenteeism-introduction/17435067

https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/siargao-island-institute-of-technology/college-of-

criminology-and-justice-education/practical-research-1/28777572

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