Present simple and present continuous ( progressive )

By: Mr Alaa

 Formation ‫التكوين‬
I , we , you , they , ‫الجمع‬ inf ‫مصدر‬
He , she , it , ‫المفرد‬ verb + s / es/ies
Ex: I play foot ball. Ex: The boys go to school.
Ex: We get up early. Ex: Hala eats fish.
 Notice‫الحظ‬
‫ مع المفرد‬es ‫ )فإننا نضيف له‬s – ss– sh – ch- o – x – z ( ‫إذا انتهى الفعل بـ‬
go -------- goes wash ------ washes buzz…. buzzes Cross……crosses
‫ مع المفرد‬es ‫ قبل إضافة‬i ‫ يسبقها حرف ساكن تحول إلى‬Y ‫إذا انتهى الفعل ب‬
Carry ---------- carries study ---------- studies
‫ فقط مع المفرد‬s ‫ ( فإننا نضيف‬a – e – i – o – u ) ‫ يسبقها حرف متحرك‬Y ‫أما إذا انتهى الفعل بـ‬
Stay ---------- stays buy ------------- buys play--------------plays
 Usage ‫االستخدام‬
1- Habit ‫يعبر المضارع البسيط عن عادة أو حدث متكرر‬
* I usually have my coffee at 4 pm. My little brother has his coffee at 4, too.
* Dad always goes to the gym on Fridays.
2- Stated fact ‫حقيقة ثابتة‬
* The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
* Water boils at 100 cْ
3- A fact that lasts for a long time ‫حقيقة ثابتة لفترة طويلة‬
* Mr. Mahmoud lives in Luxor .
* I hate dogs .
4. Daily Routine: ‫الروتين اليومي المتكرر‬
* Sam gets up at seven. He has breakfast at seven thirty. He goes to school by bus.
5. Personal information: ‫المعلومات الشخصية‬
* Adel is an engineer. He designs roads and bridges. He is married. …….
6. Timetables & Schedules: ‫الجداول والمواعيد والبرامج الثابتة‬
* The Rome plane leaves at 11 p.m. every Sunday and Thursday.
* The "Hello America" program starts at ten in the evenining.
* The Rome plane leaves at 11 p.m. tomorrow.
7. 'If' (zero conditional):‫الحالة الصفرية‬
* If you boil water, it evaporates.
8. 'If' (1st conditional):‫الحالة االولي‬
* If Mum cooks chicken, I won't eat.

‫الحظ‬:
:‫ يستخدم مع أفعال الشعور والحواس واالدراك والعاطفة والتفكير بدال من المضارع المستمر‬-1
Like dislike Love hate understand want need believe
agree disagree mind seem recognize mean forget realize
I remember his name now  I understand the lesson now
She loves cats now.

1
 after/ when – as ( ‫ يستخدم المضارع البسيط او المضارع التام مع الروابط الزمنية مثل‬-2
‫) بشرط أن يكون الزمن األخر مستقبل‬soon as – once / before
After he arrives, we will eat. They will not go until he gives them money.

Questions ‫األسئلة‬
WH + do / does + subject + Inf …… ?
does / do ‫وفى اإلجابة ال تستخدم‬
Ex: Where does Ali go in the morning ? - He goes to school .
Ex: What do you play ? - I play football .
No ‫ أو‬Yes ‫ وهى بمعنى " هل " تجاب بـ‬Does / Do ‫وبالطبع األسئلة التى تبدأ بـ‬
Ex: Does Hassan like football? - Yes, he does. – No, he does not.

Negative form ‫صيغة النفي‬

Subject‫ الفاعل‬+ don't / doesn't + inf
Ex: She plays tennis She doesn't play tennis
Ex: I go to the theatre I don't go to the theatre
‫ للنفي‬never ‫أننا يمكن أن نستخدم‬ ‫الحظ‬
Ex: Ahmed doesn't study English = Ahmed never studies English.

Key words ‫المفتاح‬

:‫* تنقسم الكلمات المعبرة عن المضارع البسيط الي قسمين اساسيين‬
A B
Adverbs of frequency How often ……
always =‫دائما‬ once a/an …….= ……… ‫مرة كل‬
frequently = ‫بشكل متكرر‬
usually = ‫عادة‬ twice a/an ……..= ………‫مرتين كل‬
often = ‫غالبا‬
sometimes = ‫أحيانا‬ three times a/an ……= ……3 ‫مرات كل‬
occasionally = ‫في المناسبات‬
hardly ever = scarecly ‫بالكاد‬ four times a/an …..= ……..4 ‫مرات كل‬
rarely = seldom = ‫نادرا‬
never = ‫ نهائيا‬- ‫ابدا‬ every …… = ……… ‫كل‬
‫وتأتى هذه الكلمات قبل الفعل األساسي للجملة‬
Ex: He usually visits his uncle.
Ex: She always smiles.
‫ " فتأتى الكلمات السابقة بعده‬verb To Be " ‫أما إذا كان الفعل األساسي‬
Ex: He is always happy.

‫ وتستخدم قبل الفعل األساسي أو‬.‫ تستخدم ظروف التكرار للتعبير عن مدي تكرار فعل ما‬:‫🖐ملحوظة‬
Verb to be ‫بعد فعل يكون‬
Fadia always gets up at 6 o’clock in the morning.
Sara and Merna always go to school at 8 a.m.

2
 Mamdouh usually reads a book at night.
You usually have lunch at 2 p.m.

Yahya often works hard.

They often visit their grandparents‫ أجدادهم‬on Sundays.

Heba sometimes listens to music.

They sometimes play football in the street.

Malak occasionally drives a sports car.

We occasionally swim in the sea.

Yomna never sleeps late.

Asmaa and Shimaa never go to schoo on Fridays.

How often ‫ عند السؤال عن ظروف التكرار نستخدم‬:‫🖐ملحوظة‬

How often + do / does + sub+ ‫ فاعل‬inf‫?مصدر‬
‫ولالجابة نستخدم ظروف التكرار أو الظروف الزمنية مثل‬
Once‫ مرة‬/ twice ‫مرتين‬/ three times‫…… ثالث مرات‬
How often does Zainab read on the sofa? – She often reads on the sofa.
How often do you walk to school? – I always walk to school.
How often does Maysaa text friends? – She usually texts friends.

Present Continuous ( Progressive )

Form Negative Interrogative Usage Key words
‫التكوين‬ ‫النفي‬ ‫اإلستفهام‬ ‫اإلستخدام‬ ‫الكلمات الدالة‬
I am I am not Am I - ‫ يستخدم للتعبيرعن‬- Look!
‫ حدث يقع اآلن‬-1 - Listen!
He He he - He's eating. - now
She is She isn’t Is she -at present
It It it ‫ حدث تم التخطيط للقيام‬-2 - at the moment
‫ به فى المستقبل‬- at the present
You You you - I'm going to time
We are We aren’t Are we Luxor next week. Tomorrow
They They They Tonight
Today
This week /
month
‫مـالحظــــــــــات‬
-: ‫ ) ِمثل‬ing ( ‫ ) ونضـع‬e ( ‫ نحذف‬، ) e ( ‫ إذا كان الفعل ينتهي بحرف‬.1
bake → baking come → coming live → living make →
making ride → riding take → taking drive →
driving give → giving
-: ‫ ) ِمثل‬ing ( ‫ ) ونضـع‬e ( ‫ ) منطوق ال نحذف‬e ( ‫اما إذا كان الفعل ينتهي بحرف‬
3
be → being see → seeing
a – e – i – o – u ((‫إذا كان الفعل ينتهي بحرف ساكن مسبوقا ً بحرف متحرك واحد‬ .2
-: ‫ ) ِمثـل‬ing ( ‫يُكرر الحرف األخير ونضع‬
cut → cutting put → putting get → getting
shop →shopping run→ running swim → swimming
listen → visiting → visit remember →remembering: ‫ مـاعـدا‬-
snow → snowing enjoy → enjoying happening → happen listening

-: ‫ ) ِمثـل‬ing (‫ نضع‬، ‫إذا كان الفعل ينتهي بحرف ساكن مسبوقا ً بحرفان متحركان‬ .3
eat → eating read → reading need → needing
-: ‫ ) ِمثـل‬ing (‫) عند إضافة‬y( ‫) تحول إلي‬ie(‫)إذا كان الفعل ينتهي بحرفي‬4
die → dying lie → lying tie → tying

‫ يستخدم للداللة على حدث يتم االن‬-1

temporary action ‫ يتم للحديث عن حدث مؤقت‬-2
( this week / this month / nowadays )
)arranged action ( ‫ يستخدم للداللة على حدث مؤكد او مرتب في المستقبل‬3-
1- I am travelling to Cairo next week. I've booked the tickets.
2- We are seeing the show tonight. It's arranged.
‫ال يستخدم مع أفعال مثل‬
Like dislike Love hate understand want need believe
agree disagree mind seem recognize mean forget realize
See Hear Smell taste Have = own think regret remember
1- We understand the lesson now.
2- She loves apples now.
3- I like the film at the moment.

Notes:
See ‫ ( يرى‬ing xxxxxxxxx )
See ‫ يقابل‬I'm seeing the doctor now/ tomorrow.

Have ‫ ( يمتلك‬ing xxxxxxxxx )

Have: spend or eat ( ing )
I'm having lunch now.
We are having a holiday in spain

Think = believe ( ing xxxxx )

Think of / about ‫ ( يفكر في‬ing )
I think you are right.
4
I'm thinking of raveling to Cairo.

Notes 2
‫ اذا كان للتوبيخ على فعل شيء خطأ‬always usually ‫جيوز املضارع املستمر مع‬
I'm upset. You are always coming late!
 Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
1- I……….. at the moment.
a) 'm studying b) study c) studying d) studied
2) Be quiet! The baby …………... .
a)is sleeping b) sleeps c) sleep d) sleeping
3) Don't forget to take your umbrella. It ..............
a) rain b) raining c) rains d) is raining
4) I'm sorry, I can’t hear what You ………………
a) saying b) says c) are saying d) said
5) ………. rice every day?
a) Has he eaten b) Does he c) Is he eating d) Does he eat
6) Every Monday, Sally .................... her kids to their football practice.
a) drive b) drives c) driving d) is driving
7) cesses, at the Moment?
a) Does she work b) Is she working c) Will she work d) Did she work
8) Listen! Sandy..................... in the bathroom.
a) is singing b) singing c) sings d) sang
9) He... to travel to the USA.
a) want b) is wanting c) wants d) wanting
10) My mother .................... at the moment.
a. shop b. shops c. shopping d. is shopping
11. Why.................. Amal feeling tired ?
a.am b. are c. were d. is
12. What ................. you think they are doing at the moment ?
a. were b. are c.do d. did
13. Fady ................. Wearing a jacket today because it is very hot.
a. doesn't b. isn't c. aren't d. don't
14. What game ................…now ?
a. did you play b. are you playing c. are playing d. do you play
Read and correct the underlined words:
1) She ( run ) because she’s late for her class.
2) Our teacher always give us lots of homework.
3) ( You go ) out tnight.
4 – She ( visit ) Luxor this week/
5-WE ( read )books online now.