PROJECT REPORT ON

NUWAKOT DURBAR SQUARE

(NAME OF THE DESTINATION)

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to everyone who helped make this report possible.
First, I would like to thank my [Subject Teacher's Name] for their guidance, support, and
encouragement throughout the preparation of this report. Their insights and feedback have been
invaluable to my understanding and completion of this project.

I am also grateful to my family and friends for their constant support and encouragement, which
motivated me to work diligently on this report. Finally, I would like to acknowledge the
resources and facilities provided by [School Name], which greatly assisted me in conducting
my research effectively.

Thank you to everyone whose help and support made this report possible
Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ...............................................................................................................2
CHAPTER I .................................................................................................................................4
INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................................4
1.1 Background of the Study ...................................................................................................4
1.1.1 Nuwakot Durbar Square .................................................................................................5
1.2 Statement of Problem .......................................................................................................5
1.3 Objectives of Study ...........................................................................................................6
1.4 Significance of the Study ...................................................................................................6
1.5 Limitations of the Study .....................................................................................................7
1.6 Organization of the Study ..................................................................................................8
CHAPTER II ................................................................................................................................9
FINDINGS ON THE DESTINATION ...............................................................................................9
2.1 VARIOUS FINDINGS ..........................................................................................................9
CHAPTER III ............................................................................................................................. 11
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ................................................................ 11
Summary ............................................................................................................................. 11
Conclusion........................................................................................................................... 12
Recommendations ............................................................................................................... 12
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

The name “Nuwakot” is made up of two words 'Nawa' and 'kort'. 'Nawa' means nine in
Nepali and 'kort' means sacred religious sites at the top of hill. The district accordingly
has 9 nine hills over which various deities are said to dwell thus overseeing and
protecting Nuwakot. This has led Nuwakot often being called "City of nine hills” (16
February 2024). In Wikipedia.
According to the United Nation World Trade Organization (UNWTO, 2017), Cultural
Tourism implies “A type of tourism activity in which the visitor’s essential motivation
is to learn, discover, experience and consume the tangible and intangible cultural
attractions/products in a tourism destination. These attractions/products relate to a set
of distinctive material, intellectual, spiritual and emotional features of a society that
encompasses arts and architecture, historical and cultural heritage, culinary heritage,
literature, music, creative industries and the living cultures with their lifestyles, value
systems, beliefs and traditions”. “Heritage” is a property, something that is inherited,
passed down from previous generations. In the case of “cultural heritage,” the heritage
doesn’t consist of money or property, but of culture, values and traditions.
Nepal, with rich ancient cultures set against the most dramatic scenery in the world is
a land of discovery and unique experience. Nuwakot as a colony of Kantipur
(Kathmandu) was regarded as the western main gate to enter the valley. For broad
minded individuals who value an experience that is authentic and mesmerizing, Nepal
is the ideal destination as it has places like Nuwakot Durbar Square. This research will
help to identify the perception of Nepali people regarding cultural tourism (focus being
Nuwakot Durbar Area) in Nepal and what steps could be taken to promote it further.
One can take a cultural tour in the Nuwakot Durbar to discover about the cultural
beliefs, or take an ox cart village tour in the different region to truly discover Nepal's
fascinating mix of cultures.
1.1.1 Nuwakot Durbar Square

Cultural heritage implies a shared bond, our belonging to a community. It stands for our
identity, history, and connection to the past, present, and future. The Nuwakot Durbar
Square is regarded as a part of Nepal's cultural heritage. The history, culture,
architecture and the friendly people of Nuwakot makes it perfect place for tourism and
educational stay. The palace was built in the Malla style of architecture with the fortlike
characteristics. Nuwakot would serve as one of the key staging grounds for the eventual
conquest of all three Malla kingdoms in the Kathmandu Valley (Kathmandu, Patan,
Bhadgaon), which fell between 1768 and 1769 to Prithvi Narayan Shah.
The Complex comprises of the main Nuwakot Palace and various temples and shrines,
the most prominent being the Bhairav Temple. This historic palace, built during the
reign of Prithvi Narayan Shah in the 18th century, can be visited in one or two days
from Nepal trip itinerary. Located in the mid-hills of central Nepal, is a significant
monument in Nepal’s history. At 900 meters above sea level, this ancient structure
stands proud. It’s a seven-story palace that can be accessed after an hour uphill trek
from Trishuli Bazar, a small village. Located on the ancient Tibetan trade route, the
village of Nuwakot was once a bustling hub and was even briefly the capital of Nepal.
While it’s now a small, out-of-the-way place, Nuwakot is proud of its importance in
Nepali history. Nowadays it’s a quiet place to visit to enjoy fresh air, mountain views,
rural life, and traditional Nepali architecture and culture.
The fort is a spectacular sight, and while it did suffer significant damage in the
earthquakes of 2015, its seven stories, intricate carvings, thick stone walls, and ornate
temples still make it a must-see attraction. The ancient palace of Nuwakot is located 76
kilometers west of Kathmandu. Nuwakot used to be the western major entrance into
the valley before Nepal was united. It was the primary commercial route between Tibet
and the rest of the world. It is situated above the Trishuli and Tandi rivers in the
country’s central area.

1.2 Statement of Problem

• Even though a lot of people travel to Nepal, very few go to the Nuwakot district.
 • The tourism industry has not expanded and the residents are not profiting from
• it despite the enormous potential for tourism. Because of several obstacles, the
• locals aren’t benefitted from the tourism sector due to following challenges:
• Are there enough accommodations, transportation options, and other services?
• What kinds of issues do visitors from both local and other countries encounter?
• How does the study area's local population benefit?

1.3 Objectives of Study

The main objective of the study is to gain an understanding of the nature and effects of

tourism on the local socio-cultural structure and partly on environment and economy of

the proposed area. The specific objectives of the study are as follows:

• To highlight the cultural tourism significance of Nuwakot Durbar Square

• To evaluate the impact of Nuwakot Durbar Square on tourism.
• To determine the issues and potential for tourism growth in Nuwakot Durbar Square.

1.4 Significance of the Study

Since tourism is still a relatively new field, every academic or research endeavor should

add to the body of information already available. Without the expansion of the tourism

industry, no nation can see significant economic growth. Tourism is essential for the

growth of every nation's economy. This study primarily intends to provide basic

information regarding tourism, the socioeconomic impact of tourism in the Nuwakot

Durbar area, and issues this area is now facing in the tourism sector.

Since ancient times, the historical location of Nuwakot, which is 76 kilometers to the

west of Kathmandu, has been recognized as a significant location. Nepal was split up

into multiple minor entities up before 1744 AD. King Prithvi Narayan Shah of Gorkha

headed the unification effort from this area in order to create a united nation. At that

time, Nuwakot, a Kantipur (Kathmandu) colony, was regarded as the main western

entrance to the valley. As the primary commerce route to Tibet, this location was also

well-liked. Nuwakot is renowned for its historical, cultural, and natural beauty, as well
as for being a commercially successful public residence. However, this place is not so

developed like other touristic places. Therefore, this research is helpful for those people

who take interest in tourism development planner as well as local planner to emphasis

upon it.

Thus, tourism development is the most essential element for our national development.

It is regarded as a means of creating income generation and employment opportunities.

It is also aimed at diversifying and improving local economies without exerting any

adverse environmental and ecological impact. Tourism may also ultimately bolster

national economy by making the visitors stay longer in the country. Furthermore,

sustained tourism may not only check the prevailing problems of migration of rural

people in urban areas but also help integrated community development by involving

people in the wise use of natural resources and environment management supporting

their livelihood. It also provides the brief knowledge about socio-economic effects of

tourism in Nuwakot Durbar area. So, this study will be more beneficial to the readers,

policy makers, general public who wants know about Nuwakot Durbar area and

University students.

1.5 Limitations of the Study

This study will cover only Nuwakot Sat talle Durbar area. Due to time constraints and

limited resources, it is less feasible to examine the overall factors of tourism. So, the

finding from this study has been more suggestive rather than conclusive. The

concluding analysis of this study may not be generalized in the context of national

aggregate level because of limitations of time and area. For the limitation of study areas,

following factors are considered.

• The sample in this study was taken from Bidur Municipality ward no. 2, Nuwakot
• District, which has not been taken as a representative of the entire country.
• The study is academic in nature as the researcher is a student with no prior research
• experience; therefore, it is observed as a case study of Nuwakot Durbar only, not based
 • on impact evaluation report.
• The study is conducted within the given time frame and financial limitation.

1.6 Organization of the Study

The first chapter introduces the study, providing background context, defining the

research problem, and stating the study's objectives. It explains the significance of the

research, acknowledges its limitations, and outlines the organization of the subsequent

chapters.

The second chapter reviews existing literature relevant to the study, summarizing and

critically analysing previous research. It identifies gaps in the current knowledge and

situates the study within the broader academic discourse.

The third chapter details the study area and research design, including sample selection,

data sources, and tools used for data collection and analysis. It provides an overview of

the methods employed to conduct the research.

The fourth chapter presents and analyses the collected data, using visual aids like tables

and charts. It interprets the findings, identifying patterns and trends, and compares them

to the study's hypotheses or research questions.

In conclusion, the fifth chapter discusses the key findings, their significance, and

implications for theory and practice. It summarizes the study's contributions, offers

practical recommendations, and suggests areas for future research.

 CHAPTER II

FINDINGS ON THE DESTINATION

2.1 VARIOUS FINDINGS

1. Location and Historical Significance:

Nuwakot Durbar Square is located in the Nuwakot District, about 75 kilometres northwest of
Kathmandu, Nepal. This site is historically significant as it was a strategic location for trade
between Tibet and Nepal and served as a fortress for unifying the region during the reign of King
Prithvi Narayan Shah in the 18th century. It was a key site in Nepal's unification campaign led
by King Prithvi Narayan Shah, who used the fortress as a base to plan the conquest of the
Kathmandu Valley

2. Architecture and Structure:

The complex blends traditional Newari architectural styles with fortress-like designs and is a
prominent example of medieval architecture in Nepal.The main structure, the seven-story
Nuwakot Palace (also called Nuwakot Durbar), stands on a hilltop, with intricately carved
wooden windows, doors, and decorative detailsOther notable buildings include the Bhairab
Temple, the Taleju Bhawani Temple, and the prominent fortress walls.

3. Cultural Importance

Nuwakot Durbar Square is considered an important cultural heritage site, holding both religious
and historical value. The Bhairab Temple within the square holds special significance, with
annual festivals attracting devotees from across the region. Traditiona ceremonies, fairs, and
rituals still occur here, reflecting the continued cultural relevance of the site.

4. Conservation Efforts and Challenges:

The 2015 earthquake caused significant damage to Nuwakot Durbar Square, particularly
affecting the palace structure and nearby temples restoration efforts have been ongoing, with the
help of both local and international agencies focused on preserving the historic and architectural
integrity of the structures. Challenges include limited funding, logistical difficulties due to the
site's remote location, and balancing modern needs with heritage preservation.
5. Tourism and Economic Impact:

Nuwakot Durbar Square is a popular destination for both domestic and international tourists
interested in history, architecture, and scenic landscapes. Tourism provides a vital source of
income for the local economy, with rounding villages benefiting from visitor spending. The site
is part of Nepal's heritage tourism route, attracting visitors looking for alternatives to the more
crowded Kathmandu Valley sites.

6. Environmental and Social Context:

The area around Nuwakot Durbar Square is scenic, with views of surrounding hills and rivers,
making it a popular location for hiking and trekking. The local community plays an active role in
promoting and protecting the site, although there are concerns about maintaining cultural
practices in the face of increasing tourism.
 CHAPTER III

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary
Nepal's tourism industry is its greatest asset and its most powerful tool for national development.
It has a significant impact on raising the standard of living and has been able to provide Nepalese
with employment opportunities. For both domestic and foreign tourists, Nuwakot is becoming
more popular. In particular, this project aims to establish the Nuwakot Durbar into a tourism hub
by investigating possible tourist destinations. Tourism sector shares 24 percent of the total foreign
currency earning of the nation. It contributes around 6 percent of GDP of Nepal. Nuwakot is one
of such crucial places which carries high possibilities for developing tourism interest. In
Nuwakot, there are numerous locations and items that are well-known for their unique
characteristics. These resources have high potentialities in use for the tourists’ attraction.
However, the promotion and development of the locations have not been appropriately handled.
The goal of the study is to examine the possibilities for cultural, religious, and historical tourism
in the area by highlighting the natural scenery of Nuwakot Durbar. Various approaches were
utilized in this study to achieve these goals. Information of both the primary and secondary kinds
was utilised. Several approaches (including interviews, questionnaires, sampling, group
discussions, and observation) were used to get primary information, and for secondary
information, a variety of published and unpublished materials were also explored. Editing the
tabulating allowed for the processing of the data. Data from primary and secondary sources were
descriptively evaluated. In this area, infrastructures of tourism are seen major promoter of tourism
business. Land use planning, accommodation, transportation; security and supply are must in the
advancement of tourist facility. The historical Museum pertaining to Prithvi Narayan Shah is
being developed and managed properly. Major findings of the study showed that historical place
(i.e. Shera Durbar, Nuwakot Durbar, Basanti Durbar and others etc.), religious place, cultural
place, community forest, scenic beauty, settlement pattern, agriculture product and fishing are
the potentiality for the development of tourism in Nuwakot. This may be promoted by access of
transportation and communication. Government should play prime role to create and promote
market for tourism in this area. Similarly, institutional support is very necessary for the promotion
of tourism. Lastly, this is a location with a distinct history in the tourism industry. The Nuwakot
Durbar features a variety of historical and natural vistas as well as the customs and religious
practices of many castes. The rising and setting of the sun including the viewing of the majestic
Ganesh and Langtang Mountain and nine forts can give the heartfelt satisfaction to the tourist.
The local community's cultural diversity has produced a range of ways to recognize and expose
both locally and internationally. Active roles have been played by Nuwakot Sam pada
Samrakchhan Munch and Nuwakot chamber of commerce and industry for the promotion of
Nuwakot Durbar area as a tourism center in the future.

Conclusion
Visits to historic sites are mostly motivated by the belief that such places (and the objects at
these places) are linked to the remote past. In addition, millions of other people engage in travel
to experience heritage of a more personal nature; most of the worlds historic sites are not
internationally known and only relatively few ever attract international tourists, except perhaps
in combination with other relevant attractions. For every worldrenowned cultural attraction,
there are hundreds of other not famous sites that are appreciated at a more local basis. Nuwakot
is the place having unique existence in the field of tourism sector. For the development of
natural attraction, it has sufficient potentiality. This place invites the tourist through natural
potentialities the culture (from different caste) such as Brahmin, Chhetri and Newars etc. will
be motivated to boost up by tourist incentives and encouragement popularity of Nuwakot
Durbar in its scenic beauty. Rising and setting of sun including viewing of majestic viewing of
Ganesh Himal, Langtang Himal and nine forts located there can give the heartfelt satisfaction to
the tourists. Cultural heterogeneity in the local community creates unity in diversity to identify
and expose culture internationally. Nuwakot, itself is a popular hilly district for generation
income by Rainbow Trout fish, cash and livestock products such as millet, paddy, wheat, corn,
ginger, round chilies, potato, tomato and milk. Mentioned agro - products also are attraction
points of visitors. Due to it, community could have economy generation and gear up overall
development of rural areas. The government may best encourage the development of tourist-
related products and infrastructure, including transportation, communication, water supply, and
lodging options, particularly hotels and motels, which should be created first in order to attract
tourists. Home stay for the tourist should be managed properly.

Recommendations
• The research concludes with some specific recommendations for the ongoing
• development of tourism in Nuwakot because the study area hasn't been able to reap the
benefits consistent with its potential.
• The advantages of tourism are not properly known. The local population should receive
the necessary education and training as well as awareness programs to make them aware
of tourism.
• People's involvement is essential for success. The full cycle of tourism development
programs should be supported and heavily linked with local communities.

• The district should concentrate on infrastructural development with government

assistance because infrastructures are the primary needs of tourists.
• Since there are no official records of tourists visiting Nuwakot and their spending habits,
it is necessary to set up a department that can keep accurate tourism data
• To extend visitors' stays and their spending, the lodging facilities need to be upgraded
and standardized.
• The brick must be properly paved, and the entrance gates must also be renovated.
• Tourism development should be promoted by both the public and commercial • sectors.
• The local community and district level stakeholders need to be aware of tourism. •
Information on the tourist potential of the Nuwakot district should be provided to
potential markets, including pilgrims, domestic visitors, and overseas visitors. In natural
and cultural heritage sites connected to tourist and pilgrimage tourism, Nuwakot
exhibits its prosperity. Therefore, there is great potential for the growth of adventure and
cultural tourism as a kind of travel.
• It is important to support journalists, tour and trekking companies located in
Kathmandu, and other tourism boosters in their efforts to highlight and publicize the
Nuwakot's tourist attractions.
• Different information centers for tourists should be established in Nuwakot.