According to Miriam Carey (2019), potatoes came to Europe from Peru in the late 16th

century, and Britain was eating early versions of the chip "potato's boiled and fried in butter" as
described in Robert May’s The Accomplished Cook by 1660. The rest, when they became finger-
sized and fried in oil, and who invented them first is a complicated story. British fish and chips,
though they existed separately before, fish and chips teamed up around 1860 in
this quintessential British dish. Charles Dickens gives us the earliest literary references to it in A
Tale of Two Cities in 1859, when he fondly recalls "husky chips of potato, fried with some
reluctant drops of oil". He also speaks of "fried fish warehouses" in Oliver Twist in 1839.
However, in the real world, some believe John Lees was the first to pair fish and chips
at Mossley market in industrial Lancashire in 1863. While others say it was Jewish immigrant
Joseph Malin at a chip shop in east London in around 1860. It’s unclear who was truly the first,
possibly Joseph as fried fish is a Jewish tradition. In the years that followed, fish and chip shops
began to spring up in towns up and down the country. Powering the human cogs and gaskets of
the Industrial Revolution, journalist Henry Mayhew declared it the food of the poor in 1861. The
origin of chips in Europe, in France, street vendors at Paris’ Ponte Neuf bridge were selling fried
chunks of potato as early as the 1780s. Third US president Thomas Jefferson loved them so
much he introduced them to America. The Belgians also stake claim as the inventor. So much so
they have a petition to make frites served in a paper cone with mayonnaise a national dish. The
story goes, in 1680 winter was so cold the River Meuse froze over so to get enough sustenance
they ate fried potatoes cut in the shape of fish. They say American soldiers took French fries
from Belgium to America and gave them the misnomer as they were confused about what
country they were in. Whether this is true is disputed. Chips fueled the war, unlike bread, eggs
and meat, in the UK, potatoes and fish remained firmly off the ration book during both the First
and Second World Wars. The government not only recognized just how much they were loved by
the working classes, but also how fish and chip shops performed a similar role to the 'National
Kitchens' which were set up during the First World War to ensure the population got some basic
nutrition and, no doubt, a boost to morale as well. Modern chips, along the line chips made the
jump from working class to classless, with skinny fries and chunky chips on the menu at fast
food retailers as well as high end restaurants. Possibly influenced by European chip dishes such
steak frites and moules-frites, innovative takes on the food can be found at world class
restaurants across the globe. At Turkish-inspired Black Axe Mangal, shoestring fries accompany
kebabs and flatbreads. At Kome, a Japanese and Korean fusion restaurant, they're topped with
bulgogi steak, garlic sauce, cheese, spring onions, sour cream and kimchi.

Based on Brittany Anas (2024), Chips are a go-to for savory snack lovers. From the classics
for potato chip purists to zany flavors, there are dozens of varieties of crunchy, bite-sized snacks.
Chips run the gamut from salty to spicy to tangy too, from tortilla chips made for dunking
in salsa to pita chips that are vessels for hummus. Chips, in their most basic form, are crisped-up
snack food. But there are all kinds of base ingredients that can be baked or fried to become a
chip. Some lesser-known food items can be turned into chips, like kale or beets. Or, in places like
Sri Lanka, deep-fried cassava roots are turned into crunchy tapioca chips. But most commonly,
stateside chips are made with things like ‘taters and tortillas. Five of the most common types of
chips are Potato chips, Corn chips, Tortilla chips, Bean chips, and Cheese puffs.

Some chips can be made into dishes and served as an appetizer, side, hors d'oeuvre, etc.
Some types of chips are often served in the combination plate, chips and dip. Other chips are
sweet or strongly flavored or fragile. Tortilla chips can be used for chips and salsa, nachoes, bean
dip, guacamole, or a layered dip containing multiple of these. Popular kinds of chip are made of
root chips like potato chips, a thin slice of potato - that has been deep fried or baked until
crunchy, tapioca chips - a snack food made from thin wafers of deep fried cassava root. Grain
and bean chips like bean chips - chips prepared using beans as a primary ingredient, corn chips -
a snack food made from cornmeal fried in oil or baked, pita chips - chips made of dried pita,
tortilla chips - a snack food made from corn tortillas. Fruit chips (sweet chips) like banana chips -
slices of banana that are fried or dried and plantain chips - a snack made with sliced plantains.
Vegetable chips like carrot chips - a common term for carrots that have been fried or dehydrated,
kale chips - snack food made of baked kale. Others like popcorn - type of corn kernel which
expands and puffs up on heating, cheese puffs - puffed corn snack, cracker (food) - Flat, dry
baked biscuit, and chocolate chips - small chunk of chocolate used as an ingredient (Wikipedia
contributors, 2024).

Based on Growth (2023), Chips have long been considered an unhealthy snack option.
However, there are chips made from ingredients that can provide unexpected health benefits. The
nutritional value of chips and the health benefits they offer are high in fiber, chips made from
whole grains like brown rice and quinoa are a great source of fiber. Fiber is essential for good
digestive health and can help reduce cholesterol levels, regulate blood sugar, and promote a
feeling of fullness. Rich in antioxidants, certain types of chips like sweet potato and beetroot
chips are high in antioxidants. Antioxidants protect the body against damage from free radicals
that can cause chronic diseases like cancer and heart disease. Good source of potassium, chips
made from potatoes or bananas are a great source of potassium, a vital mineral that helps
regulate blood pressure, support nerve function, and maintain hydration levels. Contains healthy
fats, chips made from nuts, seeds, or avocados contain healthy fats such as monounsaturated and
polyunsaturated fats. These fats help to lower cholesterol levels, reduce inflammation, and
improve heart health. Provides essential vitamins and minerals, chips made from vegetables like
kale chips or zucchini chips are an excellent source of essential vitamins and minerals. Kale
chips are high in vitamin K while zucchini chips are an excellent source of vitamin C.

In the article by Igori Nosa (2024), there are ten powerful health benefits of eating chips.
It improved heart health, some chips are made with healthy fats, such as olive oil or avocado oil.
These fats can help to improve heart health by lowering cholesterol levels and reducing
inflammation. Reduced risk of stroke, lower blood pressure, improved blood sugar control,
reduced risk of obesity, improved digestive health, boosted immunity, reduced risk of chronic
diseases, improved cognitive function, and it also help to have a healthier skin and hair. But there
are also potential concerns and risks like chips can provide several health benefits, it is important
to be aware of some potential concerns and risks. High sodium content, which can contribute to
high blood pressure. High saturated fat content, which can increase the risk of heart disease.
High calorie content, which can contribute to weight gain. To minimize these risks, it is
important to choose chips that are made with healthy ingredients and to enjoy them in
moderation.

When it comes to making homemade chips, there are several cooking methods to use.
First, baking homemade chips is a healthier alternative to frying, as it requires less oil. Next is
frying for crispiness is a classic method for making homemade chips that results in a crispy and
delicious texture. Lastly, Air-frying alternatives is a healthier alternative to frying that uses hot
air to cook the chips instead of oil (Vevera, 2024).
Carey, M. (2019). The history of chips. https://www.lovefood.com/news/57589/the-history-of-chips?

fbclid=IwY2xjawF57UVleHRuA2FlbQIxMAABHVwcu7x0rUIjaK2oODAObdvvIOSm07M87

VqvsWayVLR6Vtk3VLuhtYQoLw_aem_U32vkafIfbxexgAdGE9EBA

Anas, B. (2024). 37 Types of Chips to Buy for Summer BBQs From Crisps and Cheetos to Puffs and

Pringles. https://parade.com/food/types-of-chips

Wikipedia contributors. (2024, May 12). Chip (snack). Wikipedia.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chip_(snack)

Growth, N. (2023, May 1). The nutritional Value of Chips: Health benefits you didn’t know.

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/nutritional-value-chips-health-benefits-you-didnt-know/

Nova, I. (2024). 10 Powerful Health Benefits of Eating Chips That You Really Should Know About.

https://benefits-of-things.com/benefits-of-eating-chips/

Vevera, V. (2024, June 2). How to make home cooked chips: a simple and delicious recipe.

HomeCookingTech.com. https://www.homecookingtech.com/how-to-make-home-cooked-chips/