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8th Civics LN 18

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27 views2 pages

8th Civics LN 18

Uploaded by

geethupapu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MAHARISHI VIDYA MANDIR SR.

SECONDARY SCHOOL,
CHETPET CHENNAI- 600031
ACADEMIC YEAR 2024-25

SOCIAL SCIENCE-CIVICS

CLASS: VIII

Ln. 18 Social Justice and the Marginalised -Confronting


Marginalisation
Answer the following questions:

Q1. Why do Adivasi activists, including C.K.Janu, believe that


Adivasis can also use this 1989 Act to fight against this possession?
Is there anything specific in the provisions of the Act that allows
her to believe this?

A1. The Act guarantees Adivasis not to be dispossessed from their traditional
homeland. The land belonging to tribal people cannot be sold to or bought
by non-tribals.
In cases where this has happened the Constitution guarantees the right of
tribals to re- possess their land.

Q2. What do you understand by manual scavenging? Describe the


condition of manual scavengers?

A2. Manual scavenging refers to the practice of removing human and


animal waste/excreta using brooms, tin plates and baskets from dry
latrines and carrying it on the head to disposal grounds some distance
away.

Manual scavengers are exposed to subhuman conditions of work and face


serious health hazards.

They are constantly exposed to infections that affect their eyes, skin,
respiratory and gastro-intestinal systems.

They get very low wages for the work they perform.

Those working in Urban Municipalities earn Rs.200 per day whereas those
working privately are paid much less.
Q3. How does the reservation policy work?

A3. Governments across India have their own list of Scheduled Castes (or
Dalits), Scheduled Tribes and backward and most backward castes.

The Central Government too has its list. Students applying to educational
institutions and those applying for posts in government are expected to
furnish proof of their caste or tribe status, in the form of caste and tribe
certificates. If a particular Dalit caste or a certain tribe is on the
government list, then a candidate from that caste or tribe can avail of the
benefit of reservation.

Q4. What is Scheduled tribe and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers


(recognition of Forest Rights) Act of 2006 about?
A4. The introduction to the final Act states that his Act is meant to undo
the historical injustices meted out to forest dwelling populations is not
recognizing their rights to land and resources.
The Act recognizes their right to homestead, cultivable and grazing land
and to non- timber forest produce.
The Act also points out that the rights of forest dwellers includes
conservation of forests and bio-diversity.

Q5. Why did the Safai Karamchari Andolan file a PIL in 2003? What
did they complain about in their petition?
A5. In 2003, the Safai Karamchari Andolan and 13 other organizations and
individuals, including seven scavengers, filed a PIL in the Supreme Court.
The petitioners complained that manual scavenging still existed and it
continued in government undertakings like the railways.
The petitioners sought enforcement of their Fundamental Rights. The Court
observed that the number of manual scavengers in India has increased since
the 1993 law.

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