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Unit 6 Vocab

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17 views2 pages

Unit 6 Vocab

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Zaire K.

Brown

Unit 6 – Revolutions in the West

Vocabulary –
1. Old Regime - The social and political order that existed in France from the
late Middle Ages until the French Revolution.
2. Estate - The different classes in France at the time of the revolution, each
representing a particular segment of society
3. Estates General - A representative assembly in Old Regime France,meant
to advise the King, primarily on financial matters, composed of representatives
from all Three Estates.
4. National Assembly - The name of the revolutionary assembly formed by
representatives of the Third Estate, From June 17 to July 9, 1789,
5. Tennis Court Oath - A pivotal event during the early stages of the French
Revolution, where members of the Third Estate vowed not to disband until they
had drafted a new constitution for France.
6. Great Fear - A period of panic and riot by peasants and others amid rumors
of an “aristocratic conspiracy” by the king and the privileged to overthrow the
Third Estate
7. Legislative Assembly - The legislature of revolutionary France from
October 1, 1791 to September 20, 1792 that provided the focus of political debate
and revolutionary law-making
8. Émigré - A person who has emigrated, often with a connotation of political
or social exile or self-exile
9. Sans-culotte - The common people of the lower classes of 18th century
France, who were unhappy with the harsh living conditions during the Ancien
Régime and became radical partisans of the French Revolution in protest
10. Jacobin - The most famous political group of the French Revolution, which
became identified with extreme egalitarianism and violence and which led the
Revolutionary government from mid-1793 to mid-1794
11. Guillotine - A beheading device adopted in France during the French
Revolution, originally proposed by Doctor Joseph-Ignace Guillotin, who argued
for a more painless, humane, and efficient form of execution even though what he
actually supported was the abolition of the death penalty altogether
Zaire K. Brown

12. Maximilien Robespierre - A radical democrat and key figure in the French
Revolution of 1789 who briefly presided over the influential Jacobin Club, a
political club based in Paris, and also served as president of the National
Convention and on the Committee of Public Safety.
13. Reign of Terror - A period of the French Revolution when, following the
creation of the First Republic, a series of massacres and numerous public
executions took place in response to revolutionary fervor, anticlerical sentiment,
and accusations of treason by the Committee of Public Safety.
14. Peninsular - Spaniards living in the Spanish colonies who were born in
Spain whose status as born in Spain gave them the highest social status in the
colonies and they occupied the most important positions of power in the caste, or
casta system, in the colonies.
15. Simon Bolivar - A Venezuela soldier and statesman who played a central
role in the South American independence movement and served as president of
Gran Colombia and as dictator of Peru
16. Jose de San Martin - An Argentine soldier, statesman, and national hero
who helped lead the revolutions against Spanish rule in Argentina, Chile, and Peru.
17. Miguel Hidalgo - A Mexican Roman Catholic priest and key figure in the
Mexican War of Independence, best remembered for his speech, the “Grito de
Dolores,” which called for the end of Spanish colonial rule in Mexico
18. Jose Maria Morelos - A Mexican parish priest who joined the forces
seeking to liberate Mexico from Spanish rule, became the greatest of the insurgent
military commanders, and as a statesman he advocated far-reaching political and
social reforms
19.Toussaint L’Ouverture - The leader of the Haitian independence movement
during the French Revolution, who emancipated the enslaved people and
negotiated for the French colony on Hispaniola, Saint-Domingue, to be governed,
briefly, by formerly enslaved people as a French protectorate.

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