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    Chemical Equilibria (L)

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    Chemical Equilibria (L)

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    tc202803
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    Chemical Equilibria (L) (3)

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    2 views2 pages

    Chemical Equilibria (L)

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    of 2

    Characteristics of Equilibrium Constant (K C)

    (i) The value of the equilibrium constant for a particular reaction is always constant depending
    only upon the temperature of the reaction and is independent of the concentrations of the
    reactants.
    (ii) If the reaction is reversed the value of equilibrium constant is inversed.
    For example, for the reaction between acetic acid and ethyl alcohol at 25 0C, the value of
    equilibrium constant (KC) is found to be 4.0, i,e., for the reaction
    CH3COOH + C2H5OH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
    [CH3 COOC2 H5 ] [H2 O]
    KC at 250C = = 4.0
    [CH3 COOH] [C2 H5 OH]
    If the above reaction is written in the reversed manner, i.e, as:
    CH3COOC2H5 + H2O CH3COOH + C2H5OH
    The value of the equilibrium constant will be
    [CH3 COOH] [C2 H5 OH] 1 1
    KC = = = at 250C
    [CH3 COOC2 H5 ] [H2 O] KC 4

    (iii) If the equation (having equilibrium constant K) is written in two steps (having equilibrium
    constant K1 and K2) then K1 × K2 = K
    For example, consider the reaction
    N2 + 2O2 2NO2
    [NO2 ]2
    For this reaction, KC =
    [N2 ][O2 ]2
    If the above reaction takes place in two steps
    Step I: N2 + O2 2NO
    Step II: 2NO + O2 2NO2
    [NO]2
    For step I, K1 =
    [N2 ][O2 ]
    [NO2 ]2
    For step I, K2 =
    [NO]2 [O2 ]
    [NO]2 [NO2 ]2 [NO2 ]2
    K1 × K2 = × = [N =K
    [N2 ][O2 ] [NO]2 [O2 ] 2 ][O2 ]
    2

    (iv) If the equation (having equilibrium constant K) is divided by 2, the equilibrium constant for
    the new equation is the square root of K (i.e, √K).
    For example, if K is the equilibrium constant for the reaction
    N2 + 3H2 2NH3 ------------ (i)
    1 3
    Then for the equation, N2 + H2 NH3 --------------- (ii)
    2 2
    The value of equilibrium constant, K = √K
    [NH3 ]2 [NH3 ]
    K= K= = √K.
    [N2 ][H2 ]3 [N2 ]1/2 [H2 ]3/2
    [for reaction (i)] [for the reaction (ii)]
    (v) If the equation (having equilibrium constant K) is multiplied by 2, the equilibrium constant
    for the new equation is the square of K (i.e, K2).
    For example, if K is the equilibrium constant for the reaction
    N2 + 3H2 2NH3 ------------ (i)
    Then for the equation, 2N2 + 6H2 4NH3 --------------- (ii)

    Chemical equilibria XI @ Haridas Vilapparampil Sukumaran 2024 Yhss Page 1 of 2


    The value of equilibrium constant, K = K2
    [NH3 ]2 [NH3 ]4
    K= K= = K2
    [N2 ][H2 ]3 [N2 ]2 [H2 ]6
    [for reaction (i)] [for the reaction (ii)]
    (vi) The magnitude of equilibrium constant gives an idea of the relative amounts of the reactants
    and products.
    Larger the value of KC (equilibrium constant) indicates that larger amounts of products are
    present at equilibrium. Small values of KC equilibrium constant KC (equilibrium constant)
    indicates that larger amounts of reactants at equilibrium.
    If KC < 1, the amounts of reactants > the amounts of products.
    If KC > 1, the amounts of reactants < the amounts of products.
    (vii) The value of equilibrium constant is not affected by the addition of a catalyst to the reaction.
    The addition or removal of a catalyst does not shift the equilibrium point in either direction. The
    catalyst provides an alternate reaction pathway of lower activation energy. Thus, a catalyst
    changes the rate of approach of equilibrium and so affects the forward and backward reaction
    rates equally. The composition of equilibrium mixture remains constant.
    (viii) The value of equilibrium constant (KC and KP) depends only upon the temperature of the
    system not depends on the concentration or pressure of the system.

    Chemical equilibria XI @ Haridas Vilapparampil Sukumaran 2024 Yhss Page 2 of 2

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