FACULTY OF SCIENCE&AGRICULTURE

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

RE-EXAMINATION – SECOND SEMESTER 2019

SCHM122&SLCH122&4CHM122&4LCH122 –
BASIC CHEMISTRY

DURATION: 3 HOURS

FULL MARKS: 100

Internal Examiner

Dr SE Mavundla

Mrs N Morojele-Mathibeli

Internal Moderator

Dr TV Segapelo

INSTRUCTIONS:

(a) Ascertain that the paper has fifteen (15) printed pages.

(b) Answer all questions in the examination answer booklet provided.

(c) Answer the questions in order and number them correctly.

(d) Write neatly.

(d) The Periodic Table is provided

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Periodic Table of the Elements

2
SECTION A

QUESTION 1 (20 MARKS)

1. Elements U, W, X, Y and Z have the electronic configurations 1s22s2,

1s22s22p5, 1s22s22p1, 1s22s22p2 and 1s22s22p3 respectively. Which element is
expected to have the lowest first ionization energy?
[A] U
[B] W
[C] X
[D] Y
[E] Z
2. Which of the following correctly indicates the order of metallic character?
[A] B > N > C
[B] F > Cl > S
[C] Si > P > S
[D] P > S > Se
[E] Na > K > Rb
3. Which of the following terms accurately describes the energy associated with
the process:
F (g) + e-  F - (g)
[A] Electronegativity
[B] Electron affinity
[C] Binding energy
[D] Ionization energy
[E] Atomization energy
4. A sample of carbon in the form of graphite conducts electricity. This shows that
graphite
[A] Is a metal
[B] Is a solid
[C] Is a gas
[D] Contains free electrons
[E] Contains C2+ ions
5. The product(s) for the reaction below is(are)
K2O + H2O 

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 [A] K2(OH)2
[B] K(OH)2
[C] KOH.H2O
[D] KOH
[E] KO + H2 + O2
6. Select the correct IUPAC name for: [Co(NH3)4(H2O)2]Cl2
[A] Tetrammoniadiwatercobalt(II) chloride
[B] hexaammineaquacobaltate(II) chloride
[C] Tetraammoniaaquacobalt(III) dichloride
[D] Tetraamminediaquacobalt(II) chloride
[E] Triammoniadiaquacobalt (IV) chloride
7. Which electronic configuration of an element has abnormally high difference
between second and third ionization energy?
[A] 1s22s22p63s1
[B] 1s22s22p63s2
[C] 1s22s22p63s23p1
[D] 1s22s22p63s23p2
[E] 1s22s22p63s23p5
8. Which of the following correctly represents the second ionization of aluminium?
[A] Al+(g) + e-  Al(g)
[B] Al (g)  Al+(g) + e-
[C] Al+(s)  Al2+(s) + e-
[D] Al+(g) + e-  Al2+(g)
[E] Al+(g)  Al2+(g) + e _
9. Which of the following species is not expected to be a ligand?
−¿¿
[A] NO 3
[B] K+
[C] Cl-
[D] NH3
[E] H2O
10. Which property of an atom does not affect its first ionisation energy?
[A] the number of neutrons
[B] the number of protons

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 [C] the atomic radius
[D] the number of electron shells
[E] arrangement of electrons on the outer shell
11. As the elements in Group 7 are considered in order of increasing atomic
number, the atomic radius of each successive element increases. This is
primarily due to an increase in the number of
[A] principal energy levels
[B] protons in the nucleus
[C] electrons in the outermost shell
[D] neutrons in the nucleus
[E] unpaired electrons
12. Which one of the following is an ionic hydride?
[A] LiH
[B] HCl
[C] HF
[D] CH4
[E] H2O
13. Which hydroxide is amphoteric?
[A] LiOH
[B] NaOH
[C] Be(OH)2
[D] Ca(OH)2
[E] Sr(OH)2
14. The loss of water of crystallization from a hydrate when exposed to air is known
as
[A] efflorescence
[B] deliquescence
[C] quiescence
[D] hydrogenation
[E] hydration
15. Which of the following terms refers to the number of molecules/ions attached to
the central metal atom/ion in a complex ion?
[A] Binding number
[B] Connection number

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 [C] Coordination number
[D] Bonding number
[E] Crystal lattice
16. A student has an unknown solution X, to which she adds sodium hydroxide in
order to test for the cation in X. A blue gelatinous precipitate was formed.
Which metal ion could have been present?
[A] Fe2+
[B] Fe3+
[C] Al3+
[D] Na+
[E] Cu2+
17. The diagram shows how a property of Period 3 elements varies across the
period. What is the property?
[A] Atomic radius
[B] Melting point
[C] Electronegativity
[D] First ionization energy
[E] Density
18. In some areas lime, Ca(OH)2, is added to soil to improve crop growth. Which
statement correctly describes the reason why lime improves crop growth?
[A] Lime acts as a catalyst which speeds up the release of nitrates into the soil.
[B] Lime is an effective pesticide and protects the plants from damage.
[C] Lime is used to reduce the acidity of the soil.
[D] Lime lowers the pH of the soil.
[E] Lime changes the soil texture.
19. Which of the following correctly lists the species in order of increasing radius
from smallest to largest?
[A] Br-, Cl-, F-
[B] K+, Na+, Li+
[C] Co+, Co2+, Co3+
[D] Na, Mg, Al
[E] Be2+. Mg2+, Ca2+
20. Electronegativity is a measure of
[A] an atom’s ability to form ionic bonds.

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 [B] an atom’s ability to pull protons to itself.
[C] an atoms ability to pull bonded electrons to itself.
[D] an atom’s ability to form covalent bonds.
[E] an atom’s ability to form covalent compounds.

QUESTION 2 (10 MARKS)

1. Magnesium reacts rapidly with oxygen, burning with a bright white light.
Magnesium reacts slowly with cold water but vigorously with steam.
(a) Write an equation for the reaction of magnesium with oxygen. (1)
(b) Write an equation for the reaction of magnesium with steam. (2)
(c) Give a medical use for magnesium compound formed when magnesium
reacts with water above. (1)
2. When fossil fuels like coal and paraffin are burned, they release nitrogen and
sulphur oxides into the atmosphere. These oxides, when they come into
contact with rainwater, will react to form acid rain. Acid rain is harmful to
humans, animals, plants and the environment. Write equations to show how
(a) The oxide of nitrogen contributes to acidity of rainwater. (1)
(b) The oxide of sulphur contributes to acidity of rainwater. (1)
3. In the manufacturing of fireworks (iziqhumane), different metal salts are used in
order to create the beautiful colourful displays seen during evening
celebrations. What colour would
(a) sodium ions produce? (1)
(b) potassium ions produce? (1)
4. Lithium and magnesium form stable nitrides. The nitride formula has the
formula N-3. Write the formula of
(a) Lithium nitride (1)
(b) Magnesium nitride (1)

QUESTION 3 (10 MARKS)

1. Define the term ionization energy. (1)
2. What is the general trend in the first ionization energy of Period 2 elements and
how does it relate to the reactivity of alkali and alkaline earth metals in a given
period? (3)

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3. Element X has the following first three ionization energies (IE):
IE1 (kJ/mol) IE2 (kJ/mol) IE3 (kJ/mol)
496 4568 6920

(a) If element X is from period 4, what is its identity? (1)

(b) When X is heated in oxygen, it produces a white powder which dissolves in
water to form a solution of pH14. What is the identity of this solution? (1)
4. Rubidium reacts with water to produce a gas and an alkaline solution.
(a) Name the gas produced. (1)
(b) What ion causes the solution to be alkaline? (1)
5. Aluminium oxide is amphoteric.
(a) What does the term amphoteric mean? (1)
(b) Write an equation for the reaction between aluminium oxide, Al 2O3 and
hydrochloric acid. (1)

QUESTION 4 (10 MARKS)

1. Copper and zinc are both in the d-block of the Periodic Table. Copper forms
compounds that contain Cu+ and Cu2+ ions but zinc only forms compounds that
contain Zn2+ ions.
(a) Write the abbreviated electronic configurations for the ions below:
(i) Cu2+ (1)
(ii) Zn2+ (1)
(b) Explain why copper is classified as a transition metal but zinc is not. (2)
2. When titanium dissolves in hydrochloric acid, the purple [Ti(H2O)4Cl2]+ ion is
formed.
(a) What is the oxidation state and coordination number of titanium in this ion?
(2)
(b) Name the ion. (2)
3. What difference in structure and behaviour distinguishes a paramagnetic
substance from a diamagnetic one? (2)

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SECTION B

QUESTION 1 (20 MARKS)

1. A straight-chain alkene has seven carbon atoms. Its molecular formula is:
[A] C7H7
[B] C7H14
[C] C7H16
[D] C7H18
2. Which one of the following compounds is not an alkane?
[A] C20H42
[B] C25H54
[C] C17H36
[D] C8H18
3. Which of the following is not an organic compound?
[A] CaCl2
[B] CH3Cl
[C] CH3COOH
[D] C2H4
4. Which of the following compounds will most likely dissolve in water?
[A] C3H8
[B] C3H8O
[C] C3H7Cl
[D] C3H6
5. How many functional groups are there in the structure below?

[A] 2
[B] 3
[C] 4

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 [D] 5
6. How many sp2-hybridized carbons are in the structure in Question 5 above?
[A] 2
[B] 4
[C] 6
[D] 8
7. The round bottom flask in the distillation process has a mixture of the following
compounds: ethane, chloroethane, ethanol and ethanoic acid. Which
compound will be last to distil/come out?
[A] Ethanol
[B] Ethane
[C] Chloethane
[D] Ethanoic acid
8. What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?

[A] 2-mthylhex-2-en-5-yne
[B] 5-methylhex-4-en-1-yne
[C] 2-methypent-2-en-5-yne
[D] 5-methylpent-4-en-1-yne
9. Which of the following is not aromatic?

[A] [B] [C] [D]

10. Which of the following compounds is a geometric isomer (cis or trans)?

[A] [B] [C] [D]

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11. The name of this compound is….

[A] 2,3-dimethylpent-1-ene-4-ol
[B] 4,5-dimethylhex-5-en-3-ol
[C] 4,5-dimethypent-4-en-2-ol
[D] 3,4-dimethylpent-1-en-4-ol
12. Which class of organic compounds can be represented by R−O-R?
[A] alcohol
[B] ester
[C] ether
[D] carboxylic acid
13. What is the IUPAC name for this compound?

[A] 1-butylcylopropane
[B] 1-propylcyclopropane
[C] 1-cyclopropylbutane
[D] 1-yclobutylpropane
14. What is the correct name for this compound?

[A] 3-methoxy-3-methylbutane
[B] 2-methoxy-2-methylpropane
[C] 2-ethyl-2-methoxyethane
[D] 2-methylbutan-2-ol
15. Which statement is NOT true about carboxylic acids?
[A] They are weaker acids than phenols
[B] They are planar at carboxylic acid

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 [C] They have higher melting points than alkane and haloalkanes
[D] They are easily separated because of their acidity.
16. Which of the following alcohols is tertiary alcohol?

[A]

[B]

[C]

[D]
17. Give IUPAC name for this compound:

[A] 3-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid

[B] 1-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid
[C] 1-benzoic-5-methoxyphenol-3-ol
[D] 3-benzoic-5-methoxyphenol-1-ol
18. Which is the major product for the following reaction?

[A]

[B]

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 [C]

[D]
19. Methanol + Ethanoic acid  ?
[A] Methyl ethanoic acid
[B] Ethanoic acid methyl
[C] Methyl ethanoate
[D] Ethyl methanoate
20. Butanol (CH3CH2CH2CH2OH) shows hydrogen bonding whereas butane
(CH3 CH2CH2CH3) does not, which one of the following statements is TRUE?
[A] butanol will have a lower boiling point than butane
[B] butanol will have weaker intermolecular bonding interactions than butane
[C] butanol will dissolve more in water than butane
[D] butane is expected to be more viscous than butanol

QUESTION 2 (10 MARKS)

1. Explain why ethanol is more soluble than pentanol. (2)

2. If you have a mixture of hexanoic acid and hexane in the distillation experiment,
which compound will you expect to distil first, why? (2)
3. Classify the following pairs of compounds as the same, constitutional isomers,
geometric or not related. (2)

(a)

(b)
4. Give the missing reagent(s) or product(s) for the following reactions: (4)

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 (a)

(b)

(c)

QUESTION 3 (10 MARKS)

1. Draw skeletal formula for the following compounds: (6)

(a) 4-bromohex-2-ene

(b) 2,2-dimethylpropane

(c) 2-methylcyclopentan-1-ol

2. Draw condense structural formula for the following compounds: (4)

(a) 2-butanol
(b) 2-chloro-4-methylpentane

QUESTION 4 (10 MARKS)

Give IUPAC names for the following compounds: (10)

1.

2.

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3.

15