INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

IT Applications tools in
Business
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
This course introduces information technology and applications. The course addresses the computer proficiency
requirement for future accounting professionals. Topics to be covered includes word processing, spreadsheet analysis
and data management, business graphic, and presentation techniques.

Subject Teacher: Maricris A. Ganal

GRADING SYSTEM
The student’s grade at the end of the semester represents the combined marks for Knowledge (AQ, TT, Rotation Exam, Case
Presentation); Skills (Actual Performance in the Laboratory); and Attitude (Attendance, Recitation, Assignment and Behavior/
Conduct). There are four (4) grading periods namely, Preliminary, Midterm, Semi – Final and Final Examinations. The school has
adopted the cumulative grading system, which is computed as follows:

Prelim Grade
PG = AQ+CS+TT * 60% +( LAB * 40% )
3

Midterm Grade MCA = PG + 2(MG)

MG= AQ+CS+TT * 60% +( LAB * 40%) 3
3

Semi – Final Grade SFCA = MG + 2(SFG)

SFG= AQ+CS+TT * 60% +( LAB * 40%) 3
3
Final Grade
FG= AQ+CS+TT * 60% +( LAB * 40%) FCA= SFG+2(FG)
3
Where:
PG = Prelim Grade MG = Midterm Grade
MCA = Midterm Cumulative Average SFG = Semi-Final Grade
SFCA =Semi – Final cumulative Average FG = Final Grade
FCA =Final Cumulative Average TT = Term test
AQ = Average Quizzes
CS = CLASS STANDING ( Participation to forum discussion, Research Activities, Assignments)
Course Outline
Prelim Midterm Semi-Final Final
I. Introduction to Computer III. Introduction to MS Excel IV. Introduction to MS Power V. Graphic Design tool using
A. What is Computer A. Understanding Workbooks Point Presentation Canva
B. Computer Concepts B. Typing Text or Numbers into a A. Exploring Windows A. Introduction to Canva
C. History of Computer worksheet B. Backstage View
B. Template exploration
D. Characteristics of Computer C. Typing formulas in a C. Creating presentation
E. Basic Applications of Computer worksheet D. Adding New slides, text in boxes, C. Design Challenge
F. Components of Computer Systems (Input/output D. Filling a series existing slides D. Branding Basics
Devices/Memory) E. Insert and deleting E. Managing Sections E. Export Presentation
G. Concepts of Hardware and Software worksheets F. Presentation Views F. Feedback Session
II. Introduction to Microsoft Word F. Copying, renaming a sheet to G. Setting Background
A. Launch Word another workbook H. Adding Header and Footer
B. Window and Ribbon Features G. Changing worksheet tab I. Keyboard Shortcuts
C. File Tab colors J. Editing Presentation
D. Templates H. Grouping, Freezing rows and K. Formatting Presentation
E. Window Options columns L. Working with Multimedia
F. Customize your Ribbon I. Understanding formatting M. Sharing Presentation
G. Quick Access Toolbar J. Understanding Functions
H. Non-Printing Characters K. Quick Formatting
I. Practice Document L. Creating a new chart
J. Select Text
K. Page Breaks, Section Breaks and page number
L. Print document
M. Spelling and Grammar Checks
N. Adding Header and Footer
Reminders:

• 3 consecutive absences is equivalent to dropped or Failed due to

Absences (FDA)
• Incomplete (INC) mark in your final grade means you need to comply
• Strictly No borrowing of Pen and Paper to classmates
• Bring your own notebook ( this is a requirement at the end of
semester)
• Wear proper uniform
• Late – explanation letter noted by program coordinator
• Absent/excuse – medical certificate or any valid reason
COMPUTER CONCEPTS
What is computer?
- Is an electronic device that accepts data from the user, processes
it, produces results, displays them to the users, and stores the
results for future usage.

What is Data and Information?

Data – is a collection of unorganized facts & figures and does not
provide any further information regarding patterns, context etc. Hence
data means “unstructured facts and figures”
Information – is a structured data organized meaningful and
processed data. To process the data and convert into information, a
computer is used.
Functions of Computer
History of Computers
First Generation (1940-1956)
Hardware: Vacuum Tubes and Punch Cards
Memory: 4000 bits
Examples: ENIAC, UNIVACTBM 701
Features:
- Supported machine language
- Slow performance
- Occupied large size due to the use of
vacuum tubes
- Poor storage capacity
- It consumed a lot of electricity and
generated a lot of heat
History of Computers
Second Generation (1956-1963)
Hardware: Transistor, Magnetic Tapes
Memory: 32,000 bits
Data Input: through punched cards
Examples: Honeywell400, CDC1604,
IBM7030
Features:
- Faster and smaller size
- Reliable and energy efficient than
previous gen
- Less costly than previous gen
History of Computers
Third Generation (1965-1971)
Hardware: Integrated Circuits made from
semi-conductor materials. Large Capacity
disks and magnetic tapes
Memory: 128,000 bits
Data input: keyboards and monitors
Examples: IBM 360/370, CDC 6600, PDP 8/11
Features:
- Support time sharing OS
- Faster, smaller, more reliable and
cheaper than previous gen
- easy to access
History of Computers
Fourth Generation (1972-2010)
Hardware: ICs with Very Large Scale
Integration (VLSI) technology,
semiconductor memory, magnetic tapes
and floppy
Memory: 100M bits
Data input: improved keyboard and
mouse
Examples: AppleII, VAX9000, CRAY1
History of Computers
Fifth Generation (2010 –
Present)
Hardware: IC with VLSI and Nano
technology, Large capacity hard
disk with Raid support, powerful
servers, Internet, based on AI
Memory: Unlimited
Data input: CDROM, Optical Disk,
voice recognition etc.
Example: IBM
Types of Computer
➔Super Computer
➔ Mainframe computer
➔Mini Computer
➔Workstation Computer
➔Personal Computer (PC)
➔Server Computer
➔Analog Computer
➔Digital Computer
➔Hybrid Computer
➔Tablets and Smartphone
Supercomputer
➔When we talk about speed, then the first name
that comes to mind when thinking of computers is
supercomputers.
➔They are the biggest and fastest computers (in
terms of speed of processing data).
➔Supercomputers are designed such that they can
process a huge amount of data, like processing
trillions of instructions or data just in a second.
Price: Up from US $ 7 Billion in yr. 2023
➔This is because of the thousands of
interconnected processors in supercomputers. It is https://www.factmr.com/report/supercomputer-
market#:~:text=The%20cost%20of%20designing%2C%20building,6%2DUS%24%207%20million.

basically used in scientific and engineering

applications such as weather forecasting, scientific
simulations, and nuclear energy research.
➔It was first developed by Roger Cray in 1976.
Mainframe computer
➔Are designed in such a way that they can support hundreds or
thousands of users at the same time.
➔It also supports multiple programs simultaneously. So, they can
execute different processes simultaneously.
➔All these features make the mainframe computer ideal for big
organizations like banking, telecom sectors, etc., which process a high
volume of data in general.

https://www.google.com/search?client=avast-a-2&sca_esv=562646652&q=mainframe&tbm=isch&source=lnms&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjOpZGby5KBAxUMAt4KHdbMDoEQ0pQJegQIDxAB&biw=1920&bih=874&dpr=1#imgrc=LY_dh8IYVGdndM
Minicomputer
➔Is a medium size multiprocessing
computer.
➔In this type of computer, there are two
or more processors, and it supports 4 to
200 users at one time.
➔ Minicomputer is similar to
Microcontroller. Minicomputers are used in
places like institutes or departments for
different work like billing, accounting,
inventory management, etc.
➔It is smaller than a mainframe computer
but larger in comparison to the
microcomputer.
Workstation Computer

➔A workstation computer is designed for

technical or scientific applications.
➔It consists of a fast microprocessor, with
a large amount of RAM and a high-speed
graphic adapter.
➔ It is a single-user computer.
➔It is generally used to perform a specific
task with great accuracy.
Personal Computer (PC)
➔general-purpose computer
designed for individual use.
➔It consists of a microprocessor as a
central processing unit(CPU), memory,
input unit, and output unit.
➔ This kind of computer is suitable
for personal work such as making an
assignment, watching a movie, or at
the office for office work, etc. For
example, Laptops and desktop
computers.
 Server Computer
➔Server Computers are computers that
are combined data and programs.
➔Electronic data and applications are
stored and shared in the server
computer.
➔The working of a server computer is
that it does not solve a bigger problem
like a supercomputer but it solves many
smaller similar ones.
➔Examples of server computer are like
Wikipedia, as when users put a request
for any page, it finds what the user is
looking for and sends it to the user.
 Analog Computer
➔Analog Computers are particularly
designed to process analog data.
Continuous data that changes
continuously and cannot have discrete
values are called analog data.
➔So, an analog computer is used
where we don’t need exact values or
need approximate values such as
speed, temperature, pressure, etc.
➔It can directly accept the data from
the measuring device without first
converting it into numbers and codes.
➔ It measures the continuous changes
in physical quantity. It gives output as
a reading on a dial or scale. For
example speedometer, mercury
thermometer, etc.
 Digital Computer
➔Are designed in such a way that they can
easily perform calculations and logical
operations at high speed.
➔It takes raw data as input and processes it
with programs stored in its memory to
produce the final output.
➔It only understands the binary input 0 and 1,
so the raw input data is converted to 0 and 1
by the computer and then it is processed by
the computer to produce the result or final
output.
➔ All modern computers, like laptops,
desktops including smartphones are digital
computers.
 Hybrid Computer
➔As the name suggests hybrid, which means made by
combining two different things.
➔Similarly, the hybrid computer is a combination of
both analog and digital computers.
➔Hybrid computers are fast like analog computers and
have memory and accuracy like digital computers.
➔It has the ability to process both continuous and
discrete data.
➔For working when it accepts analog signals as input
then it converts them into digital form before
processing the input data.
➔ It is widely used in specialized applications where
both analog and digital data are required to be
processed.
➔ A processor which is used in petrol pumps that
converts the measurements of fuel flow into
quantity and price is an example of a hybrid
computer.
Tablet and Smartphones
➔Tablets and Smartphones are the types of
computers that are pocket friendly and easy
to carry is these are handy.
➔This is one of the best use of modern
technology.
➔These devices have better hardware
capabilities, extensive operating systems,
and better multimedia functionality.
➔smartphones and tablets contain a
number of sensors and are also able to
provide wireless communication protocols.
Components of Computer System
Components of Computer System
Central Processing Unit – called the “brain of computer” as it controls operation of all
parts of computer. It consists of two components: Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), and
Control Unit (CU)

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) – data entered into computer is sent to RAM, from where
it is then sent to ALU, where rest of data processing takes place. All types of processing
such as comparison, decision making and processing of non-numeric information takes
place here and once again data is move to RAM.

Control Unit (CU) – this part of CPU extracts instructions, performs execution,
maintains and directs operations of entire system. Ex. Controls all activities of
computer, direct flow of data within CPU, transfer data to ALU, transfer results to
memory, fetches results from memory to output devices.

Memory Unit – this is a unit which data and instructions given to computer as well as
results given by computer are stored. Smallest unit of data than computer can
recognize or use is called “Bits” ; 1 byte = 8 bits.
Computer Memory
Secondary Memory
Sometimes when data to be processed is large, it cannot fit in primary
memory as it is limited, in such cases, we use supplement memory or
secondary memory.
Secondary memory helps to store information permanently. Example of
this is compact disk, floppy disk, pen drive, external hard drive, flash
drive etc.
Concept of Hardware and Software

Computer hardware is a
collection of several components
working together.
 Concept of Hardware and Software
Software – a set of instructions that drives
computer to do stipulated tasks that called
program. Software instructions are programmed
in computer language, translated into machine
language and executed by computer.

Software can be categorized by two types:

- System Software – provides a platform to run
an application. Examples: OS such as Windows,
Linux, Unix etc.

- Application Software – designed for the benefit

of users to perform one or more tasks. Examples:
MS Word, Excel, PowerPoint etc.
 THANK YOU!!!

ADVANCE READING:
Microsoft Word